Alireza Eftekhari; Mohamad Jafari; Hossein Arzani; Aliakbar Mehrabi; Mohammad Reza Bihamta; Ehsan Zandi Esfahan; Nadia Kamali
Abstract
Given the role of rangelands in soil conservation and soil fertility, strengthening the soil of rangelands could be achieved by range management plans (RMP). Therefore, in this research, 15 summer rangelands and 16 winter rangelands with RMP were investigated to determine the effects of range management ...
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Given the role of rangelands in soil conservation and soil fertility, strengthening the soil of rangelands could be achieved by range management plans (RMP). Therefore, in this research, 15 summer rangelands and 16 winter rangelands with RMP were investigated to determine the effects of range management plans on some soil properties. In each rangeland with RMP and in each vegetation type, three soil profiles were dug and soil samples were collected at two different depths. Beside each rangeland with a RMP, a rangeland with a same vegetation type and without RMP was selected for comparison and sampling was conducted. Organic matter, nitrogen, potassium, and phosphorus were measured in the laboratory. The data from two different range management types were analyzed in an independent sample T test using SPSS software. The results showed that, in summer rangelands, range management plans could increase the amount of some factors like phosphorus, nitrogen, and organic matter, while it had no significant impact on some other factors, including the amount of potassium and increasing the depth of horizon A. However, in the winter rangelands, the plans had no significant effect on strengthening the soil of rangelands and it seems that due to the slow changes of soil in arid areas, more time is needed to make significant changes in the soil.
Dariush Ghorbanian; Ehsan Zandi esfahan; Heydar Sharafieh; Alireza Eftekhari
Abstract
The use of saline and lands low-yield lands for forage production is an important step towards optimal utilization of low quality soil and water resources and supplying livestock forage as well as conservation of soil and water resources. Therefore, this research was aimed to investigate the establishment ...
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The use of saline and lands low-yield lands for forage production is an important step towards optimal utilization of low quality soil and water resources and supplying livestock forage as well as conservation of soil and water resources. Therefore, this research was aimed to investigate the establishment potential, canopy cover percentage, height growth and yield. Garmasar Desert Research Station with a soil salinity of 30-35 ds/m and Atriplex canescens, Atriplex leucoclada, Atriplex verrocifera, Aeluropus lagopoides and Aeluropus littoralis were selected and the species were cultivated in three replications. In each replication, 15 individuals of the study species were cultivated on each row. According to the results, the establishment percentage of At. ca, At. le, At. ve, Ae. la and Ae. li was recorded to be 95.5%, 95.5%, 100%, 97.7%, and 100%, respectively, indicating high establishment potential. The results of analysis of variance for annual yield showed that all the study species were able to produce forage in saline lands with a soil salinity of 35 ds/m.Among the study species, At. ca and At. le had the highest canopy cover and height. The highest forage production (more than 2 kg ha-1) was recorded for At. le, compared with other study species.Our results clearly showed that yield and canopy cover superior to other traits in showing the differences among the study species.
Javad Daeizadeh; MAHSHID souri; Ehsan Zandi Isfahan; javad motamedi
Abstract
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons are toxic and persistent pollutants that are considered as fundamental threat to the ecosystem. Phytoremediation, the use of plants for remediation of contaminated soils, is an effective and affordable way to reduce soil pollution. In this study, the potential phytoremediation ...
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Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons are toxic and persistent pollutants that are considered as fundamental threat to the ecosystem. Phytoremediation, the use of plants for remediation of contaminated soils, is an effective and affordable way to reduce soil pollution. In this study, the potential phytoremediation of pasture plants i.e. Agropyron intermedium and Dactylisglomerata in soil contaminated with crude oil of different concentrations (20, 30, 40 and 50 percent) was scrutinized for 120 days under greenhouse condition. At the end of the study, changes in biological factors (shoot height, shoot dry weight and root dry weight) of each species and changes in petroleum hydrocarbons of soil were measured and results were analyzed using SPSS software. The process of decay kinetics curve of petroleum percent was used to calculate the time it takes for decomposition of petroleum hydrocarbons. Results showed that three main features of biological factors of both studied species in different treatments were significantly different compared to control group. Analysis of changes in petroleum hydrocarbons indicated that Agropyronintermedium reduced 79.81 percent of oil in the treatment of 20% and reduced 58.54 percent of oil in the treatment of 50%. Therefore, it has higher phytoremediation ability in comparison with Dactylisglomerata. The results of the analysis of petroleum in soil samples, fitted with zero-order kinetic model showed that the first order kinetic model is the best model for simulating the trend of changes of Petroleum hydrocarbon of the soil
asgar hosseinzadeh; Ghodratolah Heidari; Hosein Barani; Hasan Zali; Ehsan Zandi Esfahan
Abstract
Nomadic migration has been a way of living in Iran from ancient times. Although this way of life has changed in different periods, the intensity of these changes has an origin in social, political and security issues in addition to livestock and rangelands. The population of the study area is 70 and ...
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Nomadic migration has been a way of living in Iran from ancient times. Although this way of life has changed in different periods, the intensity of these changes has an origin in social, political and security issues in addition to livestock and rangelands. The population of the study area is 70 and a number of 58 people were selected using Cochran formula. In the present study, questionnaires were used and data collection was performed using interview. To measure social integration, five factors were used which were included in the questionnaire including customary rights, within group-trust, tribal and local trust, confidence and awareness of the projects provided by the government, and legal protection. Cronbach's Alpha coefficient for the social integration was calculated to be 0.88 and the correlation between social integration and the factors including beneficiaries’ literacy, the history of exploitation, annual income from animal husbandry and the number of livestock was analyzed through Pearson test using SPSS software. It was revealed that there was a direct and significant relationship between social integration and annual revenue of animal husbandry and the history of exploitation while social integration had a significant inverse relationship with the number of livestock, indicating a close relationship between the nomadic community and their social integration. Nomadic community needs should be provided in the form of nomad's social integration. Finally, the tribal system of the country should be viewed as a cultural heritage and it should not be measured by modern development indicators.
