mostafa nahid; mohammadreza zandmoghadam; zeynab Karkehabadi
Abstract
With rapid growth of urban construction and urbanism as well as creation and development of infrastructure, flooding in urban areas has become more controversial. Occurrence of urban flood hazards in human settlements causes irreparable damages to the citizens. Therefore, in order to decrease the psychological ...
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With rapid growth of urban construction and urbanism as well as creation and development of infrastructure, flooding in urban areas has become more controversial. Occurrence of urban flood hazards in human settlements causes irreparable damages to the citizens. Therefore, in order to decrease the psychological and social impacts of urban flooding, attention to resilience approach of urban flood is discussed. The study of literature shows that enhanced resiliency against natural disasters is affected by social, economic, physical and managerial factors. Accordingly, the main objective of this study is to investigate the mentioned structures on resiliency of Tehran metropolitan area against urban flood. The methodology of this study is practical and in terms of survey and descriptive - analytical. The results of the study showed that in terms of socio - cultural index, the most favorable areas were identified. In terms of economic index, according to the components of the relevant component, the study area is the most desirable areas in terms of economic resilience. Also, managerial - institutional resiliency has been the most suitable areas in terms of managerial - institutional resiliency. In the physical resilience, according to the structure of the region and using wlc and ahp methods, it was found that the strengths and weaknesses of the region have a good physical resilience.
Sasan Amini; Rafat Zare Bidaki; Rasoul Mirabbasi; Marym Shafaei
Abstract
In this study, we applied the vine copula structures for multivariate analysis of flood characteristics. For this purpose, the hydrographs of 98 flood events recorded at Landi station in Bazoft watershed, in Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari Province, were selected and the flood characteristics, including peak ...
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In this study, we applied the vine copula structures for multivariate analysis of flood characteristics. For this purpose, the hydrographs of 98 flood events recorded at Landi station in Bazoft watershed, in Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari Province, were selected and the flood characteristics, including peak flood (P), flood volume (V), flood duration (D) and time to peak (T) were extracted. Then, the best fitted distribution on each variable was selected by Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. In the next phase, the C-vine and D-vine structure were created considering three (P,V and T/D) and four variables (P,D,T and V) in changeable orders. In this way, the flood volume and peak were considered in a constant combination, and flood duration or the time to peak were consideredchangeable in tri-variate joints. In the four-variable joints, different combinations of all four variables were used. We used Gumbel, Frank, Joe, Clayton, Gaussian and t-student copula functions to combine these variables. The results obtained from the theoretical joint were compared with the experimental joint of that compound. Results showed that the best permutations of C-vine and D-vine copulas are similar in trivariate models TPV, (NSE=0.913), and the Gumbel and Gaussian copulas have selected as the best-fitted copula at the edges. In four-variate cases, the best C-vine and D-vine structures were PVTD and PTVD, (NSE=0.989) and the Gumbel and Gaussian were the abundant copulas in both of C-vine and D-vine models. The results indicated that the four-variate vine structures have higher concordance with the empirical copula than the tri-variate structures.
