maryam mombeni; hamid reza asgari; ali Mohammadian Behbahani; Salman Zare; hossein yousefi
Abstract
One of the main challenges of land degradation management in arid and desert areas of Iran is the stabilization of sand as well as the control of dust; therefore the use of mulches, particularly eco-friendly mulch, is one of the ways to stabilize sand used. The purpose of this study was to investigate ...
Read More
One of the main challenges of land degradation management in arid and desert areas of Iran is the stabilization of sand as well as the control of dust; therefore the use of mulches, particularly eco-friendly mulch, is one of the ways to stabilize sand used. The purpose of this study was to investigate the possibility of using residues such as black liqueur and malass as mulch to stabilize the sand. To prepare the substrate for treatments in the laboratory environment, Rig Boland sandy of Kashan was used. Metal trays with dimensions of 100 × 30 × 2 cm were used for the experiments. For spraying of malass, black liquor and control treatments in a single layer and double layer of 2.5-liter sprinkler were applied and a completely randomized design with three replications was performed. To evaluate the performance of these materials, the shear strength, saturation, and dry strength and water permeability were measured and the data were analyzed by appropriate statistical software. In vitro results showed that the penetration resistance of molasses and black liqueur mulches were 9.8 and 7.8 kN/m2, respectively. These two types of mulch have significant differences with each other and with control (water) treatment. The highest penetration and shear strength were related to Malass treatment, which increased the penetration resistance by 9.8 times and the shear resistance by 14 times. The infiltration rate in one-layer liqueur mulch was significantly different compared to Malass and control (water) mulches, while the infiltration rate decreased with increasing thickness.
Tayyebeh Mesbahzadeh; Hassan Ahmadi
Abstract
Sand dunes mobility is one of the serious problems in arid regions. Since wind regime is one of the important factors in sand dunes formation, its frequency, direction and magnitude can be effective. Amount of wind energy and its directional variability (wind regime) have significant control on the morphology ...
Read More
Sand dunes mobility is one of the serious problems in arid regions. Since wind regime is one of the important factors in sand dunes formation, its frequency, direction and magnitude can be effective. Amount of wind energy and its directional variability (wind regime) have significant control on the morphology and maintenance of aeolian landforms. By recognizing of morphometric and morphodynamic characteristics, it is possible to control soil erosion. Thus, statistical analysis of wind data using Tsoar index (sand dunes mobility index) in the study area was considered to understand wind regime role in volume and direction of transported sediments. Sand drift potential amount of the study area is 100.8 v.u. and sand flux is 2.358 m3/m.year resulted from Lettau – Lettau equation. Considering wind erosion power, the study area is in low class based on Fryberger & Dyne (1979) classification. In spring the wind blowing pattern has west direction and is different from other seasons. Also, the most frequency of blowing wind higher than threshold velocity occurs in this season. Unidirectional index value is 0.64 for this region that results formation of transverse dunes (barkhanoid).