Esfandiar Jahantab; Ali Najmeddin
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution is one of the most serious environmental problems that is spreading around the world. The purpose of this study was to determine the rate of pollution and enrichment of heavy metals inside and around the industrial town of Shiraz. For this aim, 20 surface soil samples were gathered ...
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Heavy metal pollution is one of the most serious environmental problems that is spreading around the world. The purpose of this study was to determine the rate of pollution and enrichment of heavy metals inside and around the industrial town of Shiraz. For this aim, 20 surface soil samples were gathered from a depth of 0 to 15 cm from inside and around Shiraz industrial town, and the concentrations of Pb, Cr, Al, Mn, Cu, Zn, St, V, N, Co, Sc, Fe As was evaluated using the ICP-method MS. The results showed that the average concentrations of Cu, Pb, Mn, Cr, Al, Zn, St, V, Ni, Co, Fe, As and Sc are 75, 87.9, 541.6, 143.3, 21804.8, 275.4, 439.9, 173.3, 55.4, 12.0, 50579.3, 4.8, and 4.7 mg / kg, respectively. The results showed that the average concentration of all elements except Al (21804.8 mg/kg) and Sc (4.7 mg/kg) is much higher than the concentration of these elements in global soils. In addition, Cu, Pb, Zn, V and Cr show much higher concentrations than standard Chinese and Canadian standards. Calculation of the enrichment coefficient of the mentioned elements in soil samples indicates high enrichment of Cu (8.32), Pb (5.42), Zn (7.04), St (5.15), V (5.04), and Cr (5.34). The results of the present study indicate that the soils of the region are contaminated with Cu, Pb, V, Mn and Zn. Therefore, it is suggested to reduce metals in the environment by different methods.
Reza Namjooyan; Jamshid Ghorbani; Ghodrat alah heydari; Ghorban Vahab Zade
Abstract
Activities related to the extraction of minerals are one of the factors causing a disturbance in rangelands. Vegetation succession in mining areas depends on the soil seed bank. For this purpose, the soil seed bank was studied in two important coal extraction sites in Mazandaran province to identify ...
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Activities related to the extraction of minerals are one of the factors causing a disturbance in rangelands. Vegetation succession in mining areas depends on the soil seed bank. For this purpose, the soil seed bank was studied in two important coal extraction sites in Mazandaran province to identify and compare seed amount between coal wastes and nearby rangeland as control. Soil and coal wastes samples were taken from 140 plots of 1 m2 in Kiasar coal mine and 115 plots in Karmozd coal mine before the growth season. Samples were kept in a glasshouse for eight months germinated seeds were counted. Results of this study showed that the germination of 28 species in Kiasar and 23 species in Karmozd. 10 and 6 species only presented in Karmozd and Kiasar coal waste, respectively. Annuals dominated the coal waste seed bank in Kiasar while perennials were common in Karmazd coal waste seed bank. In Kiasar, coal waste seed bank had less diversity and richness than that in seed bank of rangelands, but no significant differences were observed between seed bank of coal waste and seed bank of rangeland in Karmozd. Due to the harsh conditions of seed germination and seedling establishment and also low seed density in the seed bank, natural regeneration in coal wastes of these two sites will be a slow process and it needs amendment treatments and the introduction of target plants seeds.
Nafise Panahi; amirhossein hamidian; Ali Tavili
Abstract
This study was conducted in Halgheh Darreh waste disposal site in Karaj in order to determine theconcentration of Ni and Pb in Halimocnemis pilifera and in region’s soil. Three 50*50 m plots inthe direction of the prevailing wind were selected. The First plot was close to the leachate pondsand ...
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This study was conducted in Halgheh Darreh waste disposal site in Karaj in order to determine theconcentration of Ni and Pb in Halimocnemis pilifera and in region’s soil. Three 50*50 m plots inthe direction of the prevailing wind were selected. The First plot was close to the leachate pondsand the next two plots were located at 500 and 1000 m from the first plot, respectively. Ten randomsamples from root and shoot of the plant and also from the soil were collected. The concentrationsof the metals were determined using a flame atomic absorption spectormetery (AA 240 (FS) VarianCompany, USA) after dry acid digestion. Two-way and one-way ANOVA were used to assess thedifferences of metal concentrations in roots and shoots of the plants, and in the soil of the plots,respectively. Duncan Test was applied to compare the average concentrations of metals in differentplots. The results revealed that the soil of the different plots do not have a significant difference inNi and Pb concentrations. No significant difference was observed between the metal concentrationsin roots and shoots of the plants. The plants in the second and third plots showed to have the highestconcentration of Pb (3.27 mg kg-1) and Ni (4.41 mg kg-1), respectively. Bioconcentration andtransmission factors for Ni and Pb (TF=1.21; 0.75 and BCF=1.11; 0.29, respectively) suggested thatH.pilifera is an appropriate plant to remove Pb and Ni from soil.