Ebrahim Gavili; Mohamad Reza Vahabi; Fazel Amiri; Hossain Arzani
Abstract
This research was conducted to recognize Sibak-Sardab watershed rangeland potentials, evaluate and determine of suitability classes for sheep grazing. In this research, we used the proposed method of FAO (1992) and for information layers crossing used in Geographical Information System (GIS). In this ...
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This research was conducted to recognize Sibak-Sardab watershed rangeland potentials, evaluate and determine of suitability classes for sheep grazing. In this research, we used the proposed method of FAO (1992) and for information layers crossing used in Geographical Information System (GIS). In this research, sensitivity to erosion, water resources and forage production are three basic components of this study. We used the MPSIAC model for the sensitivity to erosion. The model of water resource suitability consists of three parameters, quantity, quality and water resource's accessibility. In the forage production model, we estimated the ratio of available forage to the whole produced forage in each vegetation type. According to the result 96% of the rangeland was in low suitability class (S3) and only 4% were in medium suitability class (S2). The most important factors causing the decrease in suitability were lower rates of available forage for the livestock, low forage production of classes, I, II and low palatability percentage. According to Actual use (22170 animal units in season grazing); and grazing capacity (15989 animal units) and also according to the high destruction because of heavy grazing; using a management method that can help to improve the rangeland condition is suggestion.
F. Amiri; H. Arzani; E. Gavili
Abstract
Existence of pollen and nectar plants in vegetation composition of natural environment is essential for apiculture as one of the utilization types in multiple uses of environmental resources. Therefore, development of this strategy based on indigenous knowledge will increase stakeholder income, which ...
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Existence of pollen and nectar plants in vegetation composition of natural environment is essential for apiculture as one of the utilization types in multiple uses of environmental resources. Therefore, development of this strategy based on indigenous knowledge will increase stakeholder income, which can decrease stocking rate based on range grazing capacity. Due to high dependence of bee to plant flowers, recognition of such plants, studying their phonology and distributed regions is an important issue. Such information can help mangers to classify environmental suitability for bee keeping. The present study investigates the potential of plant species in Ghareh Aghach Watershed in beekeeping. Sample collection was carried out from vegetation species, percentage and composition along two hundred meter transects in three replications and within 30 one square meter quadrates of each Vegetation type. The most import vegetation families utilized by bees in the area were Labiatae, Fabaceae, Asteraceae, Umbelifera, Rosaceae and Cruceferae. Among 114 plant species, 78 species are utilized by bees. These species were not palatable for grazing animals but were dominant in degraded rangelands. Therefore, it is important to define species and flowering time which essential for preparing beekeeping calendar and potential of this utilization type in the area.
Ebrahim Gavili; Mohammadreza Vahhabi; Fazel Amiri; Shiva Rashidi
Abstract
For planning the grazing of rangeland according to difference in body weight and different energy requirements should determine forage requirement of animal unit. In the other hand, daily need of animal in rangeland depends on the quantity and quality of intake forage composition. For this purpose selected ...
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For planning the grazing of rangeland according to difference in body weight and different energy requirements should determine forage requirement of animal unit. In the other hand, daily need of animal in rangeland depends on the quantity and quality of intake forage composition. For this purpose selected part of the rangeland of Fereidunshahr in Isfahan province was classified to vegetation types. In each type of all plant species about 500 grams at flowering stage were collected. Nitrogen (N) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) were measured through chemical analysis. Crude protein, ADF, dry matter digestibility and metabolizable energy either 3 replicates were assessed in the laboratory as indicators of forage quality. The Lori sheep race is user dominant Animal unit. In order to determine the animal unit body weight, from 3 existing herds within 11 unit management with dominant Animal from this race, 10 three and 10 four Dry adult ewes(main structure of the herd), 5 three and 5 four years old rams and 6 month old lambs randomly selected and were weighed in two period. Weighing operation performance once before grazing beginning (first may) and once after the end of grazing season (first September). In conclusion 45 kg body weight as animal unit was calculated and livestock rations of animal requirement in maintenance condition and grazing in rangeland (0.7 times of keeping in a stable) calculated using the MAFF equation. The result showed that animal requirement based on forage quality at flowering stage was 1.09 kg that for grazing session (30% reduction of forage quality) is 1/58 kg in day. Because there are difference in structure of vegetation types and metabolism energy so a permanent quantity of dry forage cannot specify as basic of computation the daily need