Jamshid Ghorbani; Nateq Lashkari Sanami
Abstract
Background: Coal mining in rangelands accounts for a considerable amount of waste dumps that can be colonized by local plants over time. A thorough understanding of vegetation changes plays a key role in the management and restoration of such ecosystems. Aim: This study aimed to assess the rangeland ...
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Background: Coal mining in rangelands accounts for a considerable amount of waste dumps that can be colonized by local plants over time. A thorough understanding of vegetation changes plays a key role in the management and restoration of such ecosystems. Aim: This study aimed to assess the rangeland plant changes during 10 years on coal-waste dumps. Materials and methods: This study was carried out on three coal-waste dumps which were abandoned between 20 and 30 years in Karmozd mines in Savadkoh County, Mazandaran Province. Vegetation sampling was done in 2012 and 2022, estimating the cover percentage of all species in each 1 m2 plot. Species composition, functional groups, and species richness and diversity were compared between the two years. Results: Results showed changes in species composition and plant groups after 10 years. Some species were not found in 2022 while some new species were detected. The cover percentage of Bromus briziformis and Melica persica significantly increased but Hordeum vulgare was found to significantly decrease. The cover percentage of annuals and perennials significantly increased by 35.28% and 46.19%, respectively. Over the time, the cover percentage of grasses, forbs, and shrubs significantly increased. The results of ANOVA indicated a significant increase in species richness and diversity. Conclusion: Vegetation changes during this period have not been affected by age of each dump since abandonment. Restoration treatments and plant species with phytoremediation potential are recommended to accelerate vegetation dynamics and reduce the consequences of coal-waste dump on the surrounding environment.
Parviz Gholami; Mohammad Farzam; Nateq Lashkari sanami; Lale Amouzgar
Abstract
The study of soil seed bank provides vital information for rehabilitation and restoration of rangeland ecosystem. In the arid and semi-arid environments, shrub plants may cause accumulation of seed bank under their canopy, thereby protecting them against the livestock herbivory and the other environmental ...
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The study of soil seed bank provides vital information for rehabilitation and restoration of rangeland ecosystem. In the arid and semi-arid environments, shrub plants may cause accumulation of seed bank under their canopy, thereby protecting them against the livestock herbivory and the other environmental factors. This study was conducted with objective to investigate effect of Astragalus brachycalyx on composition of soil seeds bank, in two area of enclosure and under grazing. For this purpose, sampling of soil seed bank under the canopy of this species and its open space adjacent was measured using a flexible plot along the 100 meters transect. Soils were sampled from 0-5 and 5-10 cm depths. Then seed bank composition was identified after seed germination in glasshouse. The results showed that 16 species under the canopy of Astragalus brachycalyx and 12 plant species in the open space adjacent in enclosure area and 21 species under the canopy of Astragalus brachycalyx and 11 plant species in the open space adjacent in under grazing area. In the soil seed bank of an area under the livestock grazing and understory of Astragalus brachycalyx, the species namely Silene longipetala, Mentha longifolia, Veronica anagallis-aquatica and Anthemis odontostephana had the greatest numbers of seeds respectively. The area under livestock grazing had higher density of seed bank of plants with annual and perennial life, Therophytes and Hemicryptophytes biological forms, annual and perennial vegetative forms of forbs, and palatable classes II and III in understory compared to the open space.
Hamidreza Naseri; Nateq Lashkari sanami; Seyed Ali Sadeghi Sangdehi
Abstract
In order to provide animal’s nutritional requirements and production of animal protein, it is necessary to adjust the balanced diet and the correct nutrition plan., which is based on proper understanding of food and this is possible through the analysis of nutrients. This research aimed to study ...
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In order to provide animal’s nutritional requirements and production of animal protein, it is necessary to adjust the balanced diet and the correct nutrition plan., which is based on proper understanding of food and this is possible through the analysis of nutrients. This research aimed to study and compare of forage quality in seven species that are grazing by camel including: Nitraria schoberi , Smirnovia iranica , Seidlitzia rosmarinous , Stipagrostis plumosa, Astragalus squarrosus, Alhaji persarum and Zygophyllum eichwaldii conducted in two stages of vegetative growth at Maranjab desert rangelands. For this purpose, the indices of dry matter (DM), Crude Protein (CP), Dry Matter Digestibility (DMD), Acid Detergent Fiber (ADF), Metabolic Energy (ME), Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K) and Sodium (Na) were subjected to chemical analysis. The results showed that the forage quality indices between the species and phonological stages were significantly different (P<0.01). In all species, as the growth stages and plant maturity progressed, the amount of crude protein, metabolic energy and phosphorus were decreased and the amount of dry matter and ADF were increased. While N. shoberi had the highest amount of crude protein (26.51) in vegetative growth stage, S. rosmarinous showed the lowest protein (3.91) at seeding stage. In addition to, with regard to both phonological stages, while the highest dry matter digestibility, metabolic energy, potassium and sodium were found in S. rosmarinous species, the highest amount of crude protein, nitrogen and phosphorus was observed in S. iranica species.
