ارزیابی شدت بیابان‏زایی با استفاده از مدل IMDPA (مطالعة موردی: دشت شهر بابک، استان کرمان)

جهانشاهی, افشین; مقدم نیا, علیرضا; خسروی, حسن

doi:10.22059/jrwm.2015.54927

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

¹ دانشجوی دکتری آبخیزداری، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری

² دانشیار دانشکدة منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران

³ استادیار دانشکدة منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران

https://doi.org/10.22059/jrwm.2015.54927

چکیده

برای ارزیابی و تهیة نقشة بیابان‏زایی تا کنون تحقیقات بسیار زیادی در داخل و خارج از کشور صورت گرفته و این تحقیقات به ارائة مدل‏های منطقه‏ای فراوانی منجر شده است. به منظور ارائة یک مدل منطقه‏ای و ارزیابی کمّی وضعیت فعلی بیابان‏زایی، دشت شهر بابک با وسعت 4112 کیلومتر مربع در شمال ‏غرب استان کرمان انتخاب شد. در این تحقیق برای ارزیابی شدت بیابان‏زایی با استفاده از سیزده شاخص‌ـ پنج شاخص مبتنی بر آب زیرزمینی شامل هدایت الکتریکی، نسبت جذب سدیم، کلر، میزان افت، و عمق آب زیرزمینی، سه شاخص مبتنی بر داده‏های اقلیمی شامل بارش سالیانه، ضریب خشکی ترانسوا، و شاخص خشک‌سالی و سه شاخص مبتنی بر پوشش‏ گیاهی شامل وضعیت، بهره‏برداری، و تجدید پوشش‏ گیاهی و فرسایش آبی و شیوة آبیاری در قالب مدل ایرانی بیابان‏زایی IMDPA‌ـ به بررسی و تعیین کلاس شدت بیابان‏زایی در هر یک از واحدهای کاری پرداخته شد. امتیاز نهایی مربوط به هر یک از واحدهای کاری و سپس در کل منطقه از میانگین هندسی هر یک از شاخص‏های مذکور تعیین شد. در نهایت، وضعیت فعلی شدت بیابان‏زایی منطقه در کلاس کم، متوسط، شدید، و بسیار شدید برآورد شد. نتایج به‌دست‌آمده نشان داد در مدل پیشنهادی منطقه‏ای در منطقة مورد مطالعه از نظر شدت بیابان‌‏زایی در حدود 61351 هکتار (92_/14 درصد) در کلاس کم، 138575 هکتار (7_/33 درصد) در کلاس متوسط، 117685 هکتار (62_/28 درصد) در کلاس شدید، و 93589 هکتار (76_/22 درصد) در کلاس بسیار شدید قرار دارند. همچنین، متوسط وزنی ارزش کمّی در کل منطقه 06_/2 برآورد شد که بیانگر وجود کلاس بیابان‏زایی متوسط در منطقه است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Assessment of Desertification Density Using IMDPA Model (Case study: Shahr-Babak plain, Kerman Province)

نویسندگان [English]

Afshin Jahanshahi ¹
Alireza Moghaddamnia ²
Hasan Khosravi ³

¹ PhD Student, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, , I.R. Iran

² Associate Professor, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, I.R. Iran

³ Assistant Professor, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, I.R. Iran

چکیده [English]

To assessment and preparation of desertification mapping, much research has been conducted ever within and outside the country that has led to numerous regional models. To provide a regional model and quantitative assessment of current state of desertification, ShahrBabak plain with an area of 4112 square kilometers (Km²) located in the Northwest of Kerman province were considered. In this study, to assess the severity of desertification using thirteen indices that five of them based on groundwater and include: electrical conductivity (EC), sodium absorption ratio (SAR), chloride (Cl), drop of groundwater and water table depth and three of them based on climate data and included: annual rainfall, Transeau drought index, drought index and also three of them based on vegetation and included: Conditions, exploitation and restoration of vegetation, water erosion and irrigation methods in format of desertification Iranian model IMDPA to investigation and determine the class of desertification intensity were done in each of work units. The final score of each of work units and then total area were determined using Geometric average from any of the mentioned indices. Finally the current status of desertification intensity classes were estimated in low, medium, high and very high classes. The results indicated that in the regional proposed model, the study area with respect to intensity of desertification is placed in about 61351 ha (14.92 %) in low class and about 138575 ha (33.7%) in medium class, about 117685 ha (28.62 %) in high class and about 93589 ha (22.76 %) in very high class. Also the weight average of quantitative value estimated 2.06 in total area that it indicated the medium desertification class in the total area.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

groundwater
Desertification
IMDPA model
ShahrBabak

مراجع

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نشریه علمی - پژوهشی مرتع و آبخیزداری

ارزیابی شدت بیابان‏زایی با استفاده از مدل IMDPA (مطالعة موردی: دشت شهر بابک، استان کرمان)

مراجع

مراجع

دوره 68، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 2
شهریور 1394
صفحه 247-267

ارزیابی شدت بیابان‏زایی با استفاده از مدل IMDPA (مطالعة موردی: دشت شهر بابک، استان کرمان)

مراجع

مراجع

دوره 68، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 2شهریور 1394صفحه 247-267

دوره 68، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 2
شهریور 1394
صفحه 247-267