نشریه علمی - پژوهشی مرتع و آبخیزداری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه جغرافیای طبیعی، دانشکدة علوم زمین، دانشگاه شهیدبهشتی، تهران

2 دانشجوی دکتری گروه جغرافیای طبیعی، دانشکدة علوم زمین، دانشگاه شهیدبهشتی، تهران

چکیده

رسوب ناشی از فرسایش خاک به عنوان مهم‌ترین نمایة تخریب اراضی، چالشی مهم در بحث توسعۀ پایدار و تهدیدی بر زیست بوم‌ها تلقی می‌شود. لذا برآورد معتبر رسوب خروجی از آبخیزها بسیار حائز اهمیت می‌باشد. گستردگی آبخیزها و کمبود ایستگاه‌های سنجش رسوب باعث شده است تا از روش‌های تحلیل منطقه‌ای جهت برآورد بار رسوب معلق در آبخیز فاقد و یا کمبود آمار استفاده شود. هدف از این تحقیق تحلیل منطقه‌ای بار رسوب معلق با استفاده از روش رگرسیون مؤلفه‌های اصلی در مناطق همگن حوضة آبخیز سفیدرود با مساحت 59273 کیلومترمربع است. در این پژوهش، 23 ایستگاه رسوب‌سنجی با دوره‌های آماری 30 سال انتخاب گردید و میانگین سالانة رسوب زیرحوضه‌ها به عنوان متغیر وابسته و 18 متغیر فیزیوگرافی و هیدرولوژیک مربوط به زیر‌حوضه‌ها به عنوان متغیر مستقل تعیین شدند. پس از تعیین مناطق همگن، در هر منطقة همگن براساس روش تجزیة مؤلفه‌های اصلی (PCA) مؤلفه‌های مؤثر در رسوب شناسایی شدند. درنهایت ارتباط بین بار رسوب معلق در دورة بازگشت‌های مختلف و مؤلفه‌های مؤثر در مناطق همگن تعیین شدند. نتایج نشان داد که ایستگاه های واقع در منطقة مورد مطالعه با بکارگیری تحلیل‌خوشه‌ای در دو گروه همگن قرار گرفتند. براساس تجزیة مؤلفه‌های اصلی، در منطقة همگن یک، 18 متغیر به 5 مؤلفه با توجیه بیش از ۸۷ درصد واریانس و در منطقة همگن دوم داده‌ها به 3 مؤلفه با توجیه بیش از 92 درصد واریانس خلاصه شدند. همچنین با استفاده از رگرسیون مؤلفه‌های‌اصلی در منطقة همگن 1 فاکتور اول با مقدار ضریب‌تبیین دبی رسوب 25 ساله  67/0 و در منطقة همگن 2، نیز فاکتور اول و دوم با ضریب‌تبیین 32/0 وارد مدل شدند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Regional analysis of suspended sediment load using principale componants regression method in Sefidrood Drainage Basin

نویسندگان [English]

  • kazem Nosrati 1
  • sepide imeni 2
  • arash talari 2

2 shahid beheshti university

چکیده [English]

Sediment yield caused by soil erosion process as the most important land degradation index is considered a main challenge in sustainable development and threats the ecosystems. It is therefore very important to estimate the reliable sediment discharge at watersheds outlets. The large river drainage basins and the lack of sediment gauges have led to apply regional analysis methods, to estimate suspended sediment load in the basins without gauges or the gauges with lack of data. The objective of this study was to estimate regional suspended sediment load using principal components regression in homogeneous regions of Sefidrood drainage basin with an area of 59273 km2as dependent variable and 18 physiographic and hydrologic factors in sediment load were recognized in each homogenous region based on principal components analysis (PCA). Finally, the relationship between suspended sediment load with different return periods and controlling factors were determined. The results showed that the stations located in the study area were clustered in two homogeneous groups. In the homogeneous region one, based on the PCA, 18 variables reduced into 5 factors accounting more than 87% of total variance and in the second homogenous region reduced into 3 factors accounting more than 92%. Using the principal component regression in the first homogeneous region, the first factor with the coefficient of determination of sediment discharge with 25- year return period, 0.67, and in the second homogeneous region, the first and second factors with coefficient of determination 0.32 were entered in model.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Homogeneous regions
  • estimation of sediment
  • physiographic characteristics
  • principal components regression
  • Sefidrood Drainage Basin
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