نشریه علمی - پژوهشی مرتع و آبخیزداری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه فسا، فسا، ایران.

2 پژوهشگر پسا دکتری زمین‌شناسی زیست‌محیطی، گروه زمین‌شناسی، دانشکدۀ علوم، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

چکیده

آلودگی فلزات سنگین یکی از جدی­ترین مشکلات زیست­محیطی است که در سراسر دنیا در حال گسترش می‌باشد. هدف از این پژوهش تعیین میزان آلودگی و غنی­شدگی فلزات سنگین در داخل و اراضی اطراف شهرک صنعتی شیراز است. برای رسیدن به این هدف، تعداد 20 نمونه خاک سطحی از عمق 0 تا 15 سانتی­متر از داخل و اطراف شهرک صنعتی شیراز برداشت شده و غلظت فلزات سرب، کروم، آلومینیم، منگنز، مس، روی، استرانسیم، وانادیم، نیکل، کبالت، اسکاندیم، آهن و آرسنیک در آن­ها با استفاده از روش ICP-MS بررسی شد. نتایج نشان داد غلظت میانگین عناصر مس، سرب، منگنز، کروم، آلومینیم، روی، استرانسیم، وانادیم، نیکل، کبالت، آهن، آرسنیک و اسکاندیم به ترتیب 75، 9/87، 6/541، 3/143، 8/21804، 4/275، 9/439، 3/173، 4/55، 0/12، 3/50579، 8/4 و 7/4 میلی­گرم و بر کیلوگرم می­باشد. نتایج نشان داد که میانگین غلظت همۀ عناصر به جز آلومینیم (8/21804 میلی­گرم بر کیلوگرم) و اسکاندیم (7/4 میلی­گرم بر کیلوگرم) بسیار بیشتر از مقادیر غلظت این عناصر در خاک­های جهانی است. علاوه بر این، در مقایسه با استانداردهای کشورهای چین و کانادا نیز عناصر مس، سرب، روی، وانادیم و کروم غلظت­های بسیار بیشتری از مقادیر استاندارد را نشان می­دهند. محاسبۀ ضریب غنی­شدگی عناصر مذکور در نمونه­های خاک نشان­دهندۀ غنی­شدگی زیاد عناصر مس (32/8)، سرب (42/5)، روی (04/7)، استرانسیم (15/5)، وانادیم (04/5) و کروم (34/5) است. نتایج تحقیق حاضر گویای آن است که خاک­های منطقه آلوده به فلزات مس، سرب، وانادیم، منگنز و روی هستند، لذا پیشنهاد می­شود بایستی با روش­های مختلف سعی در کاهش فلزات در محیط داشت.  

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

investigation of Heavy Metal Contamination and Enrichment (Case Study: Shiraz Industrial Town and surrounding Lands)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Esfandiar Jahantab 1
  • Ali Najmeddin 2

1 Department of Range and Watershed Management, Faculty of Agriculture, Fasa University, Fasa, Iran

2 Department of Geology, College of Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Heavy metal pollution is one of the most serious environmental problems that is spreading around the world. The purpose of this study was to determine the rate of pollution and enrichment of heavy metals inside and around the industrial town of Shiraz. For this aim, 20 surface soil samples were gathered from a depth of 0 to 15 cm from inside and around Shiraz industrial town, and the concentrations of Pb, Cr, Al, Mn, Cu, Zn, St, V, N, Co, Sc, Fe As was evaluated using the ICP-method MS. The results showed that the average concentrations of Cu, Pb, Mn, Cr, Al, Zn, St, V, Ni, Co, Fe, As and Sc are 75, 87.9, 541.6, 143.3, 21804.8, 275.4, 439.9, 173.3, 55.4, 12.0, 50579.3, 4.8, and 4.7 mg / kg, respectively. The results showed that the average concentration of all elements except Al (21804.8 mg/kg) and Sc (4.7 mg/kg) is much higher than the concentration of these elements in global soils. In addition, Cu, Pb, Zn, V and Cr show much higher concentrations than standard Chinese and Canadian standards. Calculation of the enrichment coefficient of the mentioned elements in soil samples indicates high enrichment of Cu (8.32), Pb (5.42), Zn (7.04), St (5.15), V (5.04), and Cr (5.34). The results of the present study indicate that the soils of the region are contaminated with Cu, Pb, V, Mn and Zn. Therefore, it is suggested to reduce metals in the environment by different methods.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Heavy metals
  • Soil pollution
  • Industrial activities
  • enrichment index
  • Geoaccumulation Index
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