نشریه علمی - پژوهشی مرتع و آبخیزداری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

2 گروه کار آفرینی، نوآوری و سیستم‌های یادگیری، دانشکده مهندسی صنایع و سیستم ها، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

3 گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران

10.22059/jrwm.2024.370152.1738

چکیده

به منظور دستیابی به مناسبات کارآمد سیاست‌گذاری؛ نخست اصلاح شبکه تصمیم‌گیری منابع آب، تعدیل قدرت نهادهای دولتی و درگیر نمودن تشکل-های ذی‌نفعان، سازمان‌های مردم نهاد و دانشگاهیان و دلسوزان حوزه آب و محیط‌زیست، جهت احیای حکمرانی آب در کشور ضروری است. در این بین تصمیم‌گیری مشارکتی در حوزه مدیریت منابع آب می‌تواند به بهبود فرآیندهای تصمیم‌گیری و افزایش قابلیت اجرای تصمیمات مرتبط با مدیریت آب کمک کند. از اینرو هدف اصلی این پژوهش تبیین وضعیت موجود و مطلوب فرآیند تصمیم‌گیری مشارکتی مدیریت منابع آب قرار گرفته است. برای جمع‌آوری اطلاعات مربوط به نمونه تحقیق از پرسشنامه ارائه شده برنامه اسکان بشر سازمان ملل متحد استفاده شده است. نتایج نشان داد که در بعد نهادینه سازی بیشترین تفاوت بین وضعیت موجود و مطلوب مشاهده شده است. همچنین بطور کلی بررسی وضعیت موجود فرآیند تصمیم‌گیری مشارکتی (تحلیل عاملی تاییدی) نشان داد که بعد اجرا دارای بیشترین اهمیت نسبی در تبیین فرآیند تصمیم‌گیری مشارکتی بود؛ این امر نشان از اهمیت بعد انسانی در این رابطه است که کل فرآیند مدیریت تصمیم‌گیری راتحت الشعاع قرار میدهد و سودمندی نتایج بستگی به کیفیت ارتباطات و راهبردهای مشارکتی دارد. برنامه‌ریزی لازم در این خصوص باید بواسطه بررسی تنوع منابع اطلاعاتی و تعیین اولویت‌ها، با توجه به منابع اطلاعاتی و تعیین استراتژی‌ها، تدوین گردیده و با تاکید بر ظرفیت و تعهد جامعه و افراد هدف اجرا شود و در آخر ظرفیت ذینفعان و پیوندهای میان آنان برای مشارکت هر چه بیشترآنان جهت نهادینه‌سازی اقدامات صورت گرفته؛ مدنظر قرارگیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Analysis of the participatory decision-making process of water resources management

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fatemeh Sheidaei 1
  • Elham Akbari 2
  • Shahla Choobchian 1
  • Mohammad Sadegh Allahyari 3
  • Enayat Abbasi 1

1 Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, College of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran

2 Faculty of Industrial Engeneering & Systems, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran

3 Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, College of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Rasht Branch, Rasht, Iran

چکیده [English]

To achieve effective policy relations; First, it is necessary to reform the decision-making network of water resources, adjust the power of government institutions, and involve stakeholder organizations, non-governmental organizations, academics, and those who care about water and the environment to restore water governance in the country. In the meantime, participatory decision-making in the field of water resources management can help improve decision-making processes and increase the ability to implement decisions related to water management. Therefore, the main goal of this research was to explain the current and desired state of the participatory decision-making process of water resources management. The questionnaire provided by United Nations Human Settlements program was used to collect data. The findings indicate that the most significant disparity between the present and desired conditions was observed in the institutionalization aspect. Also, in general, the investigation of the current state of the participatory decision-making process (confirmatory factor analysis) showed that the implementation dimension had the greatest relative importance in explaining the participatory decision-making process; This shows the importance of the human dimension in this relationship, which overshadows the entire decision-making management process, and the usefulness of the results depends on the quality of communication and collaborative strategies. Necessary planning in this regard should be developed by examining the variety of information sources and determining priorities, according to information sources and determining strategies, and should be implemented with emphasis on the capacity and commitment of the target community and individuals. Furthermore, efforts have been made to institutionalize these measures, which should not be overlooked.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Planning
  • Decision-making
  • Stakeholders
  • Participation
  • Governance
Abadi, B., & Kelboro, G. (2023). Interaction of Farmers with Natural Ecosystems: The Role of Farmers' Decisions about the Conservation of Qare Gheshlaq Wetland. Environment and Water Engineering9(3), 427-436. (In Persian).
Alam, K. (2011). Public attitudes toward restoration of impaired river ecosystems: does resident’s attachment to place matter. Journal of Urban Ecosystems, 14(4), 635-653. DOI 10.1007/s11252-011-0176-5
Alambeigi, A., & Akbari, M.R. (2018). Introduction to Structural Equation Modeling - Partial Least Squares (PLS-SEM). First edition, University of Tehran. (In Persian).
Anbari, M. J., & Zarghami, M. (2019). An Agent-Based Model to Improve Groundwater Resources Conditions with a Participatory Approach in the Shabestar-Sofian Plain. Iran-Water Resources Research15(2), 73-87. (In Persian).
Bonsón, E. Torres, L. Royo, S., & Flores-Munoz, F. (2012). Local e-government 2.0: social media and corporate transparency in municipalities. Government Information Quarterly, 29. 123-132
Boukhris, I. Ayachi, R. Elouedi, Z. Mellouli, N.B. Amor, N.B (2016). Decision model for policymakers in the context of citizen's engagement: Application on participatory budgeting. Social Science Computer Review, 34 (6) (2016), pp. 740-756, 10.1177/0894439315618882.
Brandes, O. (2005). At a watershed: ecological governance and sustainable water management. Canada. Journal of Environmental Law and Practice, 16 (1), 79–97.
Brien, R. (2001). Enabling civil society participation in global policy-making: The APC and the United Nations. Association for Progressive Communications.
Carr, G., Blöschl, G., & Loucks, D. P. (2012). Evaluating participation in water resource management: A review. Water Resources Research, 48(11).
Chang, I. S., Zhao, M., Chen, Y., Guo, X., Zhu, Y., Wu, J., & Yuan, T. (2020). Evaluation on the integrated water resources management in China’s major cities--Based on City Approach. Journal of Cleaner Production, 262, 121410.
Correia, D. Eduardo Feio, J, Marques, J & Teixeira, L. (2023). Participatory methodology guidelines to promote citizens participation in decision-making: Evidence based on a Portuguese case study. Cities. 135, 104213. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2023.104213
Correia, D. Feio, J. Teixeira, L., & Marques, J.L. (2021). The inclusion of citizens in smart cities policymaking: The potential role of development studies’ participatory methodologies. N. Streitz, S. Konomi (Eds.), Distributed, ambient and pervasive interactions, Springer Nature Switzerland AG (2021), 10.1007/978-3-030-77015-0_3
Correia, D., & Feio, J. (2020). The Smart City as a social policy actor. International conferences ICT, society, and human beings.
Craps, M. (2003). Social Learning in River Basin Management, Report of work package 2 of the HarmoniCOP project. Centre for Organizational and Personnel Psychology. Prepared under contract from the European Commission Contract No. EVK1-CT-2002-00120 Deliverable no. 3a
De Stefano, L., de Pedraza Gilsanz, J., & Villarroya Gil, F., (2010). A methodology for the evaluation of water policies in European countries. Journal of Environmental Management, 45 (6), 1363-1377. DOI: 10.1007/s00267-010-9492-4
Diaz-Diaz, R., & Perez-Gonzalez. D. (2016). Implementation of social media concepts for e-government: A case study of a social media tool for value co-creation and citizen participation. Journal of Organizational and End User Computing, 28 (3), pp. 104-121, 10.4018/JOEUC.2016070107
Gehrig, J., and Rogers, M. (2009). Water and Conflict, Incorporating Peace Building into Water Development. Edited by Dennis Warner, Chris Seremet, and Tom Bamat. Catholic Relief Services.
Ghochanian, M., & FASHAEE, M. (2022). Water Resources Management Indicators Focusing on Governance (Conceptual). Journal of water and sustainable development, 9(1), 1-10. SID. (In Persian)
Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., Sarstedt, M., Danks, N. P., & Ray, S. (2021). Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) Using R: A Workbook.
Hair, J. F., Risher, J. J., Sarstedt, M., & Ringle, C. M. (2019). When to use and how to report the results of PLS-SEM. European Business Review, 31(1), 2-24.
Halbe, J., Pahl-Wostl, C., & Adamowski, J. (2018). A methodological framework to support the initiation, design, and institutionalization of participatory modeling processes in water resources management. Journal of Hydrology, 556, 701-716.
Harper, C., & Snowden, M. (2017). Environment and society: Human perspectives on environmental issues. Routledge. Environment and Society. pp466. DOI https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315463254
Hassenforder, E., Clavreul, D., Akhmouch, A., & Ferrand, N. (2019). What’s the middle ground? Institutionalized vs. emerging water-related stakeholder engagement processes. International Journal of Water Resources Development, 35(3), 525-542.
Head, B.W. (2010). Water policy evidence, learning and the governance of uncertainty. Policy and Society, 29 (2), 171–180. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polsoc.2010.03.007
Hedelin, B., Gray, S., Woehlke, S., BenDor, T. K., Singer, A., Jordan, R., & Sterling, E. (2021). What's left before participatory modeling can fully support real-world environmental planning processes: A case study review. Environmental Modelling & Software, 143, 105073.
Hill, M. (2013). Water governance in the context of IWRM: Switzerland. Journal of Climate Change and Water Governance, Springer, Netherlands. 54, 125-140.
Huang, L., YIN, Y. and Du, D., 2015. Testing a participatory integrated assessment (PIA) approach to select climate change adaptation actions to enhance wetland sustainability: The case of Poyang Lake region in China. Journal of Advances in Climate Change Research. 6: 141-150.
Iran water management think tank. (2014). Preliminary assessment of the country's water governance, Iran's water planning think tank. (In Persian)
Jiménez, A., LeDeunff, H., Giné, R., Sjödin, J., Cronk, R., Murad, S., & Bartram, J. (2019). The enabling environment for participation in water and sanitation: A conceptual framework. Water, 11(2), 308.
Jonch-Clausen, T., & Fugl, J. (2010). Firming up the conceptual basis of integrated water resources management. International Journal of Water Resources Development, 17(4). 501-510. doi.org/10.1080/07900620120094055
Katusiime, J., & Schütt, B. (2020). Integrated water resources management approaches to improve water resources governance. Water, 12(12), 3424.
Michels, A. (2016). Arguments for involving the public in water management: evidence from local and regional water plans in the Netherlands. Water Policy, 18(4), 918-931.
Mitchell, B. (2015). Water risk management, governance, IWRM, and implementation. Risk Governance, Springer. 317-335.
Mitchell, B. (2012). Water resources management, integrated (IWRM). The Berkshire Encyclopedia of Sustainability, Berkshire publishing group. 413-416.
Mitchell, B. (2011). The implementation gap: from policy to action. Cunningham, D., Coates, L., Harris, M., (Eds.), Water Innovation Forum Report: A Competitive and Innovative Agriculture Sector. Lawrence National Centre for Policy and Management, London. 56-59.
Mueller, J. Lu, H. Chirkin, A. Klein, B., & Schmitt, G. (2018). Citizen Design Science: A strategy for crowd-creative urban design. Cities, 72 (August 2017) (2018), pp. 181-188, 10.1016/j.cities.2017.08.018
Nielsen, H. O., Frederiksen, P., Saarikoski, H., Rytkönen, A. M., & Pedersen, A. B. (2013). How different institutional arrangements promote integrated river basin management Evidence from the Baltic Sea Region. Land Use Policy, 30 (1), 437-445.
Oliveira, A., & Campolargo. M. (2015). From smart cities to human smart cities. 48th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. Political Science (2015), 10.1109/HICSS.2015.281
Paudel, N. R. (2009). A critical account of policy implementation theories: status and reconsideration. Nepalese Journal of Public Policy and Governance, 25 (2), 36-54. DOI: 10.13165/VPA-16-15-4-02
Phan, T. D., Bertone, E., & Stewart, R. A. (2021). A critical review of system dynamics modeling applications for water resources planning and management. Cleaner Environmental Systems, 2, 100031.
Rasuli, N., & Trabi, M. (2010). Step by step with Smart Smart-Pls Version 3. Tehran. Golden authors. (In Persian).
Sadoway, D., & Univerisity. C. (2018). Prioritizing citizens in Smart Cities governance: Examples of Smart Citizenship from Urban India. The Journal of Community Informatics. 10(3). DOI:10.15353/joci. v10i3.3447
Saleth, R. M. (2004). Introduction to special section on river basin management: economics management and policy. Water Resource. Res, 40.
Salim, F, & Haque, U. (2015). Urban computing in the wild: A survey on large scale participation and citizen engagement with ubiquitous computing, cyber-physical systems, and Internet of Things. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 81 (2015), pp. 31-48.
Samian, M., Mahdei, K. N., Saadi, H., & Movahedi, R. (2014). Identifying factors affecting optimal management of agricultural water. Journal of the Saudi Society of Agricultural Sciences, 14(1), 11-18.
Singto, C., Fleskens, L., & Vos, J. (2018). Institutionalizing participation in water resource development: Bottom-up and top-down practices in southern Thailand. Water, 10(6), 781.
Stoker, G. (2006). Public value management: A new narrative for networked governance? American Review of Public Administration, 36 (1) (2006), pp. 41-57.
Szarek-Iwaniuk, P., & Senetra, A. (2020). Access to ICT in Poland and the co-creation of urban space in the process of modern social participation in a smart city case study. Sustainability, 12 (5).
Trencher, G. (2019). Towards the smart city 2. 0: Empirical evidence of using smartness as a tool for tackling social challenges. Technological Forecasting & Social Change, 142, pp. 117-128.
UN-HABITAT, From Participation to Partnership; Lessons from UMP City Consultations, Published for the Urban Management Programme by UNCHS (Habitat), 11(4).
Videira, N., Antunes, P., Santos, R., & Lobo, G. (2006). Public and stakeholder participation in European water policy: a critical review of project evaluation processes. European Environment, 16 (1), 19-31.
Wolf, M., Borges, J.L., & Marques, E. Castro. (2019). smarter decisions for smarter cities: Lessons learned from strategic plans. 7-30.
World Meteorological Organization. (2009). Guide to Hydrological Practices. Management of Water Resources and Application of Hydrological Practices. World Meteorological Organization, Geneve. II.3-1–II.3-5