Hossein Norouzi; Asghar Asghari Moghaddam
Abstract
the existence of about 6,000 wells in the plain and the extraction of groundwater resources has led to a sharp decrease in the water table and consequently, an increase in the salinity of the aquifer. For this purpose, 27 samples of Malekan water resources were collected and hydrochemical properties ...
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the existence of about 6,000 wells in the plain and the extraction of groundwater resources has led to a sharp decrease in the water table and consequently, an increase in the salinity of the aquifer. For this purpose, 27 samples of Malekan water resources were collected and hydrochemical properties were analyzed. The results of the analysis were compared with the lake water sample with respect to the hydrochemical characteristics of the main elements. Salinity increasing and saltwater intrusion into the aquifer was investigated using geophysical methods, geochemical diagrams, as well as various ion ratios. The results showed that salinity increases in the aquifers around Urmia Lake is related to the low slope at the end of the plains and its ultra-fine grain sediments, which, as a result, when groundwater flow collide with such sediments, their movement slow down and water raised to the surface via capillary action. Finally shallow groundwater cause to intense evaporation and increasing groundwater salinity. Moreover, In addition, the distribution of surface currents in the ends of the plain leads to evaporation and the formation of salt crops, and high exploitation leads to the gradual flow of water to upstream of the aquifer. The presence of the salty sludge from ancient lakes beneath the alluvial and salts formations with high exploitation and decreasing of groundwater levels leads to upconing in the lower layers of clay formations and reaching the saltwater to the wells.
hossein norouzi; ataallah nadiri
Abstract
123
Groundwater system studies to understanding its behavior, requires the exploratory drilling wells, pumping test and geophysical experiments, which can carried out with most cost. For this reason, simulation of groundwater flows by mathematical and computer models, which is an indirect method to ...
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123
Groundwater system studies to understanding its behavior, requires the exploratory drilling wells, pumping test and geophysical experiments, which can carried out with most cost. For this reason, simulation of groundwater flows by mathematical and computer models, which is an indirect method to groundwater studies, is being spent a few costs. In this research, the efficiency of artificial neural network, fuzzy logic and random forest models has been investigated in groundwater level estimation of Boukan plain. Parameters of precipitation, temperature, flow rate and water level within time period of the previous month were used as input and the water table in each period were selected as output through monthly scale (2006-2017). To evaluating the performance of models, Correlation coefficient, root mean square error and coefficient of mean absolute error were used. The results showed that the Fuzzy Logic and Random Forest models are able to estimate water levels with acceptable accuracy. In terms of accuracy, fuzzy logic model with the highest correlation coefficient (0.96), lowest root mean square error (0.068 m0) and mean absolute error (0.056 m) was recognized as a best the model in the groundwater level prediction.
