Ardavan Ghorbani; Shahin Shafaee; Mehdi Moameri; Akbar Ghavidel; Ehsan Zandi
Abstract
The aim of this study was conducted to investigate the effect of 25 years old exclosure on the function of aerial and underground organs of Trifolium pratense since may to july of 2017. Three sites inside and three outside of the exclosure were selected in the rangelands in Shoghaldare- Namin rangelands, ...
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The aim of this study was conducted to investigate the effect of 25 years old exclosure on the function of aerial and underground organs of Trifolium pratense since may to july of 2017. Three sites inside and three outside of the exclosure were selected in the rangelands in Shoghaldare- Namin rangelands, Ardabil. Three transects with the length of 100 meters were established in each site and from 10 plots of 1 m2 vegetation characteristics including total production, canopy percentage and forbs canopy were estimated. In order to select T. pratense stand and measure the selected parameters (to study the effect of exclosure on the function of different organs of T. pratense), in addition to previous transects, in each site was randomly established 3 transect of 50 meters. Along each transect, 10 random points and in each point the nearest plant was selected. Length of root, stem, inflorescence, plant height and basal diameter of T. pratense were recorded. Moreover, the inflorescences, stems and roots of the selected T. pratense were cut and after air-drying, they were weighed with a precision scale. Results showed that the total production in the exclosure (2413/06 kg/ha) has significant difference (p < 0/01) with the outside of exclosure (963/84 kg/ha). The production of T. pratense inside exclosure (99.83 kg/ha) has also significant difference (p < 0/01) with outside the exclosure (22.75 kg/ha). Interaction of exclosure and elevation has significant effect on canopy cover (forbs and total), number of inflorescences, basal diameter, weight of plant organs (p < 0/01) and recovery effort (p < 0/05).
sahar ghafari; Ardavan Ghorbani; mehdi moameri; Raoof Mostafazadeh; Mahmood Bidar lord; Azad Kakemami
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of topographic, edaphic, climatic and landscape metrices on the distribution of plant communities in the altitude gradient of Moghan-Sabalan rangelands in Ardebil province. To determine and study the ecological species groups, 28 sites and 840 one ...
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The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of topographic, edaphic, climatic and landscape metrices on the distribution of plant communities in the altitude gradient of Moghan-Sabalan rangelands in Ardebil province. To determine and study the ecological species groups, 28 sites and 840 one square meter sampling plots were samples by the random systematic method. To determine soil factors, soil samples were collected from each site from 0–15 and 15-30 cm depth and physicochemical parameters were measured at the lab. Using TWINSPAN, vegetation of the study area was classified and then PCA and CCA were used to investigate the relationship between species and environmental factors. According to TWINSPAN results, four ecological groups were identified. The first ecological group is located in the opposite direction of elevation, slope, rainfall and patch area gradients, and the same direction with pH, clay and dispersible clay (the first depth), bulk density, edge density and patch area (coefficient of variation). The second and third ecological groups are located in the interfaces of the first and fourth ecological groups in terms of plant composition and environmental conditions. These two groups prefer the middle elevations. The fourth ecological group at the end of the elevation, rainfall, slope, patch area and inverse direction of clay and dispersible clay (the first depth) and typically prefer high altitudes and light texture soils.
Sahar Samadi Khangah; Mehdi Moameri; Masoome Abbasi Khalaki
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the ecological factors affecting the distribution of four Trifolium repense, T. pratense, T. micranthum and T. compestre species in Fandoghlou rangelands of Namin county in Ardabil province. Sampling was conducted in six sites with the presence and absence of ...
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The aim of this study was to investigate the ecological factors affecting the distribution of four Trifolium repense, T. pratense, T. micranthum and T. compestre species in Fandoghlou rangelands of Namin county in Ardabil province. Sampling was conducted in six sites with the presence and absence of species at random. Topographic, climatic, land cover and density of selected species were recorded. From each transect, soil samples were taken from the root activity depth the parameters of acidity, electrical conductivity, soil texture, lime, calcium, magnesium, sodium, phosphorus, potassium, organic matter, propagated clay and soil moisture content were measured. A significant difference was observed between the environmental factors on presence and absence of studied species by one-way ANOVA and comparison of the mean of the measured characteristics with Duncan test. To determine the importance of the variables in different sites and the species distribution, Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) was used. Results showed that there were significant different between the factors of electrical conductivity, slope, sodium, organic matter (p<0.01) and factors of elevation, rainfall, temperature, acidity, potassium, phosphorus, clay, silt, dispersible clay and bare soil (p<0.05) in sites of presence and absence of species. According to the results of the LDA, four functions were justified as 78.50, 15.60, 5.80, 0.10 %, respectively and totally 100% of the total variance of the data were justified. Four factors (temperature, electrical conductivity, potassium and clay) were identified as the most important factors in the distribution of the T. repense, T. pratense, T. micranthum, T. compestre species.
zahra Abdolalizadeh; Ardavan Ghorbani; Raoof Mostafazadeh; Mehdi Moameri
Abstract
The purpose of this research is to facilitate the quantitative evaluation of various ecological factors in determining the rangeland condition by four-factors method and six-factors method using mainly structural variables of vegetation. In this study, the condition of 28 sites located in the northern ...
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The purpose of this research is to facilitate the quantitative evaluation of various ecological factors in determining the rangeland condition by four-factors method and six-factors method using mainly structural variables of vegetation. In this study, the condition of 28 sites located in the northern part of Ardebil province was determined by 4 and 6 factors methods, separately for grassland and shrubland habitats, and some parameters of vegetation were quantitatively measured. The results of condition determination were compared in the two mentioned methods. Finally, using Pearson correlation test, the relationship between variables of vegetation and the scores of rangeland condition were compared and regression relations were extracted. The results indicated that the average score of the rangeland condition in the modified four-factors in both grasslands and shrublands (69 and 60 scores, respectively) was higher than the six-factors method (64 and 54 respectively), and paired t-test comparison showed a significant difference (P≤ 0.05) between the two methods. Also, the results showed that variables such as canopy cover of decreasing specious canopy cover, forbs canopy cover, annual forbs canopy cover and production had the most significant positive relationship (P≤ 0.05), and the variables of invaders and pebble-gravel cover had the highest negative correlation (P≤ 0.05) with rangeland condition. The results of extraction of multivariate linear regression models by step-by-step method showed strong relationship (R2=68.46-88.41) between evaluated variables with condition score. Also, validation analysis of the models indicated the ability of both methods to predict the rangeland condition score.
ardavan ghorbani; Farid Dadjoo; null null; Mahmood Bidar lord
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationships between aboveground net primary production (ANPP) and environmental factors (such as elevation above sea level, slope, aspect, compound topographic index, seasonal and annual precipitation, seasonal and annual temperature) which was carried ...
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The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationships between aboveground net primary production (ANPP) and environmental factors (such as elevation above sea level, slope, aspect, compound topographic index, seasonal and annual precipitation, seasonal and annual temperature) which was carried out in the rangelands of Hir and Neur in Ardebil province. Initially, considering the vegetation types and different classes of environmental factors, at the maximum vegetative growth stage, using one square meter plot with clipping and weighing (harvesting) method ANPP was estimated. Using digital elevation model (DEM) map, the maps of slope, aspect, elevation classes and topographic index were extracted. In addition, using gradient equations (calculated from the study areas stations) the seasonal and annual precipitation and temperature maps were extracted. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to evaluate the factors between different sites. Then, to determine the most important environmental factors affecting on the ANPP changes, the principal component analysis (PCA) was used. Also, the ANPP map prepared using regression equation in GIS. The results showed that the variables are significantly different in sampling sites (P<0.01). The results of PCA indicated that the components of one (include annual precipitation, annual temperature, elevation) and two (include slope) with 76.10% had the most effect on ANPP. Also, ANPP map prepared using the extracted regression equation and the accuracy of the map was 0.71, which indicates the validity of the model.
Elnaz Hassanzadeh Kuhsareh; ardavan ghorbani; Mehdi Moameri; kazem hashemi majd; Ardeshir pounemati
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of altitude, slope, aspect and topographic index on life forms and total net primary production (NPP) in mountains meadows in Fandoghlou in Namin county in Ardabil province. NPP in three altitude, slope, topographic index classes and four aspect ...
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The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of altitude, slope, aspect and topographic index on life forms and total net primary production (NPP) in mountains meadows in Fandoghlou in Namin county in Ardabil province. NPP in three altitude, slope, topographic index classes and four aspect classes was estimated using one m2 plots (totally 180 plots) by harvesting and weighting method. Correlation between life forms and total NPP with topographic factors were analyzed using stepwise multivariate regression method and using derived regression equations, the maps of NPP were derived. Results show that different topographic factors has significant effects on forbs (p<0.01) and grasses (p<0.01), however on total NPP have no significant effects. The highest NPP of forbs (1584/1 Kg/ha) and total NPP (2339/3 Kg/ha) were observed in the second altitude (1525-1564 m) but has no significant effect on grasses. The NPP of grasses show direct relationship with slope, however the NPP of forbs were decreased with the increase of slope and has no significant effect on total NPP. The highest amount of grasses (894/3 kg/ha) and forbs (1875/5 Kg/ha) were observed in the south and northwest aspect, respectively. According to the various classes of topographic index, the maximum amount of grasses (853/4 Kg/ha) were observed in the first classes and the highest NPP of forbs (1568/6 Kg/ha) on the third classes. The results of this study can be used to balance the amount of biomass, carbon, the supply and demand of and to plan for proper rangeland management.
Masoomeh Abbasi Khalaki; Ardavan Ghorbani; Sahar Samadi Khanghah
Abstract
Seed priming is a technique by which the seeds of the conditions before getting on their bed and ecological environment in terms of physiological and biochemical readiness to receive germination. Experiment was conducted using a completely randomized design in summer 2015 in rangeland laboratory– ...
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Seed priming is a technique by which the seeds of the conditions before getting on their bed and ecological environment in terms of physiological and biochemical readiness to receive germination. Experiment was conducted using a completely randomized design in summer 2015 in rangeland laboratory– University of Mohaghegh Ardebili. Treatments include: osmopriming (primed with KNO3 with the Concentration of 0.3 and 0.2 %), hormopriming (primed with GA3 with the concentration of 500 and 1000 ppm) and control (distilled water). Drought stress was applied by using solution of PEG-6000 with three levels of 0, -6 and -12 bar. Analysis of variance showed that the osmopriming and hormopriming treatments and levels of drought stress had significant difference (p<0.01) on germination and early seedling growth of F. ovina in germination percentage, germination rate, root and shoot length, vigor index, allometric coefficient and mean germination time. In general, osmopriming had more desirable performance compared with hormopriming and control. Except allometric coefficient in other Indicators, NO3 0.2 % in drought 0, has had the most impact on germination and early growth of these species.
ardavan ghorbani; ardeshir pour nematy; zohreh sadat ghasemi; aliakbar shokuhian
Abstract
The aim of this study was identifying the effects of environmental factors on the distribution ofDactylisglomerataand Thymus kotschyanusin rangelands of Khalkhal and Kosar counties in the southern part of Ardabil province. From 111 selected sites, random systematic sampling was done using five 1m2 plots ...
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The aim of this study was identifying the effects of environmental factors on the distribution ofDactylisglomerataand Thymus kotschyanusin rangelands of Khalkhal and Kosar counties in the southern part of Ardabil province. From 111 selected sites, random systematic sampling was done using five 1m2 plots along a 40 m transect. In all sites, land cover parameters including stone and gravel percentage, bare soil, litter, and density of selected species were recorded. Soil samples were taken from the 0 to 30 cm of soil surface of each transect. Soil parameters including pH, organic carbon, potassium, phosphorus, electrical conductivity, Sand, Clay, and Silt were measured. One way ANOVA was used to study the significance of relationship between the effective environmental factors on the presence and absence of the selected species.Duncan's test was used to compare the measured factors.To determine the importance of measured variables on the distribution of selected species and grouping of sampling sites, canonical discriminant analysis was used. Results showed that variables of elevation, slope, temperature, rainfall, stone, gravel, litter, electrical conductivity are significantly different when species exist in contrast to the time that it does not exist (p<0.01). D. glomerata is mostly distributed on north aspect, and on sloppy areas, and the areas with the high litter, clay and organic matter, and T. kotschyanus is mostly distributed on west aspect, and on the areas with the high amount of sand, stone and gravel, and silt that create a good condition for the growth of this species. According to the results of canonical discriminant analysis, two functions with 77.8 and 22.2% and they explained totally 100% of the variance of data, and generally 94/4% of grouped cases, were correctly classified. Overall, the results of canonical discriminant analysis show that electrical conductivity, litter, precipitation, temperature, elevation, potassium, silt and bare soil are the most important variables in the distribution of D. glomerata and T. kotschyanus. Considering these results, better decisions can be made about management, restoration, and reclamation of rangelands.
