Mehdi Ghorbani; Seyed Amirhossein Garakani; Mina Hamidi; Sajad Amiri; Majid Rahimi
Abstract
Social capital is defined as a set of relationships, networks, trust, needs, and participatory systems within a society that enables it to confront challenges and improve the living conditions of its members. This study was conducted to analyze the intra-group social capital in three villages: Eskelabad, ...
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Social capital is defined as a set of relationships, networks, trust, needs, and participatory systems within a society that enables it to confront challenges and improve the living conditions of its members. This study was conducted to analyze the intra-group social capital in three villages: Eskelabad, Eslamabad Kalleh-ye Espid, and Chah-e Ahmad in Tafatan city. Given the importance of participatory management and strengthening social capital, analyzing the link between trust and participation among individuals in these villages is essential. The network analysis method was used to examine the links of trust and participation among individuals and villages of interest. The results before the project implementation showed low levels of trust, participation, cohesion, and social capital. However, after the project implementation, these indicators improved, and trust, participation, and the speed of interaction among individuals increased. The project implementation has led to increased unity and cohesion among village residents, increasing the intra-group social capital. In other words, improved communications have led to increased social welfare and the expansion of trust and participation among the residents.
Meisam Alizadeh; Shafagh Rastgar; Jamshid Ghorbani
Abstract
The positive economic and social effectiveness of rangeland restoration projects activates the process of sustainable development and leads local communities to sustainable prosperity. The purpose of this study is to assess the socio-economic and environmental effectiveness of restored rangelands with ...
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The positive economic and social effectiveness of rangeland restoration projects activates the process of sustainable development and leads local communities to sustainable prosperity. The purpose of this study is to assess the socio-economic and environmental effectiveness of restored rangelands with Atriplex canescens plantation in Mallard county, Tehran province, Iran. The descriptive-analytical research method based on questionnaire was applied within the statistical population including 65 experts, 132 pastoralists and 29 local communities. The selection of samples was random and sample size were determined using Cochran's formula for three groups of experts (55), pastoralists (99) and local communities (27). To determine the validity of the questionnaire, a group of experts were used and Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to estimate the reliability of the questionnaire. Also, Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare opinions of the studied statistical societies. The results of the comparison of economic, social and environmental indicators showed that A. canescens plantation had a significant effect on social index and had no effect on the other two indicators. Social- environmental effectiveness of planting A.canescens is related to increasing livestock products and improving the condition of ranching, According to pastoralists, the greatest economic, social and environmental effectiveness from planting A.canescens has been related to increasing livestock products and improving the condition of ranching, increasing the level of public awareness. In general, results of effectiveness planting from the point of view of all three groups are close to each other and they often agree on the effectiveness of planting Atriplex. This alignment in thinking of plantation will lead to success in the implementation of projects and the achievement of goals and perspective,.
Ghasem Ghoohestani; Salman Zare; Hamed Rafiei; Sepideh Ravasizadeh; Akbar Ryahi; farhad sardari
Abstract
Low income level of local communities is one of the causes of natural land degradation. Implementation of moringa peregrina cultivation development plan in the desert areas of southern Iran leads to its economic development. The economic level required by every rural household has become. The research ...
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Low income level of local communities is one of the causes of natural land degradation. Implementation of moringa peregrina cultivation development plan in the desert areas of southern Iran leads to its economic development. The economic level required by every rural household has become. The research data were extracted from the moringa peregrina development plan prepared by the Forests, Rangelands and Watershed Management Organization and all data were calculated in the base year of 1400. Due to the limited land and the need for an appropriate criterion for the participation of each rural household, the minimum economic level was determined in each of the executive areas. Determining the minimum economic level using the financial evaluation of the project, financial indicators of net present value (NPV), Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR), internal rate of return (IRR) and return on investment (ROI) for the duration of the project from 1400 to 1420 Was examined. Considering the location and topography of the region in general, financial indicators indicate the appropriateness and profitability of the project. Taking into account the average costs of each household in the village of Sistan and Baluchestan province in the implementation of the plan of minimum economic level in plain areas (0.8 hectares), flat areas (3.24 hectares), terrace areas (4.48 hectares), areas Mahour hill (11.08 hectares) and mountainous and impassable areas (6.21 hectares) have been estimated. The minimum level obtained can provide decision makers with valuable information for desert land management in areas prone to moringa peregrina cultivation.
S.Mahdi Taghipour; Shahram Khalighi Sigaroodi; Amir Alambaigi
Abstract
All rural and nomadic communities reside in natural watershed areas and, based on the specific climatic and geological conditions that each catchment area has, they are useful for living. Today, there is a danger to the livelihoods of non-residents as well as climate change caused by human activities, ...
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All rural and nomadic communities reside in natural watershed areas and, based on the specific climatic and geological conditions that each catchment area has, they are useful for living. Today, there is a danger to the livelihoods of non-residents as well as climate change caused by human activities, in other words, global warming due to the burning of fossil fuels. Accordingly, in this study, using the indices defined in the natural, social, physical, human and economic parameters, we examine the amount of five effective capital in the capacity of watershed adaptation to the climate change phenomenon in the three villages of Haji Abad, Gisur and Noodat Pashang In Gonabad city. In this study, due to climate homogeneity, 3 villages in the dry climate of Gonabad city have been selected. In this research, based on the questionnaire, the size of each of the five indicators and the organized interviews with the target groups in the three villages of the desert region were 3.13, 3.39, 3.14, 3.26, 7.2 was calculated. Also, using the Freeman test, it was found that there is a significant difference between different capital, which, respectively, social, human, physical, natural and economic, have the greatest impact on the capacity of aquaculture adaptation, so it is better to solve The watershed problem has used social and human capital to inflate other (physical, natural, and economic) capital
