Maedeh Omidi nowbijar; Hossein Barani; Mohammad Rahim Forouzeh; Ahmad Abedi Sarvestani
Abstract
Throughout history, humans have harnessed the healing power of plants and animals, accumulating invaluable knowledge about their therapeutic benefits. Today, the rise in side effects of modern medicine, the urgent need for new drug discovery, and the potential loss of indigenous wisdom necessitate documenting ...
Read More
Throughout history, humans have harnessed the healing power of plants and animals, accumulating invaluable knowledge about their therapeutic benefits. Today, the rise in side effects of modern medicine, the urgent need for new drug discovery, and the potential loss of indigenous wisdom necessitate documenting this knowledge. This research aimed to record the traditional treatment practices of stockbreeders in eastern Gilan, Iran, relying on ethnographic methods like direct observation, participatory observation, and semi-structured interviews conducted in rural and nomadic communities. The results were classified into four sections: medicinal and edible plants, animal products, minerals, and other measures. Stockbreeders utilize 52 medicinal plants from 28 families, primarily for treating digestive, respiratory, infectious, kidney, heart, wound, and fracture ailments. Milk and its products are important for digestive, skin, and hair health. Minerals like mountain soil are used to treat kidney diseases and wounds. Quantitative analysis is crucial in studying traditional therapies and can lead to the discovery of new bioactive compounds for clinical trials. Documenting indigenous treatment methods and passing them on to future generations strengthens scientific knowledge, preserves our rich medical heritage, and provides a valuable source of treatment options.
Javad Motamedi; Ali Mohebi; Kambiz Alizadeh
Abstract
Background: Coping with climate change (CC) is part of the way to face this phenomenon. This depends on the understanding of CC and the degree of adaptability to it.Objective: The research was conducted with the aim of measuring the level of nomads' understanding (NU) of CCe and their adaptation strategies ...
Read More
Background: Coping with climate change (CC) is part of the way to face this phenomenon. This depends on the understanding of CC and the degree of adaptability to it.Objective: The research was conducted with the aim of measuring the level of nomads' understanding (NU) of CCe and their adaptation strategies (AS) in the face of CC.Research method: The research was descriptive and the data collection tool was a questionnaire whose items were obtained based on interviews.Findings: NU of the effects of CC is not the same. According to them, CC has had the most obvious impact on vegetation. The priority of AS is also different in the face of CC. A positive relationship was observed between understanding the effects of CC and the degree of adaptability in facing CC. Nomads who had a better understanding of the effects of CC have used livestock management strategies to adapt to it. Age and history of animal husbandry had a positive relationship with the level of understanding of the effects of CC. A negative and significant relationship was also observed between the number of animals and the degree of compatibility.Conclusion: The NU of CC and its effects on the ecology of the environment is an important starting point in dealing with the negative effects of CC and choosing appropriate strategies to adapt or deal with it. So that the selection of suitable adaptation methods by the nomads reduces the vulnerability of CC on the condition of livestock and rangeland.
Samira Amoie; Mohammaadreza Tatian; Ghodratolah Heydari
Abstract
This study investigates the effective factors in land-holders use of 4 tree species including: Acer velutinum, Quercus castaneifolia, Carpinus betulus, Diospyrus lotus and 4 species of shrubs including Mespilus germanica, Prunus cerasifera , Celtis australis and ALbizia julibrissin to feed livestock ...
Read More
This study investigates the effective factors in land-holders use of 4 tree species including: Acer velutinum, Quercus castaneifolia, Carpinus betulus, Diospyrus lotus and 4 species of shrubs including Mespilus germanica, Prunus cerasifera , Celtis australis and ALbizia julibrissin to feed livestock and determine their nutritional value in livestock places of forest regions around Javaherdeh village in Ramsar city of Mazandaran province at the end of leaf growth stage. In order to perform sampling in a stage vegetative growth was done randomly. Then the green leaves which were dried in the open air and sized were transferred to the laboratory. The aim was to determine forage quality including: parameters of crude protein (CP), phosphorus (P), nitrogen (N), potassium (K), insoluble fibers in acidic detergent (ADF), insoluble fibers in neutral detergent (NDF), Dry matter content (DMD), metabolic energy (ME). This research was conducted in a completely randomized design and the analysis of laboratory data in SPSS software and the analysis of information obtained from the questionnaire using Friedman test was used to perform statistical analysis of collected data. The results showed that the Albizia julibrissin species due to the amount of metabolic energy (11.25), dry matter digestibility (77.97), crude protein (22.77), crude fat (5.26), insoluble fibers in neutral detergent (52.44), have a higher forage quality than the other seven species. The findings indicate that the nutritional value of Albizia julibissin has been associated with its greater utilization by ranchers, it shows the importance of local knowledge in this field.
Mohsen Bagheri Bodaghabadi; Naser Davatgar; Shokrollah Hajivand
Abstract
Human activities in the range of natural resources affect the sustainability or instability of ecosystems. Therefore, data interpretation and analysis related to these activities can play a pivotal role in assessing environmental issues and problems. The aim of this study was to analyze human activities ...
Read More
Human activities in the range of natural resources affect the sustainability or instability of ecosystems. Therefore, data interpretation and analysis related to these activities can play a pivotal role in assessing environmental issues and problems. The aim of this study was to analyze human activities in the watershed to investigate the development of rainfed orchards on sloping lands and the stability or instability of related activities. For this purpose, field studies were conducted in two regions of arid (Birjand) and Mediterranean (Khalkhal) and the impact of the orchard estabilishment on the lands of these regions was analyzed. Contrary to expectations, in the arid region with about 170 mm of rainfall, the orchard estabilishment was successful and accompanied by sustainable development, and in the Mediterranean region with more than 350 mm of rainfall, this project was considered failed and unstable. One of the most important factors for the success of this project in the arid region was having indigenous knowledge in creating dams in suitable areas by collecting runoff and sediments, according to the parent materials and the resulting soil. In contrast, the lack of indigenous or formal knowledge in the Mediterranean region, followed by a lack of attention to soil constraints, some of which are affected by parent materials, is one of the main reasons for the failure of the project in this region. Based on the results, For sustainable management special attention should be paid to indigenous knowledge along with formal knowledge.
Mohsen Sabzi nojedeh; mina amani; Mehdi Younessi Hamzekhanlu; Leila badri‎; Omid Fathizadeh; Esmaeil Sheidai Karkaj
Abstract
In recent decades, the scientific community of the world has paid particular attention to the local and indigenous knowledge of medicinal plants and ethnobotany science. The purpose of this study was to introduce the culture of traditional use of medicinal herbs in Meshginshahr city for ...
Read More
In recent decades, the scientific community of the world has paid particular attention to the local and indigenous knowledge of medicinal plants and ethnobotany science. The purpose of this study was to introduce the culture of traditional use of medicinal herbs in Meshginshahr city for treatment of diseases. For this purpose, local names, medicinal properties, method of use and other information of medicinal species were collected at the same time. In this study information of 25 families and 55 medicinal species was recorded from the region. The Lamiaceae, Asteraceae and Fabaceae families had the highest number of plant species, respectively. The most used medicinal plants in this region were applied for treatment of different ailments including, gastrointestinal, infectious and anti-inflammatory and pain. Most herbal species were used to treat gastrointestinal diseases, which 64% of informant people reported this. Maximum number of plant species was used for treatment of gastrointestinal diseases (50%), which 64% of informants noted this subject. In the otrher hand, the least used plants species were related to fungal and parasitic diseases (8%). The most used medicinal organs were leaf, flowering shoot and flower, respectively, which most of them were used as either boiled or bloated. Various medicinal species in Meshkinshahr and the growing interest among people to use medicinal herbs, gives the promise to take an important step in order to resistive economy by developing employment projects based on the cultivation and processing of medicinal plants.
hamed eskandari; moslem borji; Mehdi Ghorbani
Abstract
Local initiatives have been defined as specific collective activities without external support or incentives in order to control either ground or surface waters. One of the most important of approaches in water resources management is community-based water management. Social structures of water resources ...
Read More
Local initiatives have been defined as specific collective activities without external support or incentives in order to control either ground or surface waters. One of the most important of approaches in water resources management is community-based water management. Social structures of water resources are one of the aspects of indigenous knowledge in the management of water resources and it is necessary to analyze the social structures associated with it. The main objective of this paper is to identify aspects of indigenous knowledge related to the sustainable water resources management in Roozkin Village - Sarduyeh- Jiroft County. In this study, based on anthropological methods and qualitative approaches, including direct and participatory observation and organized interviews with 32 informed respondents (farmers) was used. In Roozkin Village, a certain social structure governs on the management of water resources in the region dating back more than 100 years. Cooperation in water resources management is considered as fundamental principle in this village and the social roles of Arbab and Zaim are among social initiatives of this village in management of water resources. In this village, 10 associations or local groups have been formed for managing water resources and each group is composed of Arbab and Zaim. In general, it could be noted that indigenous knowledge and local traditions in the village are factors influencing on sustainability of water resources and also it could be concluded that they will be effective in the promotion of socio-ecological resilience in the face of environmental crises such as drought.
Mohammad Rahim Forouzeh; gholam ali heshmati; hosein barani
Abstract
Iran is a country with an ancient culture. During a long time, its inhabitants have created various classifications, nominalizations and technologies on the basis of preference and innovation in different fields in order to adapt with the events happening around. These rich sources of knowledge are being ...
Read More
Iran is a country with an ancient culture. During a long time, its inhabitants have created various classifications, nominalizations and technologies on the basis of preference and innovation in different fields in order to adapt with the events happening around. These rich sources of knowledge are being eroded with an unimaginable speed that is in fact a part of the process of local indigenous culture destruction. Accordingly, their data collection and protection are of importance. This study aimed to record the knowledge of nomads of Boirahmad tribe about time and place recognition, playing an important role in forming their various activities in rangeland. The research was done in Dilegan Rangeland that is the summer quarter residence of nomads and located in cold weather regions of Kohgiloie and Boirahmad province. Participatory observation was used for data collection. Regarding the knowledge of experienced sheepherds about temporal and spatial components, interviews were divided in two parts, interview with sheepherds and others. By applying free interviewing and participatory observation, the required data for local calender and rangeland identification were recorded. Finally the interview notes were analyzed via content analysis method. Results show that nomads had local daily and yearly calendar in their knowledge, regulating their activities in accordance with. Daily calendar consists of 12 parts that different parts of a day are named accordingly. Also in their yearly calendar different times of the year are classified in 13 various time units which nomads' annual activities (such as migration, harvesting edible and medicinal plants,…) are set based on this calendar. As it was previously mentioned, it is recommended that the classification and naming patterns of time and place in rural and tribal traditional system be more investigated by rangeland management authorities and researchers of habitat prediction. Thus, it will give the possibility of more realistic analysis of the following research and also offered more practical solutions to advance the goals.
Mostafa Firuzruz; Mahdi Ghorbani; Reza Erfanzadeh
Abstract
Indigenous knowledge of each land is the manner of understanding and attitude of people towards world that shows the outcome of ancestors' experiences for years on optimal utilization of resources around human beings. Emphasis on technology transition and disregard for indigenous knowledge cause not ...
Read More
Indigenous knowledge of each land is the manner of understanding and attitude of people towards world that shows the outcome of ancestors' experiences for years on optimal utilization of resources around human beings. Emphasis on technology transition and disregard for indigenous knowledge cause not only destroys the relationship between humans and the environment, but also causes disruption in sustainable development programs. This research with the overview of some part of indigenous knowledge of the Baladeh region of Noor city, emphasizes on local traditions on manufacture and management of sheep dairy products in Takor village. The study method of this research is based on filed studies, that qualitative methods including directs observations, cooperative observation and organized interviews with target groups have been used to generate information and data. The results of this research include analysis of pastoralists’ knowledge for livestock management and evaluation of different aspects of milk derivatives processing and dispensation in the form of traditional cooperatives named “Ayargiri” and “Shakhupi”. Based on the research results can be stated that pastoralists in the study village have found a social organization based on local traditions and customs toward dairy products management. This organization will be a kind of social capital for stakeholders. Eventually, it can be stated that stability of subsistence economy of residents in the study area depends on sustainability and improvement of social cohesion and capital in social network of rangeland utilizers
