Zhila Ghorbani; Kiomars Sefidi; Farshad Keivan Behjou; Mehdi Moameri; Ali Ashraf Soltani Tolarod
Abstract
The most current way for measuring the soil fragmentation is determination of mean weight diameter (MWD). In this study, the adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) was used to predict of range soil fragmentation affected by different grazing intensities, distance from village and sampling depth. ...
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The most current way for measuring the soil fragmentation is determination of mean weight diameter (MWD). In this study, the adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) was used to predict of range soil fragmentation affected by different grazing intensities, distance from village and sampling depth. Present study conducted at 2015 in 3 adjacent rural areas (Alvars, Aldashin and Asbe marz) in Darvishchai watershed in Ardabil County. The studied parameters on the soil fragmentation including different grazing intensities in 3 levels (low, medium and high intensity), distance from village in 3 levels (200, 400 and 600 meters) and the soil sampling depths in 2 levels (0-15cm and 15-30cm). Obtained data were transferred to MATLAB software for the development of ANFIS models. For evaluating the models operation, mean squares error (MSE) and correlation (R2) were used. The result of best ANFIS model in prediction of soil fragmentation was compared with results of regression model. The results show that different grazing intensities, distance from village, sampling depth and their combinations had significant effect on the soil fragmentation. Increase of grazing intensity resulted in increment of soil fragmentation. With increment the distance from village from 200 to 400 meters, soil fragmentation decreased but with increment of distance, increased. Soil fragmentation in all conditions was higher at depth of 0-15 cm than depth of 15-30 cm. ANFIS model had more precision in prediction of soil fragmentation (R2=0.96) relative to regression model (R2=0.76).
isa Jafari Foutami; Esmaeil Sheidai Karkaj
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the causes of uncertainty in different methods of estimating soil carbon and also to evaluate the proposed computational method that eliminated the effect of soil bulk density on carbon calculation and the actual soil carbon content for soils with different ...
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the causes of uncertainty in different methods of estimating soil carbon and also to evaluate the proposed computational method that eliminated the effect of soil bulk density on carbon calculation and the actual soil carbon content for soils with different bulk densities in terms of the equivalent depth.Therefore, in order to check the accuracy of this proposed method, the amount of carbon in three types of grazing intensity in Golestan province (light grazing, average grazing intensity and severe grazing) was calculated and various methods were tested and analyzed. The results of mean comparison showed that based on first approach (concentration carbon Parameter), amount of carbon in first depth of light grazing area, moderate grazing and intensity grazing have significant differences, and soil concentration are 31.39, 23.57 and 11.5 gr C/kg soil, respectively, However, contradictory results achieved for first depth in case of present the mass soil in per unit area based on constant depth. So that the first depth of the light and medium grazing intensity have more mass carbon, 89.15 and 74.47 ton C/ ha, respectively, and heavy grazing intensity site has the lowest, 42.93 ton C/ ha. There are also these uncertainties between two different depths for different sites. In order to dissolved this conflict in several studies, mass carbon based on equivalent depth was calculated for study area and result show that light and heavy grazing area have the highest and the lowest amount of carbon.
Maryam Asadi
Abstract
In this research, was investigated the effect of grazing intensities on carbon and nitrogen allocation in aerial and belowground biomass of Artemisia austriaca in summer rangelands of Darvishchae (including Alvares, Aldeshin and Asbmarz villages) at southern slope of Sabalan. The study areas based on ...
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In this research, was investigated the effect of grazing intensities on carbon and nitrogen allocation in aerial and belowground biomass of Artemisia austriaca in summer rangelands of Darvishchae (including Alvares, Aldeshin and Asbmarz villages) at southern slope of Sabalan. The study areas based on grazing rate, rangeland condition, previous researches and department of Natural Resources and field survey in three grazing intensity low, medium and heavy was selected. Sampled in each grazing intensity, from vegetation and soil with randomized-systematic method on 3 transects parallel with the length of 200 meters and plot 1×1 m2 was carried out at intervals of 50 meters. Biomass was determined using cut and weighting method. After digging profiles at the base of the plant, roots were harvested. Then, allocation in aerial and underground plant was determined. The comparisonof allocation in plant was conducted using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's test was performed to examine the differences between means. Results showed the effect of different grazing intensities (mostly sheep of Moghani breed) on biomass of A. austriaca was significant. Results of compare mean showed that the greatest amount of nitrogen allocation in the aerial biomass of A. austriaca (2.2 mg/kg) was observed in the moderate grazing intensity. Moreover, the greatest amount of carbon allocation in the roots of A. austriaca (22 mg/kg) was occurred in the moderate grazing intensity. In general, attention to effects of grazing different intensities on vegetation factors such as carbon and nitrogen allocation, is essential for rangelands correct management and protection.
