Leila Avazpour; Mehdi Ghorbani; Hossein Azarnivand; Hamed Rafiee
Abstract
Evaluate non-market functions and services of the environment, including tourism for many reasons, including the recognition and understanding of environmental and ecological benefits by humans, presenting the country's environmental issues to decision makers and planners, adjusting and modifying the ...
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Evaluate non-market functions and services of the environment, including tourism for many reasons, including the recognition and understanding of environmental and ecological benefits by humans, presenting the country's environmental issues to decision makers and planners, adjusting and modifying the set of national calculations such as GDP It is important to nationalize and prevent the indiscriminate destruction and exploitation of natural resources.The purpose of this study is to estimate the economic value of rangeland tourism function of 4 villages of Maneh and Samolghan counties of North Khorasan province, using conditional valuation method. the logit model was estimated using the maximum likelihood method. The required data were collected by completing 133 questionnaires and face-to-face interviews with visitors from all four areas. The sample size was obtained using Cochran's formula and the sampling method used is random sampling. Based on the results of the model used to determine the factors affecting the value of tourism in the region, the variables of marital status, employment status, proposed amount and rangeland attractiveness are significant at 5% probability level and effective factors in the WTP rate of visitors to use rangelands Are studied. the average WTP as input price for each visitor to use the rangelands of the region was 5880 Tomans and the recreational value of each hectare of rangelands in the region was 49556 Tomans per year. the rangelands of the studied villages have significant tourism value, which can help plannersand executives in planning, protection and sustainable use of rangelands in the region.
Emad Zakeri; Hamidreza karimzadeh; Seyed Alireza Mousavi; mohammad ghorbani
Abstract
Rangelands provide a diverse array of vital services that pertain to human life. But market failure to consider the value of these ecosystem services has disturbed provision of many ecosystem services. In this study the economic value of water conservation functions by Arnaveh basin located in northwestern ...
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Rangelands provide a diverse array of vital services that pertain to human life. But market failure to consider the value of these ecosystem services has disturbed provision of many ecosystem services. In this study the economic value of water conservation functions by Arnaveh basin located in northwestern Iran was estimated. Rainfall-runoff simulation was carried out by using Curve Number (CN) method. Also by means of Replacement Cost method the value of the hydrological services were quantified. The role of vegetation cover in water conservation was estimated by comparing the surface runoff under current condition and uncovered soil conditions. Moreover the role of rangelands on water retention and surface runoff reduction by devising three more hypothetical scenarios and then the effects of land use changes associated with these scenarios on rainfall-runoff rate of the region were compared. Results showed that the role of rangelands vegetation cover in water conservation and surface runoff reduction was 7.19×106 m3, with the economic value of 123×109 IRR. Also, the results of a comparing between 3 hypothetical scenarios and current conditions showed that, under the case of scenario one which assumes that the entire of rangelands area is becoming to rain-fed farming, total outflow would be in the maximum amount and the most negative effects will accrue. Also the scenarios of improvement of vegetation cover to 25-50 percent has the most positive effects (1.95×106 m3 yr-1 decrease) on water retention. The results of this study could help decision-makers in selecting appropriate and economically feasible development strategies.
Javad Motamedi; Tayebeh Tofighi azar; Morteza Molaei
Abstract
Functions of a natural resource, including rangeland ecosystems, can be divided into four groups of regulatory, habitat, production and information functions. Therefore, in this study, the economic valuation of forage production function and utilization of rhizome orchid were in terms of performance ...
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Functions of a natural resource, including rangeland ecosystems, can be divided into four groups of regulatory, habitat, production and information functions. Therefore, in this study, the economic valuation of forage production function and utilization of rhizome orchid were in terms of performance and utilization of orchid feed, studied in Trgvr grasslands of Urmia. For this purpose among, the distribution areas of orchids in the grasslands area, six locations with a total area of 120 hectares with different water levels that are representative of a wide range of grassland area, were selected. Then, The production of different vegetation forms and the amount of orchids production was measured in represetive sample, and the economic value was estimated by marketing method according to the results each hectare of grassland area is able to produce 1731.78 kg forage and 4.02 kg orchids in a growing season, whit it's economic value of each hectare of forage production and utilization of orchids in terms of function, respectively equal to 16.88 and 44.72 IRR. The results of the study are useful in determine the acceptable level of damages grassland area and to calculated and green national accounts.
Seyed Alireza Mousavi; Hossein Arzani; Gholamali Sharzei; Hossein Azarnivand; Mahdi Farahpour; Stephani Engel; Esmail Alizadeh; Aliakbar Nazari-Samani
Abstract
Soil conservation is one of the most important regulative functions of natural ecosystems. This function is of high importance in Taleghan Watershed due to high erosion quantity and sediment accumulation in Taleghan Dam reservoir. Soil loss reduction, sedimentation control and fertility conservation ...
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Soil conservation is one of the most important regulative functions of natural ecosystems. This function is of high importance in Taleghan Watershed due to high erosion quantity and sediment accumulation in Taleghan Dam reservoir. Soil loss reduction, sedimentation control and fertility conservation were considered as different aspects of soil conservation. Effect of land use and vegetation cover on soil conservation was studied by overlaying soil erosion map with other environmental data layers. Abandoned rainfed lands with low cover were considered as benchmark to evaluate the role of rangeland vegetation cover in soil conservation. Economic value of soil loss reduction function was estimated using opportunity cost approach and the benefits of rainfed agriculture. Economic value of sedimentation control also was calculated considering SDR ratio and avoided cost approach. Soil fertility conservation was quantified regarding the volume of soil conserved and nutrient content of soils of the study area. Economic value of this function was estimated using replacement cost approach. Results show that Mid-Taleghan rangelands conserve 60545 cubic meters of soil per annum. Annual economic value of soil loss reduction, sedimentation control and fertility conservation functions were estimated about 6262, 25287 and 8626 US dollars, respectively. These functions are just some limited aspects of rangeland functions and economic valuation of these functions could effectively be utilized for conservation of rangeland ecosystems.
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Shafagh Rastgar; Ali Darijani; Hossein Barani; Mohammad Ghorbani; Jamshid Ghorbani; Vahed Bordi Sheikh
Abstract
Forage is the main product of rangelands. So, determining its economic value as one of the main important nonmonetary functions can help managers to improve planning and optimal utilization management of rangelands. The main purpose of this study is to estimate the economic valuation of the forage of ...
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Forage is the main product of rangelands. So, determining its economic value as one of the main important nonmonetary functions can help managers to improve planning and optimal utilization management of rangelands. The main purpose of this study is to estimate the economic valuation of the forage of summer rangelands in Nour-roud watershed basin in Mazandaran province. Consequently, total forage production estimated by using double method in 12 unit works. According to the heterogeneity of range forages in terms of economic and lacking organized market for transaction, have been used barely and using Replacement Cost Method (RCM). In order to homogenize the value of all forage plants, Total Digestible Nutrients (TDN) of each plant multiplied to its forage product to calculate the nutrition value of forage per rangeland unit work. According to the specified T.D.N of barely, the equivalent weight of barely, identified for each range/ha in different price scenarios (guaranteed, international and farm prices), total value of forage production calculated based on barely price. Results showed that, Forage yield equivalent to barely was estimated 276.5 kg per ha of 89826.7 usable summer rangelands. Its economic value was equivalent to 713280 Rials per hectare. Also, its average annual economic value by 3 price senarios estimated, 64.6 Milyard Rials. This amount of economic value was equal to 718900 Rials per hectare of Nour-rud rangelands. Also, the estimated forage values are only 25 percentage of total economic value of rangeland ecosystem that has been exploited as natural bequest without any investment.
