Ghodrat Alah Heydari; Hamid Reza Saeidi Goraghani
Abstract
Assessment of diversity and species richness in the understanding of ecosystem functions, protect and preserve genetic resources, evaluation and control of environmental change and the success or failure will help natural resource management programs. Arbitrary banning livestock grazing program and one ...
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Assessment of diversity and species richness in the understanding of ecosystem functions, protect and preserve genetic resources, evaluation and control of environmental change and the success or failure will help natural resource management programs. Arbitrary banning livestock grazing program and one of the most common and perhaps the most degraded pastures and reduced the diversity and species richness. Given the importance of livestock grazing on vegetation change in the qualitative and quantitative research to study the effect of the three grazed sites Reference area, Key area and Critical area on the diversity and richness species with different plant forms in southern slopes of Damavand mountain Summer Rangeland. Each unit, sampling was conducted along three transects 150 meters. Along each transect 15 plots with a scale and located within 10 meters of each plot type and number of plant species and the percentage and number of notes they were based. Numerical indicators to assess the diversity and richness of species diversity indices and using software Past Simpson, Shannon - Weiner index was calculated enrichment Menhnyk and Margalof. Data analyses was performed in SPSS18 software and compare the various indices of diversity and richness between regions with different intensities grazing Duncan's multiple range tests was performed.
Hamid Reza Saeidi Goraghani; Ghodrat alah Heydari; Hossein Barani; Zakaria Alavi
Abstract
This study is trying to exploitations view point and permanent management problems of rangeland to evaluate in ranches Damavand Summer Rangeland in Amol County. Statistical Society are utilizations 15 ranch that with three methods, collective property, private property and council property from rangeland ...
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This study is trying to exploitations view point and permanent management problems of rangeland to evaluate in ranches Damavand Summer Rangeland in Amol County. Statistical Society are utilizations 15 ranch that with three methods, collective property, private property and council property from rangeland utilization and randomly from among their number 88 was selected. The research tool was a questionnaire that among exploitations through direct interviews have been completed. To assess problems permanent management of rangeland in the area with pivotal effect of the structure of exploitation methods, index nine selection and with spectrum from exploitations view point and were measured. The results showed different methods on among permanent management of rangeland effect means confidence level 99 percent. Duncan comparison test showed that permanent management problems private property exploitation methods are low from exploitation methods collective property and council property. So Friedman test results showed that with the rank category index of problems permanent management of rangeland time stop livestock mid excessive pasture with average 9.23 and the number of livestock over rangeland capacity in the region with average 8.01, respectively, the uttermost rank or impacts than the other indexes on rangeland permanent management in watershed land. So with use from Kruskal Wallis test evaluated and compared each one of rangeland permanent management indexes in exploitation different methods. Generally recommended to reduce problems in watershed areas of before Projects of reform and reducing, recognizing systems, common law and the demands of exploitation more attention and emphasis management and experts.
