نشریه علمی - پژوهشی مرتع و آبخیزداری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 ؛ دانشجوی دکتری علوم مرتع دانشکدة مرتع و آبخیزداری دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، ایران

2 ؛ دانشیار دانشکدة منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، ایران

3 استادیار دانشکدة کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود، ایران

چکیده

در اصلاح مراتعْ استقرار گیاهان، به‌ویژه در مناطق خشک و نیمه‏خشک، از اهمیت بسیاری برخوردار است. در سال‏های اخیر، از کودهای بیولوژیکی، مانند قارچ‏های همزیست، به منزلة رهیافتی مفید برای افزایش حاصلخیزی اراضی و استقرار گیاهان استفاده می‌شود. هدف از این تحقیق بررسی امکان افزایش درصد استقرار و سرعت رشد نشا‏های گیاه بروموس (Bromus kopetdaghensis) تلقیح‌شده با قارچ میکوریزا آربوسکولار در مرتع بهارکیش قوچان بود. بدین ‏منظور، بذر‏های بروموس در شرایط گلخانه (سینی‏های نشا) کشت شد. سپس، با دو گونه میکوریزا آربوسکولار Glomus mosseaeو G. intraradicesتلقیح و به گلدان‏های کاغذی منتقل شد. پس از یک ماه نهال‏های گلدانی به عرصه منتقل شد و به صورت طرح آزمایشی کرت‏های خردشده بر پایة طرح بلوک‏های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار کشت شد. میانگین درصد کلونیزه‌شدن ریشة گیاه بروموس با گونة mosseae  G.حدود 7/62 درصد و با میکوریزا G. intraradices حدود 3/81 درصد بود. همزیستی قارچ میکوریزا به طور معنی‏داری باعث افزایش درصد استقرار در آغاز و پایان فصل رویش شد. تأثیر گونة G. intraradices بر استقرار گیاه بروموس بیشتر بود. علاوه بر این، همزیستی با این گونه باعث افزایش وزن خشک اندام ‏هوایی، وزن خشک کل گیاه، و وزن خشک ریشه شد، در حالی ‏که همزیستی با mosseae .Gباعث کاهش برخی از این صفات شد یا اینکه اثری نداشت. بنابراین، بر اساس نتایج این تحقیق، می‌توان قارچ‏های G. intraradicesرا به عنوان نوعی کود‏ زیستی، به‌منظور افزایش تولید علوفه و استقرار اولیة گیاه بروموس در سطح مراتع نیمه‏خشک و منطقة بهارکیش قوچان توصیه کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of mycorrhiza inoculation on seedlings establishment and morphological parameters of Bromus kopetdaghensis L. under field conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Reyhane Azimi 1
  • Mohammad Jankju 2
  • Hamid Reza Asghari 3

1

2

3

چکیده [English]

Improved pasture establishment in plants, especially in arid and semi-arid is very important Application of biological fertilizers in pasture can be considered as a useful approach. that is one of the sources of the symbiotic fungus.. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the possibility of enhancing seedling establishment and growth rate of Bromus kopetdaghensis under natural habitats by inoculation with mycorrhiza species, Seeds of alfalfa were sown under greenhouse for 20 days and inculcated with two species of Glomus intraradices and Glomus mosseae. After one month growth, the inoculated seedlings were transplanted into the natural as sub plots as split plot based on RCBD (Randomized complete block design) were evaluated with three replication. Inoculation percent with G.mosseae was 62/7 % and with of G. intraradices 81/3%. Symbiosis increased establishment of alfalfa at the early and late growth stages, with stronger effects G,intra than G.mosseae. Furthermore leaf and root dry matter, total dry matter and the ratio of above ground to underground plant parts was increased in association with G. intraradices, where as such effects were not associated with G.mosseae. In conclusions, it Glomus intraradices can be used as a biological fertilizer for establishment of alfalfa in semiarid rangeland of Bahar Kish rangeland, Quchan.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Biofertilizer
  • Colonization
  • Rangelands
  • Seedling transplantation
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