مطالعة تغییرات تولید و مصرف علوفة گونةBoiss. Bromus tomentellus در مراتع کردان البرز

کریمی, قادر; یگانه, حسن; عباسی خالکی, معصومه; معمری, مهدی; افرا, هادی

doi:10.22059/jrwm.2015.54935

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

¹ عضو هیئت‌علمی مؤسسة تحقیقات جنگل‌ها و مراتع کشور

² استادیار دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

³ دانشجوی دکتری دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی

⁴ دانشجوی دکتری مرتع‌داری دانشکدة منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران

⁵ کارشناس‌ارشد دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

https://doi.org/10.22059/jrwm.2015.54935

چکیده

به ‏منظور بررسی خصوصیات تولیدی و مقدار مصرف علوفۀ گیاه Bromus tomentellus Boiss. در مراحل مختلف فنولوژی توسط دام، این مطالعه به‏ مدت چهار سال در مراتع کردان البرز انجام شد. بدین منظور، با شروع فصل چرا و ورود دام به مرتع، مقدار علوفة باقی‌ماندة گونه از چرای دام تا زمان خروج دام از مرتع با فواصل یک‌ماهه برداشت شد و از تفاضل آن از تولید در داخل قطعة محصور مقدار مصرف گونه تعیین شد. سرانجام، به ‏منظور تأثیر سال‏های مورد مطالعه و ماه‏های برداشت بر تولید و مصرف گونة‏ تحت بررسی در منطقة مورد مطالعه‏، اعداد و ارقام به‌دست‌آمده تجزیه و تحلیل شد. به ‏طور کلی، بر اساس نتایج به‌دست‌آمده، سال سوم و چهارم بیشترین مقدار و سال اول کمترین مقدار تولید را به خود اختصاص دادند. تغییرات مصرف این گونه در سال‏های مختلف نیز مشابهِ تولید بود. همچنین، دورۀ رشد و تولید علوفة گونة Bromus tomentellus Boiss. در فصل بهار است و در اردیبهشت‌ماه به حداکثر مقدار خود می‌رسد و بعد از آن به سمت تیرماه روند نزولی طی می‏کند. در ماه‏های اردیبهشت و خرداد دامْ علوفة حاصل از این گونه را در حجم بالا مصرف می‌کند. هر چه به‏ سمت تیرماه پیش می‏رویم، دام به مقدارِ بسیار کمی از این گیاه استفاده می‌کند. به‏نظر می‏رسد، با کامل‌شدن مراحل رشد، این گونه حالت خشبی پیدا می‌کند و دام تمایل کمتری به چرای آن دارد. در نتیجه، دام به مقدارِ کمی از آن مصرف می‌کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of production and utilization of Bromus tomentellus Boiss. in Kordan rangeland of Alborz province

نویسندگان [English]

Ghader Karimi ¹
hasan Yeganeh ²
Masoomeh Abassi Khalaki ³
mehdi moameri ⁴
Hadi Afra ⁵

¹ Assistant Professor, Research Institue of Forest and Rangelands, Tehran, Iran

² Assistant Professor, University of Gorgan Agricultural Sciences & Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran

³ Ph.D Student of Range Management in University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran

⁴ Ph.D Student of Range Management in University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

⁵ M.Sc of Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.

چکیده [English]

To evaluate the vegetative and productive characteristics and forage utilization by livestock at different stages of Bromus tomentellus Boiss.Phonology, this experiment was carried out during five years in Kordan Rangeland of Alborz province rangelands. So starting the grazing season and livestock entering, any remaining amount of forage grazing was harvested until a month intervals, and utilization rate was determined by subtraction between harvested forage and fenced plot forage. Finally, in order to study the effect of harvest months on the production and utilization of specie under investigation in the study area, data were analyzed. In overall, the results of this study were showed that highest production was belong to third and fourth years and least production was belong to first year. The utilization changes were similar to production changes. In addition, growth and production period Bromus tomentellus Boiss.was spring. The growth and production this plant was maximum in April and then reduced in July. The forage of this plant in May and June has been strongly grazing in the study area. In July the utilization rate this plant was decreased. It seems that the complete growth stages, this species have a woody and livestock grazing has less on it. Thus reduce the amount consumed by livestock.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Forage production
forage utilization
Bromus tomentellus Boiss
Kordan rangelands

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نشریه علمی - پژوهشی مرتع و آبخیزداری

مطالعة تغییرات تولید و مصرف علوفة گونةBoiss. Bromus tomentellus در مراتع کردان البرز

مراجع

مراجع

دوره 68، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 2
شهریور 1394
صفحه 359-370

مطالعة تغییرات تولید و مصرف علوفة گونةBoiss. Bromus tomentellus در مراتع کردان البرز

مراجع

مراجع

دوره 68، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 2شهریور 1394صفحه 359-370

دوره 68، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 2
شهریور 1394
صفحه 359-370