نشریه علمی - پژوهشی مرتع و آبخیزداری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته دکتری علوم مرتع،گروه تخصصی جنگل، مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران

2 استاد گروه احیا مناطق خشک و کوهستانی، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

3 دانشیار دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران

4 دانشیار پژوهشی پژوهشکده حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، سازمان تحقیقات،آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی

10.22059/jrwm.2020.312278.1544

چکیده

هدف این تحقیق، مقایسه وضعیت و مدیریت مرتع قبل و بعد از جایگزینی روش ارزیابی وضعیت خاک در فاکتور خاک روش چهار فاکتوری به‌منظور تعیین مناسب‌ترین روش وضعیت مرتع بود. ارزیابی وضعیت مرتع برای هر دو حالت در مراتع پشتکوه مازندران انجام شد و سپس وضعیت، روش‌های مرتع‌داری و برنامه‌های مدیریتی و اصلاحی آن‌ها پیشنهاد و با یکدیگر مقایسه گردید. نتایج ارزیابی وضعیت مرتع قبل از جایگزینی روش ارزیابی وضعیت خاک در فاکتور خاک‌نشان داد که مراتع، وضعیت فقیروخیلی فقیر با گرایش منفی داشتند و روش مرتع‌داری مصنوعی و برنامه‌های اصلاح و احیایی، کپه کاری و بذرپاشی پیشنهاد گردید. نتایج ارزیابی وضعیت مرتع بعد از جایگزینی روش ارزیابی وضعیت خاک در فاکتور خاک‌نشان داد که وضعیت مرتع، در کلاس متوسط و فقیر قرار گرفتند که به ترتیب روش مرتع‌داری طبیعی و مصنوعی برای آن‌ها پیشنهاد گردید. برای روش مرتع‌داری طبیعی، سیستم‌های چرائی تناوبی- تأخیری و تناوبی-استراحتی بر اساس امتیاز وضعیت متوسط مرتع پیشنهاد گردید و برنامه‌های اصلاحی روش مرتع‌داری مصنوعی تغییر نکرده است و همانند روش قبلی است. نتیجه مقایسه تجزیه‌وتحلیل آماری نشان داد که بین میانگین امتیاز فاکتور خاک قبل و بعد از جایگزینی در فاصله اطمینان 95درصد تفاوت معنی‌داری وجود داشت اما بین میانگین امتیاز وضعیت مرتع، تفاوت معنی‌داری وجود نداشت که علت آن شاید ثابت بودن امتیاز سایر فاکتورهای روش چهار فاکتوری بوده باشد. این روش می‌تواند به‌عنوان یک روش مبتنی بر ارزیابی کمی-کیفی برای شناخت ویژگی‌های عملکردی و ساختاری اکوسیستم‌ها استفاده شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of range Condition and management before and after replacing soil condition assessment method with soil factor of four-factor method in Poshtkuh rangelands of Mazandaran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Rezaali Domehri Vasati Kolaei 1
  • Mohammad Jafari 2
  • Hossein Arzani 2
  • Seyed Akbar Javadi 3
  • Mahmood Arabkhedri 4

1 Ph.D. graduated of Range Science, Specialized department of Forests, Rangeland and Watersheds, Faculty of Natural Resources and the Environment, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

2 Professor, Department of Reclamation of Arid and Mountainous Regions, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.

3 Associate Professor, Faculty of Natural Resources and the Environment, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

4 Associated Professor, Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Institute (SCWMRI), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

The purpose of this study was to compare the condition and management of rangeland before and after replacing the soil condition assessment method in the soil factor of the four-factor method in order to determine the most appropriate rangeland condition method. Rangeland status assessment was performed for both conditions in Poshtkuh rangelands of Mazandaran and then the status, rangeland management methods and their management and improvement programs were proposed and compared with each other. The results of rangeland condition assessment before replacing the soil condition assessment method in soil factor showed that rangelands had poor and very poor condition with a negative tendency and artificial rangeland management method and rehabilitation programs, mulching and seeding were proposed. The results of rangeland condition assessment after replacing the soil condition assessment method in the soil factor showed that the rangeland condition was in the middle and poor class, for which natural and artificial rangeland management methods were proposed, respectively. For the natural rangeland method, periodic-delayed and periodic-rest grazing systems were proposed based on the average status of the rangeland, and the breeding programs of the artificial rangeland method have not changed and are the same as the previous method. The results of comparative statistical analysis showed that there was a significant difference between the mean score of soil factor before and after replacement in the 95% confidence interval, . This method can be used as a method based on quantitative-qualitative evaluation to identify the functional and structural characteristics of ecosystems.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Range condition
  • Range Management Method
  • Soil Condition assessment
  • Four-factor method of changed soil factor
  • Poshtkuh Rangelands
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