hamzeh saeediyan; Hamid Reza Moradi; Sadat Feiznia; nader Bahramifar
Abstract
Acidic rainfall is one of the complications of industry life that a point of view geographically in recent years spread widely and the attention of many researchers has been found. These rains have significant effects on the different ecosystems of earth. In this study, in order to investigate the sensitivity ...
Read More
Acidic rainfall is one of the complications of industry life that a point of view geographically in recent years spread widely and the attention of many researchers has been found. These rains have significant effects on the different ecosystems of earth. In this study, in order to investigate the sensitivity of erosion and sediment yield of Gachsaran Formation to acidic rainfall and its density change, parts of the Kuhe Gach watershed area in Izeh Township are selected with the area of 1202 hectares. This investigation in order to determine productivity runoff and sediment in 8 points and with 3 replicates in Gachsaran formation in different intensities 1, 1/25 mm in min and in the intensities of distilled water and 4, 5 acidic water in four aspects of northern, southern, eastern, western with using kamphorst rain simulator was done. In order to analyze statistical was used SPSS and EXCEL packages. The highest of runoff and sediment rates in Gachsaran formation in 1, 1/25 mm in min are related to 4 acidic rainfalls. The rainfall of 5 acidic also runoff and sediment are more than the rain of distilled water. The infiltration rates in rainfall different intensities also showed a significant difference.
Hamidreza Moradi; Alireza Sepahvand; Parviz Abdolmaleki
Abstract
More than 30% of Iran's land is formed from mountainous areas. So each year, landslides cause damages to structures, residential areas and forests, creating sedimentation, muddy floods and finally deposit the sediments in reservoir dams. Therefore, for preventing of this damages and expressing the sensitivity ...
Read More
More than 30% of Iran's land is formed from mountainous areas. So each year, landslides cause damages to structures, residential areas and forests, creating sedimentation, muddy floods and finally deposit the sediments in reservoir dams. Therefore, for preventing of this damages and expressing the sensitivity rate of hillslopes, landslide hazard zonation is considered in prone areas. The purpose of this study is to determine the optimal structure of artificial neural network with different numbers of input factors for the landslide hazard zonation in the Haraz Watershed. First, the number of optimal epochs was determined to prevent network overlearning with trial and error method. Then, 14 neurons were determined in the hidden layer. Finally, the number of neurons was changed from 1 to 9 in the input layer. According to the obtained results, with increasing the number of neurons in the input layer, efficiency of Artificial Neural Network improved for landslide susceptibility mapping. In this research, nine neurons in the input layer, 14 neurons in the hidden layer and one neuron in the output layer were selected as the optimal structure. Root Mean Square Error and Descriptive Coefficient (R2) were equal to 0.051 and 0.962, respectively and the accuracy of landslide hazard zonation map was equal to 92.3%. Meanwhile, the results showed that about 35.14, 26.73, 14.59, 9.88, and 13.63 percent of all studied areas are located in stable, low, moderate, high and extremely hazardous areas, respectively.
H. Saidian; H. R. Moradi; F. Tarnian
Volume 63, Issue 1 , June 2010, , Pages 1-12
Abstract
Using of different systems of soil plough after changing unconsciously and non-scientific of land use, other soil physical and chemical characteristics affected. This fact, especially in marginal lands and mountainous regions is more visible. This research compared with the purpose of studying land use ...
Read More
Using of different systems of soil plough after changing unconsciously and non-scientific of land use, other soil physical and chemical characteristics affected. This fact, especially in marginal lands and mountainous regions is more visible. This research compared with the purpose of studying land use changing on some soil physical and chemical characters like very tiny sand percent, pH, Ec, clay percent, sand percent, silt percent, soil moisture, calcium carbonate in Gachsaran and Aaghajari formation. So that in aghajari formation 7 points and with 3 replicates and in gachsaran formation 6 points and with replicates in three land uses range, residential and agricultural land uses sampling of soil was done. Sampling of the depth 0-20 cm soil was done. After tests implement are concerned, the results were investigated. According to the results, range land in two Aghajari and Gachsaran formations in terms of clay percent, sand, EC, pH, moisture and Calcium Carbonate a meaningful difference have, and in other cases was not seen any disagreement. between agriculture land use in two Aghajari and Gachsaran formations in terms of very tiny sand percent, sand, clay, moisture and calcium carbonate meaningful difference have, and in other cases was not seen any disagreement. In residential land use in two Gachsaran and Aghajari formations only in clay percent and EC, there are a meaningful difference, and in other cases was not seen any disagreement. In each formation also land uses had effective role in soil physical and chemical characteristics.
