Sajad Amiri; Hossein Azarnivand; Mehdi Ghorbani; Mohammad Jafari; Sajad Barkhordari; Hossein Azadi
Abstract
Awareness of human about the existence of environmental pollution crisis and its effects on his own destiny can have a positive effect on changing the course of these crises. Sangan mines release dust particles and pollutants into the soil and air, which will have huge consequences for environmental ...
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Awareness of human about the existence of environmental pollution crisis and its effects on his own destiny can have a positive effect on changing the course of these crises. Sangan mines release dust particles and pollutants into the soil and air, which will have huge consequences for environmental pollution and even endanger human Health, including the spread of skin and respiratory diseases. Environmental assessment is considered as one of the most efficient methods to evaluate and predict plans and projects on environmental components, so the present study aims to Environmental impact assessment of Mine Utilization Using Iranian Leopold Matrix (Study area: Sangan Khaf Mines). The main tool for collecting research data for the study area is a library and a field survey based on a questionnaire that was completed among the community of experts. The statistical sample population is 30 experts who were familiar with environmental issues. The results showed that the number of negative algebraic mean effects in the column is equal to 10 and the number of negative algebraic mean consequences in the row is equal to 14, among which the number of negative consequences less than -3.1 in the column is only related to the effects of dust diffusion. The most important negative effects among the environmental components are related to dust diffusion activity with an average classification of -3.1 with an algebraic sum of -50.
Jaber Sharifi; Ali Ashraf Jafari; Yones Rostamikia
Abstract
Preference evaluation of four species of perennial forage grasses including Alopecurus textilis L., Festuca ovina L. and F. sulcata L. and Agropyron trichophorum. In order to use for improvement and restoration of rangelands, seeds of species were collected from of Ardebil province. After seed germination ...
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Preference evaluation of four species of perennial forage grasses including Alopecurus textilis L., Festuca ovina L. and F. sulcata L. and Agropyron trichophorum. In order to use for improvement and restoration of rangelands, seeds of species were collected from of Ardebil province. After seed germination test and preparing of seed bed. This eyperiment was done based on Randomized completely block design with 3 replicates in dryland conditions from 2010 -2014 in Ardabil station. After plants establishment and end of growing, crown cover Total height, seedling vigority, forage and seed production. Analysis variance of data was done using SAS software and the mean comparison with Duncan method at 5% level. The results showed that, the species in term of studied traits, had significant difference exept survival, The highest height, crown cover and forage production. Be longes to Agropyron trichophorum, The highest seedling vigority belodes to Agropyron trichophorum and Festuca sulcata finally, Therefore these con be used in improvement and developmend procces of pasture in arid and semi arid region.
golaleh ghaffari; Hasan Ahmadi; Omid Bahmani; Ali Akbar Nazari Samani
Abstract
Although more than 45 years has passed since the first time operating watershed projects were run inside the country and considering the increasing budget that is being allocated to such projects, terrible soil erosion, natural resource degradation and the dazzling and painful consequences of such events ...
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Although more than 45 years has passed since the first time operating watershed projects were run inside the country and considering the increasing budget that is being allocated to such projects, terrible soil erosion, natural resource degradation and the dazzling and painful consequences of such events are indicative of low efficiency and failure of natural resource protection projects. Therefore, since watershed projects involve many agents and management needs to be as effective as possible, assessment of how suuccessfully the project objectives have been realized is essential. The sologhan aquifer’s basin with an area of 20571 hectar is one of the basins in which watershed project was carried out in winter 2000. To assess the effectiveness of the above mentioned project, required statics and data was collected and the accuracy of meteorology and hydrology data was examined and the double mass curve, annual hydrograph comparisons, hydrologic analysis, sediment examination in dry and moist periods, sediment graph, studding the amount of sediment in precipitation periods prior and post projects implementation were considered and used. Double mass curve shows the positive effects of this operation on the amount of runoff and sediment. Hydrologic regime curves show as well that watershed operations had positive impacts upon the basins hydrologic reaction to rain so that the amount of runoff as a result of similar amount of precipitation has decreased. Furthermore, the amount of annual suspended load has decreased from 47892.56 to 22365 tons, so did the amount of Debbi and sediment. Above results prove the positive effects of watershed projects.
mohamadreza fazelpour aghdaei; hosein maleki nezhad; mohammad reza ekhtesasi; jalal barkhordari; Asghar Zarea Chahooki
Abstract
Given the widespread distribution of flood water spreading areas and variety of main effective parameters in their design and implementation, assessment of the performance of system components located in different areas of the country is necessary so that optimal patterns can be achieved. This research ...
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Given the widespread distribution of flood water spreading areas and variety of main effective parameters in their design and implementation, assessment of the performance of system components located in different areas of the country is necessary so that optimal patterns can be achieved. This research was done to assess the impact of the flood water spreading projects on soil characteristics in Yazd (Bafg, Herat and Mehriz flood spreading projects). To this end, in the first to the third spreading basin of projects and three a control sites were selected. Then, 99 soil samples in profiles were collected at five depths and physical and chemical properties were studied in the laboratory. Statistical analysis was performed by independent t-test. The results showed physical and chemical properties of soil is not significantly different from controls in Bafgh flood water spreading projects. In Herat, some parameters such as Electrical Conductivity, pH, Calcium and Potassium in the limited depths was significantly different but in Mehriz, most chemical parameters showed significant difference and decreasing trend. The results showed water infiltration and leaching of soil in the Mehriz area was more than others, while less in Herat and the least in Bafg.
Behzad Rayegani; Gholamreza Zehtabian; Hossein Azarnivand; seyed kazem alavipanah; Sayed Jamaleddin Khajeddin
Abstract
Soil is one of the main non-renewable natural resources in the world and its degradation is considered as a major threat around the globe because it reduces the productivity capacity of soil variability and makes the environment instable in the long turn. Soil degradation has three different ...
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Soil is one of the main non-renewable natural resources in the world and its degradation is considered as a major threat around the globe because it reduces the productivity capacity of soil variability and makes the environment instable in the long turn. Soil degradation has three different aspects: Physical, Chemical and Biological degradation. If any of these aspects of the destruction of the soil can be estimated in an equation, assessment and estimation of the soil degradation can be done easily. To achieve this goal extensive efforts have been made in various parts of the world and different methods for assessing soil degradation have been suggested. In this research latest guideline of soil degradation assessment presented by Land Degradation Assessment in Aridlands is used to desert region of the east of Esfahan and different aspects of soil degradation is assessed by that. According to the findings of this research, LADA methodology of soil degradation easily can be used by most users within the country because the method is simple and provides results as fast as possible. Comparing the results of this method and photos of relative the sampling sites has shown the model is reasonably accurate.
Behzad Rayegani; Gholamreza Zehtabian; Hossein Azarnivand; Seyed Jamalodin Khajedin; Seyed Kazem Alavipanah
Abstract
Arid and semi-arid areas, due to the sensitive, have variable ecosystems, so continuous assessment and monitoring of the environment is required for most of managerial and adjustment practices. Vegetation is one of the most important assessment tools and used as a criterion for evaluation and monitoring ...
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Arid and semi-arid areas, due to the sensitive, have variable ecosystems, so continuous assessment and monitoring of the environment is required for most of managerial and adjustment practices. Vegetation is one of the most important assessment tools and used as a criterion for evaluation and monitoring of ecosystem functions. In this study, for the first time in the country, we have evaluated status of vegetation in a desert area by the method provided by the Land Degradation Assessment in Aridlands as one of the last instruction of the vegetation status assessment. The model uses 16 different indicators to assess vegetation status: Total Bare Soil; Bare Spots; Litter cover or Surface organic matter; Vegetation Vigour; Proportion of perennial species; Proportion of Useful Species; Proportion of each vegetation strata; Species that decrease with grazing pressure; Species that increase with grazing pressure; Poisonous plants; Alien Invasive or proliferous weed species; Pest damage; Damage due to diseases; Bush /shrub encroachment; Utilization (Deforestation); Biomass decline. After running the model in the desert rangelands of East and compared the results with the reality, we found this model at least for the desert area, have very good performance.
