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Study Of Effective Factors On Sediment Yield of Loess Deposits Using Rainfall Simulator

    Authors

    • Mohammad Nohtani 1
    • Sadat Feiznia 2
    • Hasan Ahmadi 2
    • Hamidreza Peirovan 3

    1 Ph. D. Student, Watershed Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, I. R. Iran

    2 Professor, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, I. R. Iran

    3 Assistant Professor in Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Center, Tehran, I. R. Iran

,

Document Type : Research Paper

10.22059/jrwm.2015.54938
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Abstract

Loess Deposit is one of the most important Quaternary Deposits of northeastern parts of Iran which have high erosion rate. This study was performed with field- Rainfall- Simulator which has a plot area of 1 m2 in Gorganrood Drainage Basin to determine the effective factors on sediment yield. Landuse, slope and erosion feature maps were overlaid in GIS to obtain land unit map. Then on work units, rainfall simulator analyses were performed. The produced runoff and sediment in 69 points on work units were collected and were measured. Adjacent to each rainfall simulator plot, samples of surface material were collected in the field to analyze for physical and chemical characteristics. In the field, descriptive tables were prepared for different work units in which locality, slope percentage, elevation, depth of A horizon of the soil and other necessary informations were recorded. In order to determine logical relationship between different variables, regression and correlation analyses were performed. In statistical analyses, it was found that slope percentage has the highest correlation coefficient and has the highest direct relationship with sediment yield and sediment production and silt amount is the second factor. The investigation of multiple regression analyses generated a model which shows %80 of sediment production variations. In this model slope percentage, cation exchange capacity and silt have possitive relationship and Calcium cation has negetive relationship with sediment yield.
 

Keywords

  • loess
  • Sediment yield
  • Rainfall simulator
  • Gorganrood Drainage Basin
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References

 

[1] Ahmadi, H. and Feizna, S. (2006). Quaternary Formations (Theorical and applied principles in natural resources), University of Tehran Press, 627p.
[2] Bihamta, M.R. and Zare Chahouki, M.A. (2008). Principles of statistics for the natural resources science, University of Tehran Press, 300p.
[3] Esaee, H., Charkhabi, A.H. and Ehteraf, H. (2005). Investigation on relationships between physical and chemical characteristics with erosion forms of loessic soils in Atrak and Gorganrood Drainage Basins in Golestan Province, 3rd Erosion and Sediment National conference, 28-30 August, Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Center, Iran.
[4] Feiznia, S., Ghayumian, J. and Khaje, M. (2006). The study of the effect of physical, chemical, and climate factors on surface erosion sediment yield of loessic soils (Case study in Golestan Province), Paghuesh va Sazandegi Journal, 66, 14-24.
[5] Feiznia, S. (2008). Applied sedimentlogy with emphasis on soil erosion and sediment production, Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Gorgan Press, 356p.
[6] Golestan Province Watershed Management (2003). Report for technical helps to soil conservation in loess regions, 75p.
[7] HasanZade Nafuti, M., Feiznia, S., Ahmadi, H., Pierovan, H.R. and Ghayumian, J. (2009). Investigation of effects of marl physical and chemical characteristics on sediment yield using rain simulator physical model, Scientific Research Journal of Engineering Geology of Iran, 1, 35-48.
[8] Jamab (Engineering Counsultant Co.) (1991). Integrated water project for Iran, Goganrood Drainage Basin Report, Ministry of Energy, Iran.
[9] Kantari, K. (2006). Data Processing and analysis in socio-economic research, Sharif Publication, 388p.
[10] Khaje, M. (2003). Study of Gorganrood Drainage Basin sedimentlogy, sedimentary environment and sediment production (Il Chashmeh and GHurchay), Ph.D. Thesis, Azad Islamic University, Science and Research Branch.
[11] Meyer, L.D. and Harmon, W. (1984). Susceptibility of agricultural soils to inter-rill erosion, Soil Science Society of America, Journal, 48, 1152-1157.
[12] Mogaddam, M. (2007). Range and range management, University of Tehran Press, 350p.
[13] Pashaee, A. (1998). Investigation of physical and chemical characteristics and source of loess deposits in Gorgan and Rasht Areas, Journal of Geological Science, 23 &24, 67-78.
[14] Refahi, H. (2003). Soil erosion and control, University of Tehran Press, 551p.
[15] Sagafian, B. (2003). Investigation and determination of criteria for rain simulator construction based on climatic conditions of Iran, Soil conservation and Watershed Management Research Center Press.
[16] Toy, T., Foster, G. and Renard, K. (2002). Soil erosion: Processes, prediction, measurement and control, John Wiley & Sons, Inc, New York.
[17] Vanelsland A., Lal, R. and Gabreiels, D. (1987). The erodibility of some Nigerian soils: A comparison of rainfall simulator result with estimates obtained from the Wishmeier Nomograph, Hydrological Processes, 3(1), 255-265.
[18] Vitharana V., Mervenne, M. and Simpson, D. (2008). Key soil and topographic properties to delineate potential management class for precision agriculture in the European loess area, Geoderma, 143, 206-215.
[19] Wei, W., Chen, L. and Fu, B. (2007). The effect of land uses and rainfall regimes on runoff and soil erosion in the semi-arid loess hilly area, China, Journal of Hydrology, 335, 247-258.
[20] Zhang, k., Li., S., Peng, W. and Yu, B. (2004). Erodibility of agricultural soils on Loess Plateau of China, Soil and Tillage Research, 76, 157-165.
[21] Zhou, Z.C. and Shangguan, Z.P. (2007). The effects of ryegrass roots and shoots on loess erosion under simulated rainfall, Catena, 70, 350-355.
    • Article View: 1,658
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Journal of Range and Watershed Managment
Volume 68, Issue 2 - Serial Number 2
September 2015
Pages 399-412
Files
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  • PDF 713.62 K
History
  • Receive Date: 10 January 2011
  • Revise Date: 21 September 2015
  • Accept Date: 10 March 2012
  • First Publish Date: 23 August 2015
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How to cite
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Statistics
  • Article View: 1,658
  • PDF Download: 760

APA

Nohtani, M., Feiznia, S., Ahmadi, H., & Peirovan, H. (2015). Study Of Effective Factors On Sediment Yield of Loess Deposits Using Rainfall Simulator. Journal of Range and Watershed Managment, 68(2), 399-412. doi: 10.22059/jrwm.2015.54938

MLA

Mohammad Nohtani; Sadat Feiznia; Hasan Ahmadi; Hamidreza Peirovan. "Study Of Effective Factors On Sediment Yield of Loess Deposits Using Rainfall Simulator". Journal of Range and Watershed Managment, 68, 2, 2015, 399-412. doi: 10.22059/jrwm.2015.54938

HARVARD

Nohtani, M., Feiznia, S., Ahmadi, H., Peirovan, H. (2015). 'Study Of Effective Factors On Sediment Yield of Loess Deposits Using Rainfall Simulator', Journal of Range and Watershed Managment, 68(2), pp. 399-412. doi: 10.22059/jrwm.2015.54938

VANCOUVER

Nohtani, M., Feiznia, S., Ahmadi, H., Peirovan, H. Study Of Effective Factors On Sediment Yield of Loess Deposits Using Rainfall Simulator. Journal of Range and Watershed Managment, 2015; 68(2): 399-412. doi: 10.22059/jrwm.2015.54938

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