Evaluation of groundwater changes in an arid shallow aquifer using groundwater level, electrical conductivity and temperature time series analysis

Hosseyni Marandi, Hamid; Mahdavi, Mohammad; Ahmadi, Hasan; Motamed Vaziri, Baharak; Adelpour, Abdolali

doi:10.22059/jrwm.2017.30294.556

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

¹ azad university

² university

https://doi.org/10.22059/jrwm.2017.30294.556

Abstract

Abstract
Common causes for groundwater quantity and quality changes are infiltration through the seasonal floodwater, effects of the artificial recharge projects and adjacent aquifers, and groundwater extraction for deferent uses. However, recognizing the impact of their contributions to these changes can be often challenging. Still, to understand the changes, monitoring groundwater level and several chemical factors are taken into consideration. Certain problems of course can complicate the analysis of the observations; for instance, insufficient data and manually prepared and measurement intervals can degrade the accuracy of such observations. In this paper, device-measured daily time series of Electrical Conductivity (EC), Temperature (T) and Groundwater Head (GH) are analyzed. The main purpose is to evaluate the groundwater changes and its relation to the processes on the aquifer surface in an arid region. Two wells (PZ2 and W20) with 1,200m distance from each other selected and installed a sensitive device for recording the groundwater level, temperature and salinity fluctuations. Time series of changes from December 2012 to July 2013, were analyzed. Groundwater head in PZ2 showed a decline but in W20 showed a minor rise. Salinity variations were different and were 15.3mS/cm in PZ2 and 1.7mS/cm in W20. The backdrop of increased salinity in the surface layers of groundwater in PZ2 identified and showing a correlation between groundwater head and salinity fluctuation with 83.5% R squire.

Keywords

References

[1]. Arzani, N. (2010). Water Harvesting and Urban Centers in Dryland Alluvial Megafans. Environmental Issues and Examples from Central Iran. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Dev., 1, 387–391.

[2]. Ghahari, G. R. and Pakparvar, M. (2007). Effect of floodwater spreading and consumption on groundwater resources in Gareh Bygone Plain. Iranian Journal of Range and Desert Research, 14(3) (28), 368-390.

[3]. Hashemi, H., Berndtsson, R. Kompani-Zare, M. and Persson, M. (2013). Natural vs. artificial groundwater recharge, quantification through inverse modeling. Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 17, 637–650.

[4]. Hashemi, H., Berndtsson, R. and Kompani-Zare, M. (2012). Steady-State Unconfined Aquifer Simulation of the Gareh-Bygone Plain, Iran. The Open Hydrology Journal. 6, 58–67, 2012.

[5]. Hosseinimarandi, H., Adelpour, A. and Ghahari, G. (2011). Investigation of floodwater spreading effects on the groundwater quantity in the Gareh Baygone Plain ( in Farsi with an English abstract). Fars Research Center for Agriculture and Natural Resources. No.0100-040000-01-8301-83044.

[6]. Khorsandi, F., Vaziri, J. and Azizizahan, A. (2010).Haloculture Sustainable Use of saline Soil and Warter Resources in Agriculture. Iranian National Committee on Irrigation and Drainage (IRNCID). 141, pp322.

[7]. Konrad, M., Postma, D. and Kowalczyk, A. (2012). Variable infiltration and river flooding resulting in changing groundwater quality – A case study from Central Europe. Journal of Hydrology, 414-415, 211–219.

[8]. Kowsar, S.A. (1992). Desertification control through floodwater spreading in Iran, Unasylva (English Edn.), 43, 27–30.

[9]. Morris, B.L., Lawrence, A.R.L. Chilton, P.J.C., Adams, B. Callow, R.C. and Klink, B.A. (2003). Groundwater and its susceptibility to degradation: a global assessment of the problem and options for management. Early Warning and Assessment Report Series, RS. 03–3. United Nations Environment Programe, Nairobi, Kenya.

[10]. Niroomand, H.A. and Bozorgnia, A. (1976). The Analysis of Time series, 2ed Edition, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Press, No.132.

[11]. Okkonen, J. and Kløve, B. (2012). Assessment of temporal and spatial variation in chemical composition of groundwater in an unconfined esker aquifer in the cold temperate climate of Northern Finland. Cold Regions Science and Technology, 71, 118–128.

[12]. Pooladian, A., and Kowsar, S.A. (1997). Salinity reduction in groundwater by floodwater spreading. 8th International Conference on Rainwater Catchment Systems, Tehran, I.R.Iran, pp.596-600.

[13]. Rebecca, M. P., Lischeid, G. Epting, J. and Huggenberger, P. (2012). Principal component analysis of time series for identifying indicator variables for riverine groundwater extraction management. Journal of Hydrology, 432-433, 137 – 144.

[14]. Sarah, T., Marc, L. Ian, C. Guillaume, F. and Christian, L. (2011). Arid zone groundwater recharge and Stalinization processes; an example from the Lake Eyre Basin, Australia. Journal of Hydrology, 408, 257–275.

[15]. Stigter, T.Y., Ribeiro, L. and Carvalho, D.A. (2006). Application of a groundwater quality index as an assessment and communication tool in agro-environmental policies – Two Portuguese case studies. Journal of Hydrology, 327, 578–591.

[16]. Todd, D.K. (1976). Groundwater Hydrology, 2ed Edition, John Willey and Sons Inc, New York.

Journal of Range and Watershed Managment

Evaluation of groundwater changes in an arid shallow aquifer using groundwater level, electrical conductivity and temperature time series analysis

References

References

Volume 70, Issue 3
December 2017
Pages 633-645

Evaluation of groundwater changes in an arid shallow aquifer using groundwater level, electrical conductivity and temperature time series analysis

References

References

Volume 70, Issue 3December 2017Pages 633-645

Volume 70, Issue 3
December 2017
Pages 633-645