Abstract

One of the best methods to prevent or reduce soil erosion, it is preserving and restoring vegetation. So knowledge about the characteristics of the vegetation, including ecological features as the first and most important biological tool for soil conservation is essential. Coma (Ferula hausskenechtii) Plant of Apiaceae family, which is abundant in the mountainous regions of Kurdistan. Regarding the importance this species to protect and prevent soil erosion that the proper species is to reform the mountainous rangelands. Therefore, Autecology studies is necessary. For this study, the main habitat of this species were determined by using vegetation maps with a scale of 1: 25,000 in Kurdistan province. Finally, five sites (Saral Divandarreh, Sarshiv Marivan, Buin-e Baneh, North West Dam Qshlagh, and Sarshiv Saqqez) were selected as sample. Then studies of vegetation, soil analysis, chemical analysis, root system and phenology of species was performed. The results showed that this species grows well at the altitude of 3000-1600 mask with 700-400 mm rainfall as well as its density decreases with increasing altitude. Its habitat soil has a neutral pH to slightly alkaline (7-8), is shallow or deep and medium texture. Vegetative growth starts of the first week of April and the plant is seeding in mid- June. This plant has multiple roots system, which average root length and the number of rootlet are 102 cm and 11 respectively. The highest amount of crude protein in the growth and the lowest is in seeding stage.