Fatemeh Einloo; Mohammad Reza Ekhtesasi; Mehdi Ghorbani; Parviz Abdinejad; Reza Anjomshoaa
Abstract
One of the integrated water resources management requirements based on participatory management planning is identification and analysis of key stakeholders. Identifying structural aspects of organizational stakeholder's network can be evaluated using social network analysis and their position and role ...
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One of the integrated water resources management requirements based on participatory management planning is identification and analysis of key stakeholders. Identifying structural aspects of organizational stakeholder's network can be evaluated using social network analysis and their position and role for inter-organizational integration and coordination in water resources management can be determined. In this study, using social network analysis method, stakeholders related to participatory governance of Abhar plain water resources, including 20 organizational stakeholders were analyzed and policy indicators were evaluated at the level of the network of organizational stakeholders. Indices of density, size, reciprocity, transitivity, centralization and geodesic distance in network of relationships at the macro level, core-peripheral index in the middle scale and centrality indicators at the micro scale of network were examined. Rate of network density index is moderate and according to index of reciprocity, moderate amount of bilateral and reciprocal relations among organizational actors, cohesion and organizational capital are assessed as moderate. According to transitivity index, stability and balance of information exchange network is low. Analysis of core-periphery index of stakeholder's network shows a higher density of links and greater organizational cohesion among central organizations compared to peripheral subgroup and amount of information exchange between central and peripheral subgroups was evaluated as moderate. Based on centrality indicators, geometric position of each actor in network was determined. For decision-making, planning, policy-making and participatory governance of water resources in Abhar Plain, key and effective organizations and political forces, as well as organizations with low power and marginalized, were identified.
Shahbaz Mehrabi; Mohammad Reza Yazdani; Mehdi Ghorbani
Abstract
Prevention is the most appropriate way to deal with natural hazards. And resilience means maintaining the structure and function of the socio-ecological system in the face of unexpected events, one of the important branches of prevention. Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari province, due to its specific geographical ...
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Prevention is the most appropriate way to deal with natural hazards. And resilience means maintaining the structure and function of the socio-ecological system in the face of unexpected events, one of the important branches of prevention. Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari province, due to its specific geographical location, faces numerous environmental hazards annually. Therefore, in this study, the status of resilience in the face of environmental hazards in the governing system of this province was investigated. AHP method was used for this purpose. In the AHP process, based on the pairwise comparison of criteria and sub-criteria, the degree of association between both criteria and sub-criteria is compared and scores between 1-9 are assigned. The research data was analyzed based on Delphi method and hierarchical decision making process. The results showed that according to expert’s evaluation of resilience of socio-ecological systems of Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari province against climate change (4.51), drought (2.09) and soil erosion (2.02) were ranked first to third respectively. Because of this, climate change has attracted the attention of experts who have shifted the rainfall to snow ratio over the past two decades. So that from 70% snow and 30% rain, to 70% rain and 30% snow. However, much of the economic activity and livelihoods in the province depend on snow reserves.
reza shakeri; Mehdi Ghorbani; kamran shayesteh
Abstract
Sustainable land management requires the identification of key land use planning actors. Social network analysis is one of the best ways to identify important factors in Management change. In this study, to analyze the stakeholders related to participatory Management in the watershed of Anzali Wetland, ...
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Sustainable land management requires the identification of key land use planning actors. Social network analysis is one of the best ways to identify important factors in Management change. In this study, to analyze the stakeholders related to participatory Management in the watershed of Anzali Wetland, the criteria and policy indicators at the level of the network of organizational stakeholders were done using the method of social network analysis . In this regard, 36 organizational stakeholders related to participatory land use management in Gilan province were studied and analyzed. In this research indices of density, size, Reciprocity, Transitivity, Centralization and Geodesic Distance in the network of relationships at the macro level and Core-peripheral index in the middle scale and centrality indicators at the micro (actors) scale of the network were examined. Based on the results ofmacro-level indicators, the density is moderate and according to the results of the Reciprocity and the moderate amount of Mutual relations among organizational stakeholders, the cohesion and organizational capital are also assessed as moderate. The resilience and balance of the information exchange network are also low due to the low transitivity index. The results of the core-periphery index analysis show a higher density of links and greater organizational cohesion among central organizations compared to the peripheral subgroup. Also, the amount of information exchange between central and peripheral subgroups was evaluated as moderate. Based on the results of centrality indices, the geometric position of each actor was determined according to the desired criteria in the network
Hamid Reza Saeidi Goraghani; Hossein Arzani; Hossein Azarnivand; Mehdi Ghorbani
Abstract
People's attitudes toward influence of natural resource management projects on their livelihood could be playing a role important in the sustainability of these projects. This paper accomplished with general aim to studying the attitude of rancher towards the effects of range and watershed plans in sustainable ...
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People's attitudes toward influence of natural resource management projects on their livelihood could be playing a role important in the sustainability of these projects. This paper accomplished with general aim to studying the attitude of rancher towards the effects of range and watershed plans in sustainable livelihoods capitals tribal families in Sarduieh of Jiroft county. In this regard, five allotments selected that they were done range management and watershed plans. Sampling was simple Random method and the number of samples was determined by Krejcie and Morgan of 48 ranchers. Data were collected via focus groups and interviews structured questionnaire that its validity and reliability were achieved at an acceptable level. Forms and questionnaires analyzed after the initial review and verify the accuracy of the data. For processing and extraction of quantitative and qualitative data used from software SPSS18 and using statistical techniques appropriate with measurement level of variables. The findings show that there was a significant relationship between natural-ecological capital, human-technical, social and sustainable livelihoods of farmers. The results from multiple regression analysis showed that totally 83% of the variance of sustainable livelihoods is determined by third variable including natural capital, social capital and human capital and technical. Also, the findings of this study showed that the highest standard regression coefficient was related to index of natural capital and ecological indicators.
Reza Bagheri; Mehdi Ghorbani; Shahram Khalighi Sigaroudi; Amir Alambeigi
Abstract
Water deficit caused by climate change due to the extent and magnitude of the social and economic damages it causes, is one of the most dangerous natural disasters that causes irreparable damage to the agricultural and water resources of the country. In other words, it has devastating effects on the ...
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Water deficit caused by climate change due to the extent and magnitude of the social and economic damages it causes, is one of the most dangerous natural disasters that causes irreparable damage to the agricultural and water resources of the country. In other words, it has devastating effects on the productive, economic, social and environmental sectors. The purpose of this study was to analyze the components of resilience and present a model of resilience of the local community in the face of climate change. The statistical population of the study consisted of rural community of Nodushan watershed which was used for sample size of Cochran formula and 100 people were surveyed based on a researcher-made questionnaire. The Resilience Component Analysis Questionnaire was used. Data were analyzed using SPSS25 and LISREL8.8 software. To investigate the fit of the resilience component measurement model, the data was analyzed used LISREL software. The results showed that among the resiliency indices, the indicators of "local networks" and "financial and infrastructure" with 91 percent and 84 percent path coefficients were better than other indices, respectively. "Compatible management status" and "risk-taking" with 10 percent and 8 percent path coefficients, respectively, are not appropriate. Also, results showed that the goodness-of-fit indices had values and confirmed the resilience dimension measurement model with the data. Therefore, it can be acknowledged that the results of this study can in actions and can be effective in promoting and adopting climate change crisis mitigation mechanisms to create resilience in the local community.
Mehdi Ghorbani; Jamileh Salimi Kouchi; Payam Ebrahimi; Sareh Rasekhi
Abstract
Today the concept of participatory management is a functional and modern approach in the management of natural areas. This approach is a comprehensive approach to personal and group stakeholder participation to achieve sustainable management and empowerment of local communities. Therefore, identifying ...
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Today the concept of participatory management is a functional and modern approach in the management of natural areas. This approach is a comprehensive approach to personal and group stakeholder participation to achieve sustainable management and empowerment of local communities. Therefore, identifying and realizing the most influential actors in local decisions is important step. The aim of this study was to determine social powers and key stakeholders in the period before and after running a local community project in network of local stakeholders. This study have been carried out through questionnaires and direct interviews with members of split Rural Development Committee, in the Sarayan watershed in South Khorasan province is covered by RFLDL international projects. For this purpose, ties of trust and partnership with local stakeholder network using quantitative indicators were analyzed at the micro level. This article analyzes the position of the local development groups and determines the key actors in terms of authority, influence and intermediation before and after the empowerment project. The results show that the centralisation before and after the run is reduced. It is claim that this project reduces centralization in network structure and strengthens trust and participation between stakeholder that has an important role in establishment of natural resourses participatory management and rural development.
Hamed Eskandari Damaneh; Gholamreza Zehtabian; Ali Salajegheh; Mehdi Ghorbani; Hassan Khosravi
Abstract
In this study, the effect of land use changes on groundwater resources as well as monitoring of spatial and temporal changes of groundwater quantitative and qualitative parameters were assessed in west basin of Jazmoryan Wetland. Landsat satellite images of TM 2002 and OLI 2015 sensors by applying of ...
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In this study, the effect of land use changes on groundwater resources as well as monitoring of spatial and temporal changes of groundwater quantitative and qualitative parameters were assessed in west basin of Jazmoryan Wetland. Landsat satellite images of TM 2002 and OLI 2015 sensors by applying of Maximum Likelihood Method were used to investigate land use changes trend. Also, information related to wells in years of 2002 to 2015 was used to assess groundwater quantitative and qualitative parameters. To do this, zoning maps of spatial and temporal changes of groundwater quantitative and qualitative parameters were prepared using the best interpolation method in ArcGIS software. The results related to evaluation of the best interpolation method showed that Kriging method had the least error. According to the results of this study, the area of agricultural and urban land uses has been increased, while the area of ephemeral stream, dam, rangelands, bare and mountain land uses has been decreased in 1394 compared to 1381.These changes indicate the increased degradation as well as unstable conditions of the region that adversely affect groundwater resources. As a result of these changes, groundwater quality in southern parts of the study area has been declined. Among the factor causing this declined groundwater quality are construction of Jiroft dam on Halil-rood permanent river, lack of water right and expanded urban and agricultural lands which have caused decrease in groundwater quality over time.
hamed eskandari; moslem borji; Mehdi Ghorbani
Abstract
Local initiatives have been defined as specific collective activities without external support or incentives in order to control either ground or surface waters. One of the most important of approaches in water resources management is community-based water management. Social structures of water resources ...
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Local initiatives have been defined as specific collective activities without external support or incentives in order to control either ground or surface waters. One of the most important of approaches in water resources management is community-based water management. Social structures of water resources are one of the aspects of indigenous knowledge in the management of water resources and it is necessary to analyze the social structures associated with it. The main objective of this paper is to identify aspects of indigenous knowledge related to the sustainable water resources management in Roozkin Village - Sarduyeh- Jiroft County. In this study, based on anthropological methods and qualitative approaches, including direct and participatory observation and organized interviews with 32 informed respondents (farmers) was used. In Roozkin Village, a certain social structure governs on the management of water resources in the region dating back more than 100 years. Cooperation in water resources management is considered as fundamental principle in this village and the social roles of Arbab and Zaim are among social initiatives of this village in management of water resources. In this village, 10 associations or local groups have been formed for managing water resources and each group is composed of Arbab and Zaim. In general, it could be noted that indigenous knowledge and local traditions in the village are factors influencing on sustainability of water resources and also it could be concluded that they will be effective in the promotion of socio-ecological resilience in the face of environmental crises such as drought.
Mehdi Ghorbani; leila avazpour; sadegh heydari
Abstract
Governance of natural resources is currently hampered by abundant challenges. The way out of this dead-end is injecting kind of capital derived from people per se i.e. social capital which is unfortunately the missing part of collaborative governance of natural resources. The present study was an attempt ...
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Governance of natural resources is currently hampered by abundant challenges. The way out of this dead-end is injecting kind of capital derived from people per se i.e. social capital which is unfortunately the missing part of collaborative governance of natural resources. The present study was an attempt to evaluate the structural characteristics of out-group social capital in local beneficiaries’ network, in keeping with natural resource governance. It was conducted under the international RFLDL project in four regions of South Khorasan province. To measure the structural features of out-group social capital of local beneficiaries of each region, network analysis questionnaires were applied and there was a direct interview with network actors (heads of rural development micro committees) and their trust an participation ties were investigated. It was found out that post-RFLDL project implementation, trust and participation level or in other words the out-group social capital of each four regions escalated among heads of rural development micro committees. It can be asserted that natural resource governance will not actualize utterly and natural resource management will come to halt in a limited and stagnant framework, void of the participation of communities, where a mono-lateral power is exerted over decision-making around natural resource issues unless social capital develops among actors and they participate actively in this process.
Zahra Eslamian; Mehdi Ghorbani; hamed rafiee; tayebe mesbahzadeh
Abstract
In recent years, natural resource economists evaluate and assess the role of natural resources in the welfare of people have put on their agenda. This study, people's willingness to participation in protecting and reviving the desert area NasrAbad, examined the using conditional valuation and tow-dimensional, ...
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In recent years, natural resource economists evaluate and assess the role of natural resources in the welfare of people have put on their agenda. This study, people's willingness to participation in protecting and reviving the desert area NasrAbad, examined the using conditional valuation and tow-dimensional, dual choice questioner. To estimate the willingness to pay logit regression model was used based on the maximum likelihood method, the parameters of the model were estimated. Results suggest that age, occupation, education and horticultural activities, a native of the region, climate change, poor management officials, family income and number of family members, significant positive effect and gender, agricultural activities, overgrazing of livestock , expansion of urban land and Bid a significant negative effect on the bid people are willing to pay. Deontologist people units 0/868 have likely to pay more compared with Cosequentialists people the Marginal effect of these variables to be allocated. the average willingness to pay of the Deontologist and Cosequentialists people in this study to participation in protecting and reviving the deserts of Nasr Abad is estimated to be 32586 and 6524 Rials respectively.
Mehdi Ghorbani; Leila Avazpour; Mohsen Yoosefi
Abstract
Social capital is one of the most important criteria related to social network resilience. In trust networks as the most important factor of social capital in adaptive governance, sensitivity to disorders and irregularities is considerable and resiliency improvement and compatibility capacity depends ...
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Social capital is one of the most important criteria related to social network resilience. In trust networks as the most important factor of social capital in adaptive governance, sensitivity to disorders and irregularities is considerable and resiliency improvement and compatibility capacity depends on trust level in network. This research is applied in Zangooi village, South Khorasan province where international project ROLL is operated. In this research social capital in local beneficiaries is studied to enhance resilience in pilot village. Trust and cooperation ties are studied based on survey method and network analysis questionnaires and direct interviews with actors (members of rural development small groups). Results show that trust, cooperation, cohesion and social capital is at average level before RFLDL project and after operating this project these indices increase and reach optimum level. The speed of trust and cooperation exchange through people increases after operating the project and this develops unification and alliance between members. At last it can be concluded that conveying this project increases trust and cooperation and social capital, so resilient social systems have undoubtedly much more trust level.
Fatemeh Salari; Mehdi Ghorbani; Arash Malekian
Abstract
Water resources local governance can is one of the most influential collaborative approach in the water resources management. Social monitoring of local stakeholders plays an important role in planning, resources management and water efficient governance. Therefore to achieve this goal, social network ...
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Water resources local governance can is one of the most influential collaborative approach in the water resources management. Social monitoring of local stakeholders plays an important role in planning, resources management and water efficient governance. Therefore to achieve this goal, social network analysis has been considered as an approach of analysis of the relationship among local stakeholders, in order to sustainable management of water resources. This study aims to social monitoring in local stakeholders network using social network analysis in Razin watershed located in Kermanshah province. This work based on social network analysis approach as method with emphasis on trust and collaboration ties and quantitative and mathematical indicators on the macro-level of local stakeholders network (Density, Centralization, Reciprocity and Geodesic Distances). The results showed that the level of social capital in the village has been measured weak. The degree of reciprocity indicator for trust and collaboration ties and the stability of network is weak. Also the level of correlation between trust and collaboration is 37 percent. The results of the mean geodesic distance on the basis of trust and collaboration ties showed that circulation velocity of trust and collaboration is moderate to low. Can be concluded on the basis of the results, weak social capital and low union between stakeholders, makes reduce circulation of trust and collaboration and therefore local governance of water resources in the region is challenged
khadijeh rahimi balkanlou; Mehdi Ghorbani; mohammad jafari; ali tavili
Abstract
One of the most important preparation steps of co-management projects implementation is recognizing key actors at local community level. These actors can assist managers and planners as local leaders and social powers. By applying social network analysis and centrality index at actors’ level of ...
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One of the most important preparation steps of co-management projects implementation is recognizing key actors at local community level. These actors can assist managers and planners as local leaders and social powers. By applying social network analysis and centrality index at actors’ level of “Goormomenin” common rangeland, Kalateh region, Daamghan city in this research, social powers and local leaders in co-management procedures were identified. By social network analysis system, in-degree, out-degree centrality and betweenness centrality at actors level were studied based on trust and cooperation matrices and a combination matrix. According to the results, one of the stakeholders “Go-Bi” is a key actor in this rangeland. Based on core-periphery index, central and peripheral actors and density were identified. Having much authority and social influence, actors at central group play key role in rangeland co-management. Before implementing natural resource management projects, recognizing these actors can help governmental organizations to develop trust among villagers so that propel successful co-management procedures. These people create bridging ties between public institutions and stakeholders in rural sustainable development plans.
Sare Rasekhi; Mahdi Ghorbani; Aliakbar Mehrabi; Seyed Akbar Javadi
Abstract
Cooperation in pastoralism and indigenous knowledge of dairy management had been considered for many years in Iran and had been adapted with culture and environment of every region. This research had illustrated the analysis of indigenous knowledge and social cohesion in dairy management of grazing livestock ...
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Cooperation in pastoralism and indigenous knowledge of dairy management had been considered for many years in Iran and had been adapted with culture and environment of every region. This research had illustrated the analysis of indigenous knowledge and social cohesion in dairy management of grazing livestock in Ghasr e Yaghub village. Research method was a combination of filed studies, direct observation, and cooperative observation and organized interview. The results include functions of cooperative management system of “Ham Shiry” among rural women named “Shir Dan”, different dimensions of indigenous knowledge, mechanism of dairy management among women and related traditions and local cooperation. The results demonstrated that rural women in the study area had been created social institution based on local rules and in order to manage dairy products. This kind of associations had been rooted in indigenous knowledge and has a significant role to save and improve social cohesion and sustainability of economical characteristics of local inhabitants.
Mahdi Ghorbani; Mahrou Dehbozorgi
Abstract
Nowadays, a lot of natural resource co-management plans due to lack of attention to stakeholders’characteristics and position in network of social relationships have failed. Actors or key personnel’srecognition has been one of administrative requirement of natural resources co-management ...
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Nowadays, a lot of natural resource co-management plans due to lack of attention to stakeholders’characteristics and position in network of social relationships have failed. Actors or key personnel’srecognition has been one of administrative requirement of natural resources co-management plans.The most influential actors in environmental decisions making can be identified based on stakeholdersand network analysis. This study is aimed to determine the social powers based on network analysisapproach and stakeholders analysis at the local users level of common rangeland of Nariyan village inTaleghan region. In this study, first, Rangeland users were identified based on survey methods thentrust and cooperation matrixes are produced and then degree centralities index and betweennesscentrality were computed by questionnaire finally each actor’s topology has shown in the network.The result of this research is effective in identifying actors with central position that perform a keyrole in Nariyan rangeland co-management plan. Also, the result of this study can assist naturalresource managers and planers in identifying social powers in order to organize and implement thesustainable landscape management plans.
Ali Akbar Mehrabi; Mohammad Mohammadi; Mohsen Mohseni Saravi; Mohammad Jafari; Mehdi Ghorbani
Abstract
Providing of landing use maps and detecting of land capacity are required to manage of natural resources and environment and planning of land use. On the other hand, it is necessary to detect of the human deriving forces affecting land use change. In this research, we selected Seyed mohaleh and Drasara ...
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Providing of landing use maps and detecting of land capacity are required to manage of natural resources and environment and planning of land use. On the other hand, it is necessary to detect of the human deriving forces affecting land use change. In this research, we selected Seyed mohaleh and Drasara villages in Tonekabon city. First, were provided the land use maps in 1987 and 2008 by using TM and IRS Satellite images. Second, were investigated the human deriving forces affecting land use change through survey methods. According to results of this research can state that had been destroyed much percents of forests and added residential and agricultural lands in two villages. The most important of land use changes in two villages related to the economic problems (low income) and the economic loss of agricultural activities. Recently, the most important deterrent forces of land use changes are the property market downturn and land price that can prevent of severe changes in land use through the implementation of efficient land use law and supporting of farmers and gardeners in this region. Moreover, the most important indicators in the intensification of land use changes are being a tourist area, increasing of land price and unemployment.
Iman Islami; Ali Akbar Mehrabi; Gholam Reza Zehtabian; Mehdi Ghorbani
Abstract
Agriculture sector is the main consumer of water in the world. In productive sectors likeagriculture, water is considered as a valuable mediatory commodity or production input.Demand for agriculture water comes from consumers› (agriculture products›) behavior. Thisstudy aims to evaluate ...
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Agriculture sector is the main consumer of water in the world. In productive sectors likeagriculture, water is considered as a valuable mediatory commodity or production input.Demand for agriculture water comes from consumers› (agriculture products›) behavior. Thisstudy aims to evaluate water use optimality in Pomegranate Arbors at the Charkhab village inthe Yazd province. The data was randomly collected from 95 people of 153 beneficiaries inthe study area. This study surveys water demand variations in the case of one percent changein water procurement expenses in Yazd. Elasticity estimation revealed that pomegranateproducers› sensitivity to agriculture water price changes is high. To be specific, one percentincrease in the price of agriculture water would decrease water demand by 24.32 percentamongst pomegranate producers in Yazd. Production elasticity of water input was obtained0.0565 which is located in the third part of production region and means over-consumption ofwater by producers due to its low price. Given high demand for water in this arid area havingappropriate polices in water pricing for optimal water consumption is needed.
M. Ghorbani; H. Azarnivand; A.A Mehrabi; S. Bastani; M Jafari; H. Nayebi
Abstract
Since last decades, there has been a growing interest in the human/social dimensions of natural resources governance especially the structure of social networks in achieving to successful co-management of natural resources. Network analysis as a suitable tool in optimum planning of the “network ...
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Since last decades, there has been a growing interest in the human/social dimensions of natural resources governance especially the structure of social networks in achieving to successful co-management of natural resources. Network analysis as a suitable tool in optimum planning of the “network management” of rangeland in regional scale, can improve inter-organizational decision-making and coordination among key actors. Trust development and mutual relations among various actors is a key factor in policy of rangeland co-management issue. In this study, trust and collaboration networks between informal and formal institutions and rangeland users in co-management process have been investigated. Social network analysis as a quantitative method has been implicated in this research. The results of this study indicate that “Veterinary Office of Taleghan” and “Village Council” can play a key role in policy and planning of rangeland co-management which is related to higher density of trust and collaboration ties. Moreover, trust and collaboration networks among the Veterinary Office and rangeland users have more sustainability than these in related to other institutions. However, the sustainability of networks among all of institutions and rangeland users has low level. Statistical results show there is a high correlation (70%) between trust and collaboration networks and also 50% of collaboration changes are related to trust factor. Also, it can be state that lack of trust and collaboration between the Natural Resources Office and rangeland users is a key challenge for initiating of rangeland co-management. Finally, social network analysis helps manager and planner in detecting of the challenges of rangeland co-management and policy in tune with solving these challenges.
