Morteza Saberi; Vahid Karimian; Majid khazaei
Abstract
The allelopathic influence of aqueous extracts of Eucalyptus camaldulensis on Cassia angustifolia Vahl., Datura stramonium L. and Hibiscus sabdariffa L. germination (%), germination stages and seedling growth were examined. For this goal, the extract was prepared from the shoot and roots of Eucalyptus ...
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The allelopathic influence of aqueous extracts of Eucalyptus camaldulensis on Cassia angustifolia Vahl., Datura stramonium L. and Hibiscus sabdariffa L. germination (%), germination stages and seedling growth were examined. For this goal, the extract was prepared from the shoot and roots of Eucalyptus camaldulensis firstly. The extract was diluted by adding distilled water to 0 (control), 25, 50, 75 and 100 percent. The effect of the four mentioned treatments, as well as distilled water as control were studied in four repetitions on seed germination using a completely randomized design. Results showed that there were significant differences among the measured characteristics for germination percentage and speed, length of root, length of shoot, length seedling and vigority index (p<1%) in all three species. Comparison of means indicated that increasing the concentration of allelopathic extract of Eucalyptus decreased seed germination and initial growth of seedlings in all three species significantly. The highest germination percentage and speed was belonging to Hibiscus sabdariffa (60% and 3.5) at zero concentration (control). Also, germination of Datura stramonium done only until concentration of 25 percent (20%) and at concentrations 50, 75 and 100 % it was zero. According to the results Datura stramonium had more sensibility than two other species related to allelopathic effect of Eucalyptus camaldulensis. Generally, it is recommended not to plant eucalyptus as a windbreak with medicinal species Cassia angustifolia, Datura stramonium and Hibiscus sabdariffa as much as possible in the study area.
Esmaeil Sheidai Karkaj; Esfandiar Jahantab; Zahra Mahmoodi
Abstract
Plant growth and yield in the environment is affected by numerous biotic and abiotic environmental stresses as well as seed dormancy. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of seed washing treatments with sulfuric acid and irrigation of seeds with saline water on seed germination ...
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Plant growth and yield in the environment is affected by numerous biotic and abiotic environmental stresses as well as seed dormancy. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of seed washing treatments with sulfuric acid and irrigation of seeds with saline water on seed germination of Zygophyllum fabago. According to previous relevant researches, for this purpose, three concentrations of 0, 10 and 20% were prepared for acid washing treatment. For salinity treatment, four levels were considered: 0, 60, 90 and 120 mmol / l. Irrigation with spray water was applied evenly on all pteridia when necessary. Germinated seeds were counted daily and continued until no increase in the number of germinated seeds was observed .Comparison of the mean of the main effect of different levels of acid treatment on the germination percentage of Z. fabago showed that zero and ten percent acid concentration treatments with 59 and 60 percent have a higher value. Regarding the comparison of the mean of the interaction effects of acid and salinity, the results showed that the best treatment combination is zero percent acid and zero salinity of ten and ten millimoles per liter. Therefore, Z. fabago species needs low concentrations of salinity and sulfuric acid for optimal growth. Therefore, it can be used to improve and rehabilitate rangeland ecosystems according to the salinity of the area.
Morteza Saberi; Soheila noori; Fahimeh Rashidi
Abstract
Germination is one of the most important stages of plant growth that may be affected by different stresses in natural environments. This study was kind aimed to investigate the effects of substrate and different levels of gibberellic and indole butyric acid on germination characteristics of ...
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Germination is one of the most important stages of plant growth that may be affected by different stresses in natural environments. This study was kind aimed to investigate the effects of substrate and different levels of gibberellic and indole butyric acid on germination characteristics of Salvadora persica seeds in 2019. Two factors was considered consist of substrate (in four types (1- pit moss, 2 - cocopit and 3 - pit moss 50% + sand 50% 4 - Cocopit 50% + 50% sand), and gibberellic acid (in two levels 250 and 500 ppm) and indole butyric acid (in two levels 250 and 500 ppm). Then, the effect of these two factors and distilled water as the control in three replications on seed germination and seedling growth of Salvadora persica was investigated using a completely randomized factorial design. The results showed that the substrate had a significant effect on germination percentage, root length, shoot length, seedling, fresh root weight, shoot fresh weight and seed vigor index (p < 0.01). Seed pretreatment with gibberellic and indole butyric acid hormones had a significant effect on all studied characteristics. Interaction of substrate type and pretreatment with hormones had a significant effect on germination percentage, root length, shoot length, seedling and seed vigor index (p < 0.01) and had no significant effect on root and shoot fresh weight. The highest germination percentage was obtained in cocopeat and gibberellic acid 250 ppm (73%).
Morteza Saberi; Alireza shahriari; Marziyeh bozorgmehr
Abstract
An experiment was performed aimed to investigate the effects of priming and salinity on germination and seedling growth of Stipagrostis plumose in factorial test and completely randomized design with four replications in laboratory condition. The first factor was priming consist of salicylic acid with ...
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An experiment was performed aimed to investigate the effects of priming and salinity on germination and seedling growth of Stipagrostis plumose in factorial test and completely randomized design with four replications in laboratory condition. The first factor was priming consist of salicylic acid with three levels (100, 200 and 300 mg/l), gibberellic acid with three levels (125, 250 and 500 ppm), ascorbic acid with three levels (100, 200 and 300 mg/l), and water as control, and the second factor was salinity treatment in six levels (0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, 1.2, 1.6 m/l). The measurement characteristics were speed of germination, percent of germination, root length, shoot length, seedling length and seed vigor. Results indicated that salt stress had inhibitive effect on germination and early seedling growth of S. plumosa. All chemical stimulators increased the germination characteristics of this plant. Also, the interaction of the tested treatments showed that gibberellic acid 250 ppm has the highest effect on improvement of germination characteristics under all levels of salinity stress. We conclude that priming seeds by gibberllic acid can increase resistance the germination of S. plumosa in areas prone to salinity.
Mojtaba Piri; Alireza Khavaninzadeh; Hamid Sodaeizadeh
Abstract
Effect of Salicylic acid as a pre-treatment, on germination indices of Foeniculum vulgare Mill, Cynara scolymus L. and Nigella sativa under salinity stress was evaluated by a factorial arrangement in a completely randomized design with four replications. Salicylic acid and salinity were considered in ...
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Effect of Salicylic acid as a pre-treatment, on germination indices of Foeniculum vulgare Mill, Cynara scolymus L. and Nigella sativa under salinity stress was evaluated by a factorial arrangement in a completely randomized design with four replications. Salicylic acid and salinity were considered in 4 levels (0, 0.5, 1 and 2 mM) and (0, 50, 100 and 200 mM) respectively. The results showed that salinity and pre-treatment of salicylic acid significantly affect all indices of germination of three species. Results showed increasing salinity led to decreasing the most measured germination traits. Pre-treatment with salicylic acid improved all germination indices under salinity stress conditions compared to control seeds for all three species and resistant to salinity is decreased in Cynara scolymus L. Foeniculum vulgare Mill, and Nigella sativa respectively. The highest percentage ( more than 96%) and rate of germination in Cynara scolymus was observed at levels of 0.5 and 1 mM salicylic acid ( more than 3.4 n/day). The most improvement of germination traits in Cynara scolymus L., and Nigella sativa was observed at pretreatment 0.5 and 1 mM and for Foeniculum vulgare at 1 mM. Therefore, it can be concluded that the use of salicylic acid as a pre-treatment improves the germination traits of Artichoke, Corn cockle and Fennel under salinity stress at different concentrations.
Mysam shafie; Mohammad Ali Alizadeh; Ali Ashraf Jafari
Abstract
In order to study, the effect of pre-cooling treatment, osmotic potential and water stress on some population of two species of Satureja bachtiarica and Satureja sahendica was studied by a factorial experiment based on completely randomized design with three replications in laboratory and greenhouse ...
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In order to study, the effect of pre-cooling treatment, osmotic potential and water stress on some population of two species of Satureja bachtiarica and Satureja sahendica was studied by a factorial experiment based on completely randomized design with three replications in laboratory and greenhouse conditions during one year in the gene bank of Institute of forests and range lands by the years of 2010-2011. In laboratory, treatment were including: cold and osmotic potential making of polyethylenglycol (PEG) 6000 Da in 5 concentrations (0, -0.3, -0.6, -0.9, -1.2 Mgapascal) compared with control. In greenhouse, treatment were including: cold and drought stress in five levels of field capacity (100,80,60,40,20) compared with control. Result showed that seed germination and seed emergence were decreased as rate of 33% and 6% in order of laboratory and greenhouse condition with increasing of osmotic potential and water stress while the ratio of root to shoot and ratio of dry weight to fresh weight was increased. In both experimental conditions, the most of the seed characteristics were higher with pre-cooling than other treatments. In response to osmotic potential in germinator, and dry stress in greenhouse, Bijar 2 population from Sahandy savory and piranshar from bachtiary savory showed more tolerant to dry stress due to have more vigor index and ratio of dry weight to fresh weight and they introduced as superior population.Comparing of the population showed that population of the takestan of Sahandy savory had lower tolerance.
Reyhane Azimi; Mohammad Khajeh Hosseini; Farnosh Falahpor
Abstract
Bromus kopetdaghensis is one of perennial plants of Poaceae family and it is important in biodiversity of arid and semi arid grasslands of Iran. This experiment was conducted as a completely randomized design with 4 replications in laboratory of faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, ...
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Bromus kopetdaghensis is one of perennial plants of Poaceae family and it is important in biodiversity of arid and semi arid grasslands of Iran. This experiment was conducted as a completely randomized design with 4 replications in laboratory of faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran.Treatments were different constant temperature of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, and 40°C with 4 replications and in each replication 25 seeds were used. The results showed significant effects on different germination features of Bromus kopetdaghensis. The lowest germination rate (with 2.26 seed per day) was obtained at 5°C and the highest (with 11.39 seed per day) at 30°C. The maximum and minimum length of caulicle was obtained at 35°C (with 9.41cm) and 10°C (with 2.48cm), respectively. Maximum length of radical was also observed at 35°C (with 9.62cm) and minimum length of radical was observed at 10 and 20°C, without significant different with 3.63 and 3.48 cm. Based on the regression analysis between rate of germination and temperature the cardinal temperature of maximum, optimum, and minimum were obtained in the range of 0.71-4.25, 24-30.36 and 41.01-45.48, respectively.
Mojtaba Akhavan Armaki; Hossein Azarnavand; Mohammad Hasan Asareh; Ali Ashraf Jafari; Ali Tavili
Abstract
Environmental stress especially drought is one of the most important factors to reduce and disturbance in different stages of floral growth especially sprouting in dry and semi-dry lands of Iran. For this purpose a factorial essay executed in accidentally manner with four iterations in vitro condition. ...
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Environmental stress especially drought is one of the most important factors to reduce and disturbance in different stages of floral growth especially sprouting in dry and semi-dry lands of Iran. For this purpose a factorial essay executed in accidentally manner with four iterations in vitro condition. Four genotypes of Bromus tomentellus pasture types were used (92 Tehran, 630 Kordestan, 3414 Shahrekord and 9507 Lorestan) and four drought care (-3, -6 and -9 times distilled water). In this essay the sprouting percentage, Root length, Shoot length, Seedling length, Root length to Shoot length rate, Seedling dry weight, Seedling fresh weight, dry to fresh weight rate sprouting rate and seed health index were determined. The result showed that the with stress drought increase, all attributes except the dry weight to fresh weight proportion reduced significantly. The reduction in all under assessment properties were from -3 to -6 in potential. In general, in tested genotypes, Lorestan (9507) genotype showed a better sprouting in under study potentials and had a meaningful preference to other genotypes. From assessed parameters, Seedling length and seed index standard showed the most possible reaction to changing potential of water. The best levels to assess the stability to drought were the -6 and -9 load potentials in all drought levels.
Salman Zare; ali Tavili; ali Shahbazi; akbar Riyahi
Volume 63, Issue 1 , June 2010, , Pages 29-40
Abstract
The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of different concentration of salicylic acid on enhancement germination characteristics of Sanguisorba minor L. under salt and drought stress. The experimental design was factorial arranged in a completely randomized block design with four replications. ...
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The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of different concentration of salicylic acid on enhancement germination characteristics of Sanguisorba minor L. under salt and drought stress. The experimental design was factorial arranged in a completely randomized block design with four replications. Treatment were combination of 5 levels of salt and drought stress, separately (0, -0.3, -0.6, -0.9 and -1.2 Mpa) and 4 concentration of salicylic acid (0 as a control, 100, 200 and 300 mg/lit). The results revealed that all germination characteristics decreased by increasing strength of salt and drought stress but treated seeds showed lower decrease. Application of salicylic acid increased germination percentage and rate and also decreased mean germination time significantly, but had no effect on root, shoot and seedling length. Since 200 and 300 mg/lit concentrations of Salicylic acid had more effect than the 100 mg/lit on germination attributes, on the other hand no significant difference was observed between 200 and 300 mg/lit concentrations. Considering the economic issues and also considering this fact that higher concentrations of salicylic acid may lead to accelerated stress in plant, 200 mg/lit salicylic acid concentration was suggested in S. minor in order to improve germination and seedling establishment under salt and drought stress.
