ارزیابی کمی تنش آبی در استان خراسان رضوی: رهیافتی ترکیبی با استفاده از شاخص فقر آب (WPI)

غلامی, محمد; کاظم زاده, مجید

doi:10.22059/jrwm.2024.377111.1766

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

¹ گروه مدیریت مناطق خشک و بیابانی، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

² استادیار گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، دانشگاه فردوسی، مشهد، ایران

10.22059/jrwm.2024.377111.1766

چکیده

استفاده نادرست از منابع آبی، سبب کمبود آب و در پی آن ایجاد مشکلات متعددی برای انسان‌ها شده است. لذا، ارزیابی تنش آبی می‌تواند به مدیریت پایدار منابع آبی کمک کند. شاخص فقر آب (WPI) به عنوان ابزاری ترکیبی، عوامل تاثیرگزار بر وضعیت آب در یک منطقه مشخص را در قالب 5 معیار مهم منابع، دسترسی، ظرفیت، مصرف و محیط زیست ارزیابی می‌کند. در پژوهش حاضر، استان خراسان رضوی، به 22 محدوده مطالعاتی تفکیک و از WPI به منظور ارزیابی تنش آبی آن‌ها استفاده شد. مطابق نتایج WPI، محدوده درگز با امتیاز 63/50 بهترین و محدوده کاشمر؛ کوهسرخ؛ خلیل‌آباد با امتیاز 20/20 بدترین وضعیت آبی را نسبت به سایر محدوده‌ها به خود اختصاص دادند. میانگین WPI برای کل استان، عدد 41/34 بدست آمد که نشان‌دهنده وضعیت بحرانی آب می‌باشد. میانگین 5 معیار منابع، دسترسی، ظرفیت، مصرف و محیط زیست نیز برای کل استان به ترتیب 41/19، 35/36، 23/31، 06/38 و 05/47 بدست آمدند که با توجه به مقادیر معیارهای مصرف و منابع، مصرف آب، 96/1 برابر منابع آبی می‌باشد. بنابراین، بهره‌وری بی‌رویه از منابع آبی، مخصوصا در بخش کشاورزی و عدم توجه به توسعه پایدار و آستانه تاب‌آوری اکوسیستم‌ها به عنوان مهمترین بخش تولید آب، مهم‌ترین اشتباهات استراتژیک مدیریتیِ مسبب بحران آبی شناخته شدند. لذا، ایجاد توازن بین مصرف آب و منابع آبی، اختصاص بخشی از آب به نیاز آبی اکوسیستم‌ها، استفاده از ظرفیت جامعه علمی در مدیریت منابع آب، کاهش وابستگی اقتصادی به کشاورزی و ... می‌توانند به عنوان نقشه راه مدیریت منابع آبی جهت جلوگیری از بحرانی‌تر شدن شرایط موجود باشند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Assessing Water Scarcity in Razavi Khorasan Province: A Combined Approach Using the Water Poverty Index (WPI)

نویسندگان [English]

Mohammad Gholami ¹
Majid Kazemzadeh ²

¹ Department of Desert Areas Management, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

² Department of Range and Watershed Management, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

چکیده [English]

The inappropriate utilization of water resources has led to water shortages and numerous challenges for humanity. Assessing water scarcity can significantly contribute to sustainable water resource management. The Water Poverty Index (WPI), as a composite tool, assesses the factors affecting the water condition in a specific area using five critical criteria: Resources, Access, Capacity, Use, and Environment. in the present study, Razavi Khorasan province was divided into 22 study areas, then the water poverty index was used to assess the water scarcity in each of them. WPI results revealed that the Darghz study area scored 50.63, indicating the best water condition, while the Kashmir study area, Red Mountain, and Khalilabad had the worst water conditions, scoring 20/20 compared to other regions. The average of WPI for the entire province was 34.41, indicating an unfavorable state of water scarcity in this region. The average values for the five criteria—resources, access, capacity, consumption, and environment—across the entire province were 19.41, 36.35, 31.23, 38.06, and 47.05, respectively, that according to Use and Resource criteria, water utilization in this province exceeds available water resources by a factor of 1.96. According to this, overexploitation of water resources, particularly in the agricultural sector, and neglecting sustainable development and resilience thresholds of natural ecosystems were identified as significant management strategic mistakes contributing to water scarcity in this province. Therefore, make a balance between water utilization and available resources, allocating a portion of water for the natural ecosystems requirements, and reducing economic reliance on agriculture, can serves as a roadmap for water resources management to effective water resource management and prevent further deterioration of the current situation.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Razavi Khorasan Province
Sustainable development
Water scarcity
Water Poverty Index
Water Resources

مراجع

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نشریه علمی - پژوهشی مرتع و آبخیزداری

ارزیابی کمی تنش آبی در استان خراسان رضوی: رهیافتی ترکیبی با استفاده از شاخص فقر آب (WPI)

مراجع

مراجع

دوره 78، شماره 1
فروردین 1404
صفحه 49-72

ارزیابی کمی تنش آبی در استان خراسان رضوی: رهیافتی ترکیبی با استفاده از شاخص فقر آب (WPI)

مراجع

مراجع

دوره 78، شماره 1فروردین 1404صفحه 49-72

دوره 78، شماره 1
فروردین 1404
صفحه 49-72