نشریه علمی - پژوهشی مرتع و آبخیزداری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموختۀ کارشناسی ارشد مرتع داری، دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ایران.

2 استادیار پژوهشی، بخش تحقیقات مرتع، موسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

3 استادیار پژوهشی، بخش تحقیقات مرتع، مؤسسۀ تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران.

4 دانشیار پژوهشی، بخش تحقیقات مرتع، موسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

هیدروکربن­های نفتی از جمله آلاینده­های پایدار سمی بوده که تهدیدی اساسی برای اکوسیستم به­شمار می­رود. گیاه­پالایی، شامل استفاده از گیاهان برای پاکسازی خاک­های آلوده، یک روش مؤثر و اقتصادی در کاهش آلودگی­های نفتی خاک است. در این پژوهش پتانسیل گیاه­پالایی گیاهان مرتعی Agropyron intermedium و Dactylis glomerata  بر خاک آلوده با غلظت­های مختلف نفت خام (20، 30، 40 و 50 درصد) برای مدت 120 روز در شرایط گلخانه­ای مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. در انتهای تحقیق، تغییرات فاکتورهای زیستی (ارتفاع اندام­هوایی، وزن خشک
اندام­هوایی و وزن خشک ریشه) هر کدام از گونه­ها و تغییرات هیدروکربن­های نفتی خاک اندازه­گیری گردید و نتایج با استفاده از نرم­افزار SPSS تجزیه و تحلیل شد. روند منحنی سینتیک زوال درصد ترکیبات نفتی برای محاسبۀ مدت زمان لازم برای تجزیۀ هیدروکربن­های نفتی، ارزیابی گردید. نتایج نشان داد سه شاخصۀ مهم فاکتورهای زیستی هر دو گونه در تیمارهای مختلف، تفاوت معنی­داری با تیمار شاهد داشتند. آنالیز حاصل از تغییرات درصد ترکیبات نفتی نشان داد، گیاه Ag.intermedium با کاهش 81/79 درصد مواد نفتی در تیمار 20 درصد و 54/58 درصد کاهش در تیمار 50 درصد، توانایی بهتری نسبت به گیاه D.glomerataدر گیاه­پالایی خاک­های آلوده به مواد نفتی را دارد. نتایج حاصل از آنالیز درصد ترکیبات نفتی نمونه­های خاک و برازش آن با سه مدل سینتیک درجۀ صفر، سینتیک درجۀ اول و مدل هیگوچی، در هر دو گونه نشان داد که مدل سینتیک درجۀ اول مناسب­ترین مدل برای شبیه­سازی روند تغییرات مقادیر هیدروکربن­های نفتی خاک می­باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluate the potential of Agropyron intermedium (Host) P. Beauv. and Dactylis glomerata L. species in phytoremediation of soil contaminated with crude oil in terms of greenhouse

نویسندگان [English]

  • Javad Daeizadeh 1
  • MAHSHID souri 2
  • Ehsan Zandi Isfahan 3
  • javad motamedi 4

1 Forest, Range and Watershad Management Organization

2 Assistant Professor, Rangeland Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran

3 Assistant Professor, Rangeland Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran.

4 Professor associated, Rangeland Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons are toxic and persistent pollutants that are considered as fundamental threat to the ecosystem. Phytoremediation, the use of plants for remediation of contaminated soils, is an effective and affordable way to reduce soil pollution. In this study, the potential phytoremediation of pasture plants i.e. Agropyron intermedium and Dactylisglomerata in soil contaminated with crude oil of different concentrations (20, 30, 40 and 50 percent) was scrutinized for 120 days under greenhouse condition. At the end of the study, changes in biological factors (shoot height, shoot dry weight and root dry weight) of each species and changes in petroleum hydrocarbons of soil were measured and results were analyzed using SPSS software. The process of decay kinetics curve of petroleum percent was used to calculate the time it takes for decomposition of petroleum hydrocarbons. Results showed that three main features of biological factors of both studied species in different treatments were significantly different compared to control group. Analysis of changes in petroleum hydrocarbons indicated that Agropyronintermedium reduced 79.81 percent of oil in the treatment of 20% and reduced 58.54 percent of oil in the treatment of 50%. Therefore, it has higher phytoremediation ability in comparison with Dactylisglomerata. The results of the analysis of petroleum in soil samples, fitted with zero-order kinetic model showed that the first order kinetic model is the best model for simulating the trend of changes of Petroleum hydrocarbon of the soil

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Phytoremediation
  • Rangeland plants
  • Crude Oil
  • Agropyron intermedium
  • Dactylis glomerata
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