نشریه علمی - پژوهشی مرتع و آبخیزداری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری بیابانزدایی دانشکده منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران

2 استاد دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، ایران.

3 استاد دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی،‌ دانشگاه تهران، ایران.

4 دانشیار‌ دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی،‌ دانشگاه تهران، ایران.

5 دانشیار دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی،‌ دانشگاه تهران، ایران.

چکیده

در این تحقیق، به ارزیابی اثر تغییرات کاربری اراضی بر منابع آب زیرزمینی و پایش تغییرات مکانی و زمانی پارامتر‌های کمی و کیفی آب زیر‌زمینی در حوضۀ غرب تالاب جازموریان پرداخته شد. به‌طوری‌که به منظور بررسی روند تغییرات کاربری اراضی از تصاویر ماهوارۀ‌ لندست، سنجنده‌ها2002 TM و 2015OLI با استفاده از روش حداکثر احتمال، استفاده گردید، همچنین جهت ارزیابی پارامتر‌های کمی و کیفی آب زیر‌زمینی نیز از اطلاعات چاه‌های آب زیر‌زمینی در سال‌های 1381 تا 1394 استفاده شد. در این راستا نقشۀ پهنه‌بندی تغییرات مکانی و زمانی پارامتر‌های کمی و کیفی آب زیر‌زمینی با استفاده از بهترین روش درون‌یابی در محیط نرم‌افزار ArcGIS تهیه گردید. نتایج بدست آمده از ارزیابی بهترین روش درون‌یابی نشان داد که روش کریجینگ دارای کمترین خطا می‌باشد. بر طبق نتایج بدست آمده، طی سال‌های مطالعاتی در منطقۀ مورد نظر، افزایش وسعت کاربری‌های مسکونی و کشاورزی و نیز کاهش وسعت کاربری‌های خشکه‌رود، سد، مراتع و اراضی بایر و کوهستانی در سال 1394 نسبت به سال 1381رخ داده است که این تغییرات نشان‌دهندۀ افزایش تخریب و وضعیت ناپایدار در منطقه است و از عوامل مستقیم اثر‌گذار بر منابع آب زیرزمینی می‌باشد و در پی این تغییرات، در قسمت‌های جنوبی حوزۀ مطالعاتی، کمیت و کیفیت آب زیر‌زمینی کاهش یافته است که از علل آن می‌توان به احداث سد جیرفت‌ بر روی رودخانۀ دائمی هلیل‌رود، و رها نکردن حق‌آبه و افزایش وسعت کاربری‌های شهری و کشاورزی اشاره کرد که باعث شده است تا به تبع آن کمیت و کیفیت آب زیرزمینی در این بخش‌ها با گذشت زمان کاهش یابد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Assessing the effect of land use changes on groundwater quality and quantity (Case study: west basin of Jazmoryan wetland)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hamed Eskandari Damaneh 1
  • Gholamreza Zehtabian 2
  • Ali Salajegheh 3
  • Mehdi Ghorbani 4
  • Hassan Khosravi 5

1 PhD student, faculty of natural resource, university of Tehran

2 Faculty or Natural Resources, University of Tehran

3 دانشگاه تهران

4 University of Tehran

5 Associate Professor, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran

چکیده [English]

In this study, the effect of land use changes on groundwater resources as well as monitoring of spatial and temporal changes of groundwater quantitative and qualitative parameters were assessed in west basin of Jazmoryan Wetland. Landsat satellite images of TM 2002 and OLI 2015 sensors by applying of Maximum Likelihood Method were used to investigate land use changes trend. Also, information related to wells in years of 2002 to 2015 was used to assess groundwater quantitative and qualitative parameters. To do this, zoning maps of spatial and temporal changes of groundwater quantitative and qualitative parameters were prepared using the best interpolation method in ArcGIS software. The results related to evaluation of the best interpolation method showed that Kriging method had the least error. According to the results of this study, the area of agricultural and urban land uses has been increased, while the area of ephemeral stream, dam, rangelands, bare and mountain land uses has been decreased in 1394 compared to 1381.These changes indicate the increased degradation as well as unstable conditions of the region that adversely affect groundwater resources. As a result of these changes, groundwater quality in southern parts of the study area has been declined. Among the factor causing this declined groundwater quality are construction of Jiroft dam on Halil-rood permanent river, lack of water right and expanded urban and agricultural lands which have caused decrease in groundwater quality over time.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Groundwater
  • Land Use Change
  • West Basin of Jazmoryan Wetland
  • interpolation
  • Kriging
 
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