نشریه علمی - پژوهشی مرتع و آبخیزداری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، عمران سازه هیدرولیکی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مشهد

2 استادیار گروه عمران، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مشهد

3 استادیار گروه فارماکوگنوزی دانشکده داروسازی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، ایران

چکیده

هدف از این مطالعه بررسی پتانسیل برخی گیاهان برای گیاه‌پالایی خاک آلوده به فلزات سرب، روی، کادمیوم و مس می­باشد. برای انجام این مطالعه چهار گونۀ گیاهی بومادران (Achillea  millefolium)، آگروپایرون (Agropyron elongatum)، بوفالوگرس (Bouteloua dactyloides) و آرتمیزیا (Artemisia sieberi) کشت شدند و نمونه‌های گیاهی با پساب تصفیه‌خانه آبیاری شدند. نتایج نشان داد در مورد گیاهان، سه گیاه B. dactyloides، A. sieberi، A. millefolium انتقال دهندۀ خوب فلزات به اندام­های هوایی خود می­باشند که مناسب برای استخراج گیاهی (مهم­ترین تکنیک گیاه‌پالایی) هستند. گونۀ  A. elongatum  فلزات مس و سرب را بیشتر در ریشه تجمع می­دهد. این خصوصیت مناسب فن‌آوری تثبیت گیاهی می­باشد. همچنین توانایی چهار گونۀ گیاهی جهت گیاه‌پالایی، به شرح زیر است­: B. dactyloides < A. millefolium < A. sieberi = A. elongatum­. گیاه B. dactyloides جهت گیاه‌پالایی هر چهار فلز سنگین مناسب می‌باشد. برای گیاه B. dactyloides مقدار فاکتور انتقال گیاهی (TF) در فلزات روی، مس، سرب و کادمیوم به ترتیب: 17/1 و 09/1 و 02/1 و 41/1 و مقدار فاکتور غلظت فلز (BCF) برای آن در فلزات فوق به ترتیب: 77/1 و 22/1 و 95/0 و 37/1 می­باشد. با توجه به اینکه گیاه B. dactyloides تحمل بالایی نسبت به خشکسالی و دمای بالا دارد و همچنین مناسب جهت چمن‌کاری می­باشد، پیشنهاد می­شود از این گونه جهت گیاه‌پالایی خاک‌های آلوده به فلزات سنگین مناطق آلوده و همچنین چمن‌کاری استفاده گردد که علاوه بر پاکسازی خاک از فلزات سنگین و مناسب بودن با آب­و­هوای بومی بسیاری از مناطق ایران و نیاز کم به آبیاری، به زیبایی بصری محیط هم کمک می­کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Examining and introducing plant species in the process of soil refining of lands contaminated with heavy metals by irrigation with gray watersr

نویسندگان [English]

  • reza hamed moghadam salari 1
  • Abbas Ali Ghezelsofloo 2
  • milad Iranshahy 3

1 civil Eng. Department, Islamic Azad University of Mashhad

2 Assistant professor, civil Eng. Department, Islamic Azad University of Mashhad,iran

3 Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy,Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

چکیده [English]

The purpose of this study is to investigate the potential of some plants for Phytoremediation of soil contaminated with lead, zinc, cadmium and copper. To do this, four plant species of Achillea millefolium, Agropyron elongatum, Bouteloua dactyloides and Artemisia sieberi were cultivated and plant samples were irrigated with refinery wastewater. The results showed that in terms of plants, Bouteloua dactyloides, Artemisia sieberi and Achillea millefolium are good transfer of metals to their aerial parts which is suitable for plant extraction (the most important technique of Phytoremediation). Agropyron elongatum mostly accumulates copper and lead metals in the root. This is a proper feature of phytostabilization. Also the capability of these four plants species for Phytoremediation is as follows: Bouteloua dactyloides> of Achillea millefolium> Artemisia sieberi = Agropyron elongatum. Bouteloua dactyloides is proper for Phytoremediation of all heavy metals. For Bouteloua dactyloides, plant transfer factor (TF) in metals: zinc, copper, lead and cadmium is 1.17 and 1.9, 1.12 and 1.41, respectively, and bio concentration factor (BCF) for that in these metals are 1.77 and 1.22, 0.95 and 1.37, respectively. Since Bouteloua dactyloides has high tolerance to drought and high temperatures and is also suitable for lawn making, it is suggested that this type of species is used for Phytoremediation of soils contaminated with heavy metals in polluted areas as well as lawn making so that in addition to soil cleansing from heavy metals and being proper with native climates in many parts of Iran and having low irrigation requirements.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Achillea millefolium
  • Agropyron elongatum
  • Artemisia sieberi
  • Bouteloua dactyloides
  • Heavy metals
  • Phytoremediation
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