نشریه علمی - پژوهشی مرتع و آبخیزداری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار دانشکدة محیط‌زیست کرج، البرز، ایران.

2 استادیار دانشکدة منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران.

3 دانشیار دانشکدة محیط‌زیست کرج، البرز، ایران.

4 دانشجوی عمران محیط‌زیست، دانشکدة محیط‌زیست کرج، البرز، ایران.

چکیده

یکی از روش‌های معمول برای کنترل حرکت ماسه­های روان و کنترل گرد و غبار­های حاصله، مالچ پاشی بر سطح آن‌ها است. با وجود استفاده­های مکرر از مالچ­های نفتی، به دلیل هزینه­های بسیار سنگین و مشکلات زیست‌محیطی، پژوهش­ها و تلاش­ها برای تولید مالچ­های جدید سازگار با محیط­زیست رو به افزایش است. در این تحقیق، از نسبت­های مختلف سیمان، آهک، ماسه بادی و سرباره فولاد به‌عنوان مالچ سیمانی-سرباره­ای برای تثبیت نمونه­های ماسه­زارهای منطقة رباط کریم استفاده شده است. استفاده از سرباره فولاد به دلیل مزیت­های زیست‌محیطی حذف پسماند و خاصیت پوزلانی آن برای جایگزینی به جای قسمتی از سیمان می­باشد. برای یافتن اختلاط بهینه و کاهش نمونه­های آزمایشگاهی از روش طراحی آزمایش مخلوط استفاده شد و تأثیر درصد مختلف مواد تشکیل دهنده بر مقاومت برشی، فشاری، ضربه­ای و درصد رطوبت تیمارهای مالچ سیمانی-سرباره­ای بررسی شد. نتایج نشان می­دهد که افزودن سرباره باعث افزایش مقاومت فشاری و برشی و همچنین قابلیت نگهداری رطوبت در مالچ ترکیبی جدید می­شود. درنهایت با توسعة مدل ریاضی نتایج آزمایش­ها، شش حالت مختلف برای بهینه­سازی ترکیب مالچ سیمانی-سرباره­ای در نظر گرفته شد، که تیمار 731/68%  ماسه، 27% سیمان، 979/2% سرباره فولاد و 3/1% آهک، بهترین ترکیب با در نظر گرفتن تمامی شاخص­ها به دست آمد. برای اعتبارسنجی نتایج بدست آمده از مدل ریاضی شش ترکیب بهینه مجدداً ساخته شده و آزمایش­ها مجدداً بر روی آن­ها صورت گرفته که نتایج بدست آمده حاکی از هم­خوانی قابل قبول بین مقادیر پیش­بینی شده و آزمایش شده می­باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Construction of cement-slag mulch using mixture experiments design for fixation of sand dunes

نویسندگان [English]

  • Yousef Azimi 1
  • Salman Zare 2
  • Hamid Sarkheil 1
  • Javad Bodaghjamali 3
  • Siayamac Heshmati 4

1 Faculty Member of Department of Human Environment, College of Environment, Karaj, Iran;

2 Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

3 Faculty Member of Department of Human Environment, College of Environment, Karaj, Iran;

4 Student of Department of Human Environment, College of Environment

چکیده [English]

Mulching on the ground surface is one of the common approaches for fixing the sandy dunes and controlling dust. Despite the frequent use of oil mulch, due to its heavy costs and environmental problems, researches are focused on producing new environmentally friendly mulches. In this research, different treatments of cement, lime, wind sands and steel-slag, as cement-slag mulch, have been used to fix the sand dunes samples prepared from Robat-Karim region. Steel-slag is added to the mulch composition because of the benefits of waste reduction from environment and replacement of a part of the cement in the mulch composition because of Steel-slag pozzolanic property. To reduce the number of tests and find the optimal composition of the mulch, statistical mixture design approach was used. Furthermore, the effect of different percentages of the ingredients on shear, compression and impact strength and moisture content of cement-slag treatments were investigated. Results show that the addition of steel-slag increases the compressive and shear strength as well as the ability to maintain soil moisture in the proposed mulch. Finally, developing the mathematical model of the experiments, six different objective functions were considered for optimizing the composition of the proposed cement-slage mulch. As a result combination of 68.731% sand, 27% cement, 2.979% steel-slag and 1.3% lime were the best mulch considering all the objective functions. To validate the results of the optimization, six optimal compositions were re-constructed and the tested again. Obtained results showed an acceptable consistency between the predicted and tested values.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Dust
  • Cement mulch
  • Mixture design
  • Steel Slag
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