نشریه علمی - پژوهشی مرتع و آبخیزداری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری سنجش از دور، دانشکدۀ علوم زمین، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

2 استادیار دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان

3 استاد دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان

چکیده

خاک یکی از مهم‌ترین عوامل تولید است که در زندگی اقتصادی و اجتماعی انسان تأثیر بسیار دارد و فرایند فرسایش خاک یکی از مشکلات محیطی است که تهدیدی برای محیط زیست، منابع طبیعی و کشاورزی به شمار می‌رود. اطلاعات زمانی و مکانی از میزان هدر رفت خاک و تأثیرگذاری فرسایش خاک بر سرزمین در اقدامات مدیریتی، کنترل فرسایش خاک و مدیریت حوزه‌های آبخیز نقش مؤثری دارد؛ بنابراین، این پژوهش با هدف مطالعۀ برآورد مکانی و زمانی فرسایش خاک در دوره‌های 1994، 1999، 2008 و 2015 در زیر حوضۀ مندرجان با مساحت 21100 هکتار واقع در غرب استان اصفهان با استفاده از فن‌آوری‌های سنجش از دور (RS) و سیسـتم اطلاعات جغرافیایی (GIS) انجام گرفت. در پژوهش حاضر ضمن بررسی‌های میـدانی، داده‌ها و اطلاعات مختلف شامل؛ لایۀ مدل رقومی ارتفاعی، تصاویر ماهواره‌ای، خاک و آمار مربوط به ایستگاه‌های باران‌سنجی به‌عنوان ابزار تحقیق مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. همچنین برآورد میزان فرسایش خاک در حوضۀ مطالعاتی با استفاده از مدل تجدیدنظر شدۀ جهانی فرسایش خاک (RUSLE) انجام شد. نتایج این مطالعه نشان داد که مقدار فرسایش خاک در سال 1994، 1999؛ 2008؛ و 2015 به ترتیب 001/0 تا 233، 001/0 تا 297، 001/0 تا 231 و 001/0 تا 215 تن بر " هکتار در سال" به دست آمد. همچنین عامل پستی و بلندی در منطقه با ضریب همبستگی 80 درصد بیشترین تأثیر را در برآورد میزان فرسایش سالانۀ خاک توسط مدل RUSLE داشته است. این پژوهش، مؤثر بودن فناوری‌های نوین سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی و سنجش از دور در شبیه‌سازی زمانی برای تخمین کمی، دقیق‌تر و نقطه‌ به‌ نقطه در کل منطقه برای به دست آوردن مقادیر فرسایش خاک را تأیید می‌کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Spatial and Temporal Evaluation of Soil Erosion using RUSLE model Landsat satellite image time series (Case Study: Menderjan, Isfahan)

نویسندگان [English]

  • shahin mohammadi 1
  • Hamidreza karimzadeh 2
  • saeid pourmanafi 2
  • Saeed Soltani 3

1 Student

2 Range and watershed management, natural resources, Isfahan university Technology,Isfahan, Iran

3 Rangeland and Watershed Group, faculty of natural resources ,Isfahan university technology.Iran

چکیده [English]

Soil is one of the most important production factors that has a great impact on human socio-economic life and the process of soil erosion is one of the environmental issues that threatens the environment, natural resources and agriculture. Spatial and temporal information of the soil loss and soil erosion on the land has a significant role in influencing management practices, soil erosion control and watershed management. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of studying the spatial and temporal estimation of soil erosion during 1994, 1999, 2008 and 2015 in the sub-basin of Menderjan with an area of 21100 hectares located in the west of Isfahan province using RS and GIS. In the present study, while conducting field studies, various data and information including the digital elevation model, satellite images, soil, and statistics on rain gauge stations were used as a research tool. Estimation of soil erosion in the study area was carried out using RUSLE Model. The results of this study showed that the amount of soil erosion in 1994, 1999, 2008 and 2015 was 0.001 to 233, 0.001 to 297, 0.001 to 231 and 0.001 to 215 "ton/”ha.year”. The topography factor in the study area with the correlation coefficient of 80% had the greatest effect on the estimation of annual soil erosion by the RUSLE model. This research corroborate the effectiveness of modern GIS technologies and remote sensing in temporal simulation for quantitative, exact, and point-to-point estimates in the whole area to obtain soil erosion content.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • modelling
  • Soil Erosion
  • Land cover change
  • soil conservation
  • Zayandeh-Rud Dam
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