نشریه علمی - پژوهشی مرتع و آبخیزداری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار پژوهشکده مطالعات توسعه سازمان جهاد دانشگاهی تهران، مامور در پژوهشکده حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، تهران

2 دانشجوی دکتری بیابانزدایی، گروه احیا مناطق خشک و کوهستانی، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران،

چکیده

خشکسالی یک پدیدة طبیعی و قابل تکرار است. در این پژوهش با استفاده از شاخص‌های SDI و GRI وضعیت خشکسالی‌ هیدرولوژیک ارزیابی و با شاخص­های خشکسالی هواشناسی مقایسه شد. در محیط MATLAB شاخص GRI تعیین گردید. مطابق نتایج، شاخص GRI در طی دورة آماری (1380-1394)، حداکثر شدت خشکسالی، 25/73- و حداکثر تداوم خشکسالی 79 ماه می‌باشد. این مقادیر در مقایسه با شاخص SDI در مقیاس زمانی یکسان و دورة آماری مشترک از مقادیر بالاتر برخوردار می­باشد. فراوانی گروه‌های مختلف شاخص GRI در دورة آماری 35 ساله نشان داد که خشکسالی نرمال دارای بیشترین درصد فراوانی می‌باشد. شاخص SDI از حداکثر تداوم بالاتری در مقیاس­های زمانی پایین نسبت به شاخص­های خشکسالی هواشناسی برخوردار است. فراوانی گروه‌های خشکسالی بر اساس شاخص SDI در دورة آماری برای مقیاس­های زمانی مختلف محاسبه گردید. نتایج حاصل از این بررسی نشان داد که SPEI در مقیاس 24 و 48 ماهه با 3 ماه تأخیر با شاخص GRI بیشترین همبستگی را دارد که حاکی از تأثیرگذاری خشکسالی هواشناسی بعد از گذشت دو سال و بیشتر بر منابع آب­زیرزمینی می­باشد. اطلاع از فاصلة زمانی بین وقوع خشکسالی هواشناسی به عنوان عامل اصلی دیگر خشکسالی­ها، به مدیران و برنامه­ریزان کمک خواهد کرد، تا اقدامات مدیریتی لازم جهت مقابله با خشکسالی ناشی از کمبود منابع آبی سطحی و زیرزمینی به عمل آورند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Hydro logical drought monitoring using SDI and GRI indicators In the watershed of Azam Herat, Yazd province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ghasem Mortezaii Frizhandi 1
  • maryam mirakbari 2

1 Associate Prof.Institute of development studies Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR)Tehran, Iran.

2 PhD Student in Combat Desertification, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tehran University, Iran, Iran(maryammirakbari@ut.ac.ir)

چکیده [English]

Drought is a natural and repetitive phenomenon. In this study, using SDI and GRI indicators, the hydrological drought condition was evaluated and compared with meteorological drought indicators.
In the MATLAB environment, the GRI index was determined. According to the results, the GRI index during the statistical period (1981-2015), the maximum drought severity was -73.25, and the maximum duration of drought was 79 months.
These values are higher than the SDI index in the same time scale and the common statistical period.
The Frequency of different groups of GRI indicator in the 35-year statistical period showed that normal drought had the highest percentage of abundance.
The SDI index has the highest maximum continuity in the low-level time scales compared to the drought indicators of the meteorology. Frequency of drought groups was calculated based on an SDI index for the statistical period for different time scales.
The results of this study showed that SPEI on 24 and 48 months scale with 3 month delay have the highest correlation with GRI which showed the impact of meteorological drought after two years has more effect on groundwater resources.
Knowing the time interval between the occurrence of meteorological drought as main cause of coming drought that could help planners and managers to take the necessary management measures to cope with the drought caused by a shortage of water resources including surface and groundwater.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • "SDI
  • GRI
  • "Cross correlation
  • "Azam river basin Harat
  • "Regional rainfall and temperature
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