نشریه علمی - پژوهشی مرتع و آبخیزداری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده مهندسی و فناوری کشاورزی، دانشکدگان کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، تهران

2 گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده مهندسی و فناوری کشاورزی، دانشکدگان کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، تهران.

3 گروه مهندسی احیاء مناطق خشک و کوهستانی، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشکدگان کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

10.22059/jrwm.2025.388077.1796

چکیده

قوچ و میش از مهم‌ترین گونه‌های حیات‌وحش ایران به ‌شمار می‌رود که در فهرست سرخ IUCN در رده آسیب‌پذیر (VU) قرار دارد. این گونه‌ نقشی کلیدی در پایداری اکوسیستم‌های مرتعی داشته و به حفظ تعادل زیستی و پویایی زیستگاه‌های طبیعی خود کمک می‌کند. اختلاف در ویژگی‌های سرزمین از قبیل اقلیم، پستی‌وبلندی، خاک، پوشش گیاهی، منابع آبی و کاربری سرزمین منجر به جداسازی واحدهای مختلف تناسب سرزمین برای این گونه خواهد شد. این پژوهش با دنبال‌کردن رفتار گوسفندان وحشی طی مدت 10 سال، با هدف شناسایی مهمترین عوامل مؤثر بر تناسب زیستگاه گونه‌ قوچ و میش وحشی و تهیه نقشه تناسب سرزمین با بهره‌گیری از الگوریتم‌های یادگیری ماشین و فرایند تحلیل سلسله‌مراتبی (AHP) در پارک ملی خبر انجام گرفت. نتایج نشان داد منطقه دارای تناسب زیستگاهی نسبتاً خوب برای‌ قوچ و میش است. ارتفاع، شیب، پوشش گیاهی و فاصله از آب مهم‌ترین عوامل مؤثر بر تناسب سرزمین برای گونه مورد‌‌نظر‌ بودند. اعتبارسنجی نتایج با استفاده از ضریب کاپا و شاخص دقت کلی، سطح بالایی از دقت در یافته‌ها را نشان می‌دهد و اهمیت استفاده از مدل‌های یادگیری ماشین و AHP را در مطالعات ارزیابی تناسب سرزمین برجسته می‌سازد. نتایج می‌تواند به مدیران در درک نیازهای زیستگاهی گونه و شناسایی مناطق کلیدی برای حفاظت کمک کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Land suitability evaluation for Wild sheep (Ovis orientalis) habitat (a case study in Khabr National Park)

نویسندگان [English]

  • masoud salari 1
  • Fereydoon Sarmadian 2
  • Ali Salajegheh 3

1 Department of Soil science, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

2 Department of Soil science, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

3 Department of Reclamation of Arid and Mountainous Region, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

چکیده [English]

Wild sheep (Ovis orientalis) are a critical component of wildlife biodiversity in Iran and are categorized as Vulnerable (VU) on the IUCN Red List. This species plays a crucial role in maintaining the integrity of rangeland ecosystems and contributes to ecological balance within their habitats. Variations in land characteristics (including climate, topography, soil, vegetation, hydrological factors, and land use) result in distinct habitat suitability classifications for this species. This study involved long-term observational research on wild sheep behavior over a decade, aiming to identify the most influential factors affecting habitat suitability and to generate a habitat suitability map using machine learning algorithms alongside the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) in Khabr National Park. The findings indicate that the region has relatively high suitability for this species, with elevation, slope, vegetation cover, and proximity to water resources emerging as the most significant factors. Validation of the results using the kappa coefficient and the overall accuracy index confirms the high precision of the findings. This underscores the value of integrating machine learning models with AHP in habitat suitability assessments, aiding management in understanding the species’ ecological requirements and identifying priority conservation areas.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)
  • Habitat suitability
  • Khabr National Park
  • Machine learning
  • wild sheep
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