نشریه علمی - پژوهشی مرتع و آبخیزداری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه پژوهشی حفاظت آب و خاک، پژوهشکده حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

2 بخش تحقیقات مرتع موسسه جنگل‌ها و مراتع کشور، تهران، ایران

10.22059/jrwm.2025.394601.1827

چکیده

آگاهی از وضعیت کربن آلی خاک مراتع به منظور کنترل فرسایش و مدیریت حفاظت خاک از اهمیت ویژه‌ای برخوردار می‌باشد. هدف این پژوهش الویت‌بندی عوامل موثر، مدل‌سازی و پیش‌بینی میزان کربن آلی با استفاده از تصاویر ماهواره‌ای لندست 8، داده‌های رقومی ارتفاعی دقیق سنجنده ALOS و بکارگیری تلفیقی روش تجزیه عاملی و رگرسیون چندمتغیره در حوزه آبخیز سمیرم واقع در جنوب استان اصفهان می‌باشد. بدین‌منظور پس از تعیین واحدهای همگن و برداشت منظم تصادفی و مرکب 218 نمونه خاک از این واحدها، میزان کربن آلی، درصدهای شن، سیلت و رس در آزمایشگاه تعیین گردیدند. توسعه روش تلفیقی مذکور با استفاده از 15 متغیر طیفی و غیرطیفی و دودسته داده آموزشی (70درصد) و آزمایشی (30 درصد) نمونه‌های خاک به ترتیب به منظور اجرا و اعتبارسنجی مدل انجام شد. سپس الویت‌بندی عوامل، تعیین مولفه‌های اصلی و نقشه پهنه‌بندی مکانی میزان کربن آلی خاک تهیه گردید. درنهایت با استفاده از معیارهای اندازه‌گیری خطا اقدام به اعتبارسنجی و ارزیابی دقت مدل در مرحله آموزشی و آزمایشی گردید. نتایج نشان داد پانزده متغیر مستقل در قالب شش مولفه اصلی به ترتیب بنام‌های پوشش گیاهی، اندازه ذرات خاک، بازتابش سطحی، شکل سطح زمین، ذخیره رطوبتی و ویژگی شیمیایی بیش‌ترین سهم را در ذخیره کربن آلی خاک دارد و با توجه به معیارهای خطا و ضرایب همبستگی، مرحله اجرای مدل نسبت به پیش‌بینی با خطای کمتر، کارآمدی بیش‌تر، تغییرات بالاتری از کربن آلی در خاک را برآورد می‌نماید. همچنین طبقات میزان درصد کربن آلی خاک 0.70-0.80 و 1.20-2.35 به‌ترتیب با مساحت 24 و 6 درصد بیش‌ترین و کم‌ترین رخنمون سطح خاک‌های منطقه مورد مطالعه را به خود اختصاص می‌دهند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Digital mapping of soil organic carbon with emphasis on the role of environmental factors in part of Semirom rangeland: Isfahan Province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Kourosh Shirani 1
  • Morteza Khodagholi 2
  • Rostam Khalifehzadeh 2

1 Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran

2 Rangeland Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, AREEO, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

Awareness of organic carbon status of rangeland soil is important for erosion control and soil protection management. The aim of this study is to prioritize the effective factors, modelling and predicting organic carbon amount using Landsat 8 satellite imagery, accurate digital elevation model (DEM) related to ALOS sensor and the combined application of factor analysis and multivariate regression model in Semirom watershed located in the south of Isfahan province. For this purpose, after determining the homogeneous units and Stratified Random Sampling of 218 soil samples from these units, the amount of organic carbon, percentages of sand, silt and clay were determined in the laboratory. The development of the combined method was performed using 15 spectral and non-spectral variables and two sets of training data (70%) and test data (30%) of soil samples in order to implement and validate the model, respectively. Then, effective factor prioritization, determination of main components and spatial soil organic carbon zonation map were prepared. Finally, using error measurement criteria, the model was validated and evaluated in the training and test stages. The results showed that fifteen independent variables in the form of six principal components namely vegetation, soil particle size, surface reflectance, soil surface shape, moisture storage and chemical properties have the largest contribution in soil organic carbon storage. Based on the error evaluation metrics (RMSE) and correlation coefficients (R2), the model implementation stage (Training Phase), with respective values of 0.23 and 0.84, demonstrates higher efficiency and captures greater variability in soil organic carbon, as compared to the prediction stage (Test Phase) characterized by a higher error (0.27) and a lower correlation coefficient (0.80). Also, the soil organic carbon content classes of 0.70-0.80 and 1.20-2.35 with an area of 24% and 6% have the highest and lowest area outcrops of soils in the study area, respectively.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Factor analysis
  • modelling
  • multivariate regression
  • organic carbon
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