بررسی روند تغییرات مکانی غلظت رسوب در طول دامنه

گلکاریان, علی; احمدی, حسن; سلاجقه, علی; جعفری, محمد; شهبازی, علی

doi:10.22059/jrwm.2015.53476

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

¹ استادیار دانشکدة منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

² هیات علمی بازنشسته دانشگاه تهران

³ عضو هیات علمی دانشکده منابع طبیهی دانشگاه تهران

⁴ عضو هیات علمی دانشکده منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران

⁵ دانشجوی دکتری آبخیزداری دانشگاه تهران

https://doi.org/10.22059/jrwm.2015.53476

چکیده

فرسایش یکی از مهم‌ترین عوامل تخریب خاک و کاهش حاصل‌خیزی است. از آنجایی که طول دامنه یکی از فاکتورهای مؤثر در شکل زمین و، درنتیجه، در میزان فرسایش است، در این تحقیق سعی شد تغییرات مکانی غلظت رسوب در طول دامنه تا رسیدن به ظرفیت حمل بررسی شود. بدین منظور، یک سیستم شبیه‌ساز دامنه طراحی و ساخته شد. این سیستم شامل ده فلوم پنج‌متری است که با سری‌کردن آن‌ها دامنه‌ای پنجاه‌متری ایجاد می‌شود. در این سیستم، به کمک پنجاه لولة آبده، که به فواصل یک‌متری بر روی فلوم‌ها نصب شده و آبدهی هر یک 100 میلی‌لیتر است، جریان تجمعی ایجاد می‌شود. متغیرهای دیگر شامل دو نوع خاک است: یکی با بستر مارنی و دیگری با بستر کنگلومرایی از منطقة طالقان، و شیب در سه سطح 15، 5_/22، و 30 درصد است. برای هر تیمار سه تکرار و در مجموع 18 بار آزمایش انجام گرفت. در هر آزمایش، از انتهای هر فلوم چهار نمونه گرفته شد و غلظت آن تعیین گردید. سپس، داده‌ها به صورت فاکتوریل و در قالب طرح‌های کاملاً تصادفی تجزیه و تحلیل آماری شد. همچنین، برای برازش یک منحنی مناسب بر داده‌های مشاهده‌ای از تابع ریچارد استفاده شد. نتایج نشان‌دهندة معنی‌دارنبودن خاک‌ها و معنی‌دارشدن شیب و طول دامنه در غلظت رسوب است. از طرف دیگر، قرارگرفتن غلظت رسوب دو فلوم آخر در یک کلاس نمایانگر نزدیک‌شدن غلظت رسوب به ظرفیت حمل در این طول است. همچنین، از نتایج به‌دست‌آمده این‌گونه استنباط می‌شود که مدل ریچارد به‌خوبی می‌تواند روند تغییرات غلظت در طول دامنه را شبیه‌سازی نماید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of slope length on spatially variation of concentration

نویسنده [English]

Ali Golkarian ¹

⁴

⁵

چکیده [English]

Erosion is one of the important factors in soil degradation and decrease fertility and slope length is one of the most effective factors in land form and amount of erosion. The objective of this study was investigation of spatially variation of sediment concentration in slope length until to receive transport capacity. To obtain this goal a hill slope simulator system designed and manufactured. This system include 10 flumes, each has five meter length which after series them become fifty meters. This system can produce cumulative flow via fifty watering can tube which are install on flumes with one meter interval and each flume discharging is 100 cc. Other variables include two type of soil and slope in three level 15, 22.5, 30 percent. Three replications were used for each treatment and totally 18 experiment was done. In each experiment four samples were gathered from end of each flume and concentration was determined. Complete randomized design with factorial arrangement was used for data analyzing. Richard’s function was used for fitting a suitable curve on observed data. Result was shown that effect of soil type on sediment concentration was not significant while slope and slope length effects was significant. Otherwise sediment concentration in the two last flumes was located in same class which is shown that sediment concentration achieved to transport capacity in this slope length. Also results were shown that Richard’s function can simulate trend of concentration variety in slope length.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

erosion
Sediment concentration
Slope length
Transport capacity

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نشریه علمی - پژوهشی مرتع و آبخیزداری

بررسی روند تغییرات مکانی غلظت رسوب در طول دامنه

مراجع

مراجع

دوره 67، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 4
بهمن 1393
صفحه 587-601

بررسی روند تغییرات مکانی غلظت رسوب در طول دامنه

مراجع

مراجع

دوره 67، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 4بهمن 1393صفحه 587-601

دوره 67، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 4
بهمن 1393
صفحه 587-601