نشریه علمی - پژوهشی مرتع و آبخیزداری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار دانشکدة منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان

2 کارشناس ارشد بیابان‏زدایی، دانشکدة منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان

3 دانشیار گروه خاک‏شناسی، دانشکدة کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان

چکیده

پژوهش حاضر به منظور بررسی پیامدهای کاربردِ پساب شهری بر برخی ویژگی‌های فیزیکی و شیمیایی خاک در مراتع منطقة سگزی واقع در شرق اصفهان انجام شد. 6 سایت مطالعاتی با توجه به نوع پوشش گیاهی دست‌کاشت (گونه‏های تاغ، قره‌داغ) و روش آبیاری (شیاری، غرقابی، و بدون آبیاری) انتخاب شد و در هر سایت حداقل چهار و حداکثر دوازده تکرار انتخاب شد و از لایه‌های ۰ ـ۱۰ و ۱۰ ـ۳۰ سانتی‌متری خاک نمونه‌برداری شد. بافت، مقدار مادة آلی، اسیدیته، رسانایی الکتریکی، میزان سدیم، کلسیم، و منیزیم محلول، و پایداری ساختمان خاک (رس قابل پراکنش) برای 94 نمونة خاک بررسی و با استفاده از تجزیة واریانس و تجزیة مؤلفه‌های اصلی تحلیل شد. بر اساس نتایج، استفاده از پساب با شست‌و‏شوی نمک‌های محلول خاک و انتقال آن‌ها به عمق خاک و افزودن مواد آلی و معدنی تغییراتی در خاک ایجاد کرد. رسانایی الکتریکی خاک در سایت‌های بدون آبیاری (۰ ـ۱۰ سانتی‌متری) یا آبیاری به شیوة شیاری (۱۰ ـ۳۰ سانتی‌متری) به طور معنی‌داری (05/0=α) بیش از سایت‏هایی با آبیاری غرقابی بود. کاربرد پساب موجب افزایش میزان مادة آلی خاک، نسبت به مناطق بدون آبیاری، شد و میزان پایداری خاک‌دانه‌ها نیز به طور معنی‌داری (05/0=α) افزایش یافت. استفاده از پساب به کاهش سدیم محلول خاک منجر شد و، در نتیجه، میزان رس قابل پراکنش کاهش یافت و بر پایداری ساختمان خاک افزوده شد. در مجموع، استفاده از پساب در پروژه‏های احیای مراتع، با توجه به اینکه خطرهای زیست‏محیطی کمتری نسبت به کاربردِ آن در عرصه‌های کشاورزی دارد، توصیه می‏شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Wastewater effects on some soil physical and chemical properties in rangeland restoration projects (Case study: East Isfahan)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hossein Bashari 1
  • Mostafa Tarkesh 1
  • Tayebeh Shahabadi 2
  • Mohammad Reza Mosadeghi 3

1 Assistant Professor, Department of Natural Resources, Isfahan University of Technology

2 Master of Science in Desert Combating, Department of Natural Resources, Isfahan University of Technology

3 Associate Professor, Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology

چکیده [English]

Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of urban wastewater on some soil physical and chemical properties in Segzi, East Isfahan. Six sites were selected considering the planted species (Haloxylon persicum and Nitraria schoberi) and irrigation types (control or no irrigation, water logged and furrow irrigation methods). The 4 to 12 replications were chosen in each site depending on its' size. Soil samples were collected in all replications from the 0‒10 and 10‒30 cm layers. Soil properties such as texture, organic matter, acidity, electrical conductivity, total soluble sodium, calcium and magnesium concentrations, and structural stability (dispersible clay) were measured for 94 collected soil samples. One-way ANOVA, Duncan's mean test and Principal Component Analysis were used to analyze and interpret the data. The results showed that wastewater affected some soil properties by leaching soluble salts into deeper soil horizons and also adding organic matter and some minerals into the soil. Electrical conductivities of the 0‒10 cm layer in control sites (no irrigation) and the 10‒30 cm layer in sites with furrow irrigation method were significantly greater than water-logged irrigated sites (α= 0.05). Applying wastewater increased soil organic matter content and aggregate stability significantly (α= 0.05). Irrigating the sites with wastewater decreased soluble sodium contents and dispersible clay of the soil surfaces; hence the soil structural stability was increased. Overall, applying wastewater to irrigate the planted seedlings in rangeland restoration projects has benefits as its use in these areas has lower environmental risk when compared with agricultural fields.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Keywords: Urban wastewater
  • aggregate stability
  • Dispersible clay
  • restoration
  • Soil Salinity
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