نشریه علمی - پژوهشی مرتع و آبخیزداری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار دانشکدة منابع طبیعی دانشگاه ارومیه

2 دانشجوی دکتری مرتع‌داری، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری

3 دانشجوی دکتری مرتع‌داری، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

چکیده

گیاهان، ضمن رویش و سازگاری با شرایط مختلف، ویژگی‏های محیط و به‌ویژه خصوصیات خاک را برای گسترش جوامع گیاهی تغییر می‏دهند. در این تحقیق میزان تأثیرگذاری گیاهان هالوفیت اطراف دریاچة ارومیه بر خصوصیات فیزیکی و شیمیایی خاک ارزیابی شد. بدین منظور، در تیپ گیاهی Salsola nitraria - Aeluropus littoralis، که معرف سطح وسیعی از چراگاه‏های شور اطراف دریاچة ارومیه است، لکه‌های گیاهی (اکولوژیک) در امتداد دو ترانسکت 150 متری، که موازی با جهت شیب استقرار داشتند، انتخاب شد و فواصل بین آن‌ها خاک لخت بدون پوشش (فضای بین لکه‌ای) درنظر گرفته شد. نمونه‏های خاک از داخل لکه‌ها و فضای بین لکه‏ای از دو عمق 0 ـ 15 و 15 ـ 30 سانتی‌متری با چهار تکرار برداشت و برخی خصوصیات آن‌ها اندازه‏گیری شد. با کاربرد آزمون T غیرجفتی، مقادیر پارامترهای اندازه‏گیری‌شدة بین لکه‌ها و فضای بین لکه‏ها مقایسه شد. نتایج به‌دست‌آمده نشان می‏دهد حضور گیاهان تأثیر معنی‏داری در کاهش هدایت الکتریکی و نمک‏های محلول سدیم، پتاسیم و کلسیم و همچنین افزایش مقادیر فسفر در نمونه‏های خاک پروفیل سطحی (0 ـ 15 سانتی‌متری) در داخل لکه‏ها دارد، ولی در میزان اسیدیته، نیتروژن، مواد آلی و درصد سیلت، شن و رس داخل لکه‏ها و نواحی بین لکه‏ها اختلاف معنی‏دار مشاهده نشد. خصوصیات مذکور در خاک عمقی (15 ـ 30 سانتی‌متری) و بین لکه‏های گیاهی و مناطق بین لکه‏ها نیز اختلاف معنی‌داری با هم نداشت؛ این امر تداعی‌کنندة نقش گیاهان و تأثیر ریشه‏دوانی آن‌ها در تغییر خصوصیات خاک سطحی نسبت به خاک عمقی در رویشگاه‏های مورد بررسی است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of vegetation patches as microhabitat on changing soil properties (Case study: saline rangelands of Tez Kharab in Urmia)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Javad Motamedi 1
  • Arezu Alizadeh 2
  • Azadeh Alemzadeh Gorji 3

1 Assistant Prof., Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Urmia, Urmia, I.R. Iran

2 2- Ph.D. Student of Range Management, Sari University of Agricultural Sciences & Natural Resources, Sari, I.R.Iran.

3 Ph.D. Student of Range Management, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences & Natural Resources, Gorghan, I.R.Iran.

چکیده [English]

Plants change their environment characteristics and especially soil properties while their growth and adaptation, to develop plant communities. In this study effect of halophyte patches from Urmia lack in a vegetation type of Salsola nitraria and Aeluropus littoralis on chemical and physical properties of soil was investigated. So 4 vegitation patches along 2 transect with the length of 150 meter that was established in parallel position with the slop was selected and the distances between these patches considered as bare soil. Then soil samples were collected with four replication from the patches and inter patches areas from two different depths of 0-15 cm and 15-30cm, then soil samples were air dried and some of their properties were measured. Independent T-test was performed to compare soil properties of patches and inter-patches. Results showed that vegetation patches had significant effect on decrease of electrical conductivity and soluble salts of sodium, potassium and total phosphorus in soil samples of surface profile (0-15cm) but soil acidity, nitrogen content, organic matter, sand, silt and clay percent showed no significant differences in soil samples of patches and inter patches areas.
Then comparing these properties in soil samples of second depth (15-30cm) showed that there wasn’t any significant differences between patches and inter-patches, and these results shows effect of vegetation patches and specially their roots on changing properties of surface soil in this study’s experimental field.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • ecological patches
  • inter patch areas, soil properties, slain rangelands, Urmia lack ecological patches
  • inter patch areas, soil properties, slain rangelands, Urmia lack ecological patches
  • inter patch areas, soil properties, slain rangelands, Urmia lack
 

 

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