نشریه علمی - پژوهشی مرتع و آبخیزداری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد دانشکدة منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران

2 دانشجوی دکتری تخصصی آبخیزداری دانشکدة منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران

3 کارشناس‌ارشد مرکز تحقیقات بین‌المللی بیابان دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

هدف از این تحقیق بررسی روابط پوشش گیاهی با خصوصیات محیطی، به‌ویژه خصوصیات خاک، و تعیین مهم‌ترین خصوصیات خاکی مؤثر در تغییرات کمّی گیاهی در تیپ‌های مختلف است. منطقة مورد مطالعه در مراتع ساوجبلاغ در غرب استان تهران واقع شده است. پس از بازدید صحرایی، چهار تیپ پوشش گیاهی شاخص انتخاب شد و در هر تیپ به روش تصادفی‌– سیستماتیک از خاک و پوشش گیاهی نمونه‌برداری شد. پارامترهای نمونه‌برداری از پوشش شامل درصد تاج پوشش و تراکم گیاهان موجود در منطقه است. به تفکیک مرز افق‌ها از دو عمق 0 ـ 10 و 10 ـ 30 سانتی‌متری خاک نمونه‌برداری شد. از فاکتورهای خاکیْ بافت درصد آهک، هدایت الکتریکی، مادة آلی، درصد سنگریزه، نیتروژن، فسفر، و پتاسیم تبادلی اندازه‌گیری شد. برای تجزیه و تحلیل اطلاعات به‌دست‌آمده از روش‌های آماری تجزیة واریانس، رگرسیون چندمتغیره، و تجزیة مؤلفه‌های اصلی به کمک نرم‌افزار SPSS استفاده شد. نتایج به‌دست‌آمده نشان می‌دهد عوامل خاکی در تغییرات پوشش گیاهی تأثیر عمده‌ای دارد؛ هرچند این تأثیرات صد در صد نیست؛ به طوری که در تیپ‌های مورد مطالعه مادة آلی، درصد شن، و هدایت الکتریکی به‌ترتیب بیشترین رابطه را با گونه‌های گیاهی مورد مطالعه داشتند. نتایج تجزیة مؤلفه‌های اصلی با نتایج آنالیز واریانس تقریباً مشابه است و به طور کلی چهار گروه اکولوژیکی تفکیک شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of relationships between soil physiochemical attributes And vegetation covers for recognition of index species in Savog-bolagh region Investigation of relationships between soil

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Jafari 1
  • Mohammad Tahmoures 2
  • Mohsen Naghiloo 3

1 Professor, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, I.R. Iran

2 PhD Student, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, I.R. Iran

3 MSc. Graduate, International Desert Research Center, University of Tehran, I.R. Iran

چکیده [English]

The purpose of this research is investigation of relationship between vegetation cover and soil characteristics and determination of the most important soil factor that effects on quantity variations and kinds of vegetation cover in the study area. The study area is located in west of Tehran province and south eastern of Hashtgerd, next to Najm-abad village. After field study, the index vegetation types were selected and randomized-systematic sampling method has been used for soil and vegetation cover sampling in each of key area. The area of each plot was determined according to kind of plant species and species distribution using minimum area method. Some vegetation cover parameters such as canopy cover percentage, density and frequency of plant species were measured in the area. Then soil sampling were done from 2 horizon 0-10 cm and 10-30 cm in each plot and soil attributes such as texture, pH, organic carbon percentage and gypsum were measured in soil laboratory. Afterwards statistical methods like multivariate regression, analysis of variance and statistical techniques were used for analyzing of soil and vegetation cover data. Results showed that there is not any specific difference between soil and vegetation data except for gypsum. In other words the effective factor on vegetation cover variation was soil gypsum.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Savog-bolagh Rangeland
  • Vegetation types
  • Soil characteristics
  • Analysis of Variance
  • RDA technique

 

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