نشریه علمی - پژوهشی مرتع و آبخیزداری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد گروه آبخیزداری، دانشکدة منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

2 استادیار گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکدة منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه کردستان

چکیده

رفتار رسوب معلق در طول رگبارها نه‌تنها تابعی از شرایط انرژی از قبیل ذخیرة رسوبات در دبی‏های کم و حمل آن در دبی‏های زیاد است، بلکه با تغییرات تولید رسوب و کاهش آن نیز مرتبط است. تغییرات موجودیت رسوب باعث ایجاد اثری به نام الگوی حلقة رسوبی می‏شود. تحلیل الگوهای حلقه‏های رسوبی اهمیت فراوانی در مطالعات رسوب حوضه‏های آبخیز دارد؛ حال‏ آنکه به تحلیل آن‏ها کمتر توجه شده است. بنابراین، در این مطالعه، بر اساس داده‏های دبی و غلظت رسوب معلق 8 واقعة بارندگی اتفاق‌افتاده از فروردین 1390 تا اردیبهشت 1391، تغییرات درون‌رگباری غلظت رسوب معلق 6 زیرحوضة دریاچة زریوار در قالب الگوهای حلقه‏های رسوبی به‏دست آمد. بر اساس تحلیل نتایج، حلقه‏های رسوبی به‏دست‌آمده دارای 16 الگوی ساعت‏گرد، 13 الگوی بی‏نظم، 11 الگوی پیچیده، و 6 الگوی پادساعت‏گرد بود. زیرحوضه‏های کوچک آبخیز دریاچة زریوار پاسخ‏های سریعی به تغییرات شدت رگبارها نشان داد و اکثر آب‏نمودهای ثبت‌شده از رگبارهای مختلف دارای چند دبی اوج و، به تبع آن، تغییرات فراوان غلظت رسوب معلق بود‌‌ـ که خود باعث ایجاد الگوهای متفاوت حلقة رسوبی شد. تنوع الگوهای حلقه‏های رسوبی نه‏‏تنها بیانگر پیچیدگی حمل رسوب در درون وقایع رگباری بود، بلکه از رگباری به رگبار دیگر نیز تغییر کرد. برقراری رابطة معنی‏دار آماری (01/0>p) بین آورد کل رسوب و دبی اوج وقایع رگباری هر نقطة نمونه‏برداری بیانگر این واقعیت بود که، به‌‏رغم تفاوت‏های تغییرات درون‌رگباری غلظت رسوب معلق، می‏توان اثر کلی همة وقایع را در هر نقطة نمونه‏برداری با یک معادلة سادة رگرسیونی توصیف کرد.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Analysis of Intra-Storm Suspended Sediment Delivery Processes from Different Tributaries to the Lake Zarivar using Hysteresis Patterns

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyed Hamidreza Sadeghi 1
  • Shirkouh Ebrahimi Mohammadi 2
  • Kamran Chapi 2

1 Professor, Dept. of Watershed Management Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran

2 Assistant Prof., Dept. of Range and Watershed Management, University of Kurdistan, Iran

چکیده [English]

The behavior of suspended sediment during flood events is not only a function of energy conditions, i.e. sediment is stored at low flow and transported under high flow conditions, but also is related to the variations in sediment supply and sediment depletion. These changes in sediment availability result in so-called hysteresis effects. Therefore, Hysteresis pattern analysis is of great importance in sediment studies in the watersheds. However, their analyses has been rarely considered. In this study, based on the discharge and sediment concentration data collected from 8 storm events occurred during March 2 011 to April 2012, event suspended sediment dynamics of 7 tributaries of the Lake Zarivar watershed was investigated using hysteresis patterns. Based on the fact that all sampling points were not active in all events, about 46 hysteresis patterns were obtained. The analysis of results showed that 16, 13, 11, and 6 events had clockwise, irregular, complex and counterclockwise patterns, respectively. Small tributaries of the Zarivar lake watershed showed the rapid responses to the variation of storm intensity and the most hydrographs of different storms were multi peak discharges and consequently high suspended sediment variations led to different hysteresis patterns. The diversity of patterns suggested that the detailed processes of sediment transport were not only complicated during one event but also varied from event to event. The reasonable and statistically significant relationship (p<0.05) between suspended sediment yield and peak discharge of each sampling point indicated that the data from all events may be statistically well described by a simple regression equation, regardless of different inter and intra-storm variations of the suspended sediment.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Peak Discharge
  • Sediment yield
  • Temporal variation of sediment
  • Suspended Sediment
  • Sedimentgrap
 
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