بررسی تأثیر مالچ سیمانی بر تثبیت ماسه های روان

اختصاصی, محمد رضا; حضیرئی, فاطمه سادات

doi:10.22059/jrwm.2015.56955

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

¹ استاد دانشکدة منابع طبیعی دانشگاه یزد

² کارشناس‌ارشد مهندسی منابع طبیعی، مدیریت مناطق بیابانی

https://doi.org/10.22059/jrwm.2015.56955

چکیده

یکی از روش‏های معمول برای کنترل حرکت ماسه‏های روان مالچ‏پاشی بر سطح آن‏هاست. تا کنون در ایران از مالچ‏های نفتی برای تثبیت تپه‏های ماسه‏ای استفاده می‏شده است. تخریب محیط زیست به وسیلة مالچ‏های نفتی و همچنین هزینه‏های زیاد استفاده از آن‏ها باعث شده است که مراکز پژوهشی کشور در تحقیق بر روی تغییرِ نوع و شیوه‏های مالچ‌پاشی فعال‌ شوند. در این تحقیق، برای نخستین بار در کشور ایران، از نسبت‏های مختلف سیمان و آهک و ماسة بادی به عنوان مالچ طبیعی استفاده شد. بدین منظور، از تپه‌های ماسه‌ای دشت یزد- اردکان به عنوان بستر و ترکیب‌های مختلف سیمان پرتلند، ماسة بادی و آهک به عنوان تیمار‏های مالچ سیمانی استفاده شد. به هر تیمار یک لیتر آب اضافه شد. سپس، بر روی پلات‏هایی به ابعاد 100 × 30 و 30 سانتی‌متر عمق ماسة بادی پاشیده شد. این تحقیق در قالب طرح آماری کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام شد. سایر عوامل فیزیکی، مانند ضخامت، مقاومت فشاری سله‏های ایجادشده و میزان فرسایش‏پذیری از سطح تیمارها، اندازه‏گیری شد. داده‏ها با نرم‌افزار SPSS تجزیه و تحلیل شد. نتایج نشان داد، با افزایش مقدار سیمان، مقاومت سله‏های ایجادشده در سطح خاک افزایش می‏‌یابد. از آنجا که تیمار ترکیبی 400 گرم سیمان و 10 گرم آهک و 800 گرم ماسه پاسخ‌گوی حداقل شرایط فیزیکی لازم برای تثبیت ماسه‏های روان بود، این تیمار مناسب‏ترین تیمار انتخاب شد. هزینه‏های اجرایی مالچ جدید نیز حدود 30 درصد هزینه‏های مالچ نفتی برآورد می‏شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of cement mulch combinations on sand dunes fixation

نویسندگان [English]

Mohammad Reza Ekhtesasi ¹
Fateme Hazirei ²

¹ Professor, Faculty of Natural Resources and Eremology, Yazd University, Iran

² MSc of Natural Resources Engineering- Arid lands Management

چکیده [English]

Mulching is one of the methods of sand movement control to prepare condition for permanent fixation. Oil mulches have been used in Iran. Because of high cost and negative environmental impacts of oil mulches, changes in mulches type and mulching methods is vital. Therefore, for the first time in Iran, different combinations of cement and lime were examined as stabilizer. Sandy soil from the Yazd-Ardakan plain is used as bed treatment and Portland cement were used as the mulch in this research. The treatments were prepared using different ratios of the above mentioned materials. One liter of water was added to each mulch combinations and were sprinkled on the plot of 100 cm (length) × 30 cm (width) ×4 cm (height) sands. A completely randomized design is used as research plan with three repeating. Physical parameters, such as thickness, compressive strength, which are created by mulches, and wind erodibility of the treatments were measured. The measured data were analyzed using SPSS statistical software. Results show that by increasing the amount of cement, soil crust resistance increases. The combination mulch of cement 400 gr, sand 800 gr, and lime 10 gr is selected as the best treatment, because it can be prepare optimum physical conditions for sand dune fixation. In addition, the cost of field cement mulching estimated 30% lower than oil mulching.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Sand movement
Cement mulch
Wind Erosion
Sand dune fixation

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