نشریه علمی - پژوهشی مرتع و آبخیزداری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته دکتری علوم و مهندسی آبخیزداری دانشگاه تربیت مدرس.

2 استاد گروه آبخیزداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

3 دانشیار، پژوهشکده حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری.

چکیده

درک و سازی پویایی روابط رسوب معلق و دبی جریان به‌ منظور مهار فرایند فرسایش و کاربرد برنامه‌های مناسب در زمینه کاهش رسوب معلق رودخانه‌ها و نیز اثرات درون و برون منطقه‌ای انتقال رسوب ضروری می‌باشد. با وجود این، تفیسر پویایی الگو‌های پسماند رسوبی به ‌عنوان پاسخ رسوبی و هیدورلوژیکی حوزه آبخیز به وقایع بارش کم‌تر مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. از این‌رو تحقیق حاضر با هدف بررسی پویایی الگو‌های پسماند رسوبی طی وقایع رگبار در سه حوزه آبخیز جنگلی آموزشی و پژوهشی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس در استان مازندران، گلازچای در استان آذربایجان غربی و دره‌تفی در استان کردستان انجام شد. نتایج حاصل از تجزیه و تحلیل الگو‌های پسماند 67 رگبار نمونه‌برداری شده نشان‌دهنده تنوع شرایط حاکم بر حوزه‌های آبخیز مورد مطالعه بود. بر اساس نتایج حاصل از تحقیق، الگو‌های پسماند رسوبی در هر سه حوزه آبخیز مورد مطالعه نشان‌دهنده رفتار مختلف مشارکت رسوبی با الگوهای ساعت‌گرد، پادساعت‌گرد و عمدتاً الگوهای 8 ‌شکل و مرکب طی وقایع رگبار بودند. در حوزه آبخیز دره‌تفی در مقایسه با دو حوزه آبخیز مطالعاتی دیگر علی‌رغم تفاوت و تنوع بیش‌تر الگوهای بارشی غالب منطقه، الگو‌های پسماند رسوبی دارای تنوع کم‌تر و عمدتاً با شکل‌های 8 ‌شکل و مرکب با فراوانی 29/61 درصد بود. نتایج هم‌چنین نشان‌دهنده فراوانی 44 درصدی الگو‌های پسماند ساعت‌گرد و مرکب در حوزه آبخیز گلازچای و نیز فراوانی 33/53 درصدی الگو‌های مرکب در حوزه آبخیز جنگلی آموزشی و پژوهشی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس بوده که عمدتاً نشان‌دهنده تأمین رسوبات از بخش‌های نزدیک به خروجی و منابع سطحی حوزه‌های آبخیز مطالعاتی بود

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Dynamics of Sediment Hysteresis Patterns during Storm Events

نویسندگان [English]

  • Pari Saeidi 1
  • Seyed Hamidreza Sadeghi 2
  • Abdoulrasoul Telvari 3

1 Tarbiat Modares University

2 Tarbiat Modares University, Professor

3 Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Institute

چکیده [English]

Understanding and quantifying the dynamics of suspended sediment transport is essential to control soil erosion and implement appropriate mitigation practices to reduce stream suspendedsediment and on-site and off-site effects of sediment transport. However, the quantification and the interpretation of sediment hysteresis loops as fluvial and hydrological responses of the watershed to storm events has been less considered. Hence, the present study was conducted in three different regions viz. the Educational and Research Forest Watershed of TarbiatModares University in Mazandaran, the Galazchai Watershed in West Azerbaijan and the Daretefi Watershed in Kurdistan Provinces to investigate the dynamic of sediment hysteresis loops on storm wise basis. The results of analyzing 67 storm event hysteresis loops verified the variety of governing condition of all three study watersheds. According to the results, all of the sediment hysteresis loops showed flushing behavior but with different rotational patterns of clockwise, counterclockwise and 8-typed and complex. Despite of differences and more diversity in precipitation pattern, compared with two other study watersheds, Daretefi Watershed sediment hysteresis loops showed less variety and mainly with 8-typed and complex forms with frequency of 61.29%. Results also revealed a frequency of 44% for both clockwise and complex hysteresis loops in the Galazchai Watershed and frequency of 53.33% for complex hysteresis loops in the Educational and Research Forest Watershed of TarbiatModares University. The results also showed that the sediment sources in the study watersheds were mainly close to the outlet with further emphasis on wash load contribution.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Sediment Availability
  • Sediment Behavior
  • Sediment- Discharge Relationship
  • Sediment Flushing
  • Sediment Temporal Variation
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