نشریه علمی - پژوهشی مرتع و آبخیزداری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 مربی پژوهشی مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی مازندران

2 استادیار پژوهشی مؤسسۀ تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور

چکیده

نیاز به دانش فنی برای توسعۀ گسترش کشت هر یک از گونه­های سهیم در تولید علوفۀ مراتع، با توجه به شرایط منطقه آشکار گردید. در این راستا ، بذر گونۀ Vicia subvillosa برای بررسی روش­های مختلف کشت، از حدود ارتفاعی 1900 متری جادۀ آزادشهر به شاهرود جمع­آوری و کاشت شد. هدف از بررسی دستیابی به فصل بهینه و روش کارآمد کشت این گونه در عرصۀ مراتع با وضعیت فقیر یا خیلی فقیر بود. این گونه درمنطقۀ تلمادره، ایستگاه آبخوانداری پشت کوه ساری با متوسط بارندگی 350 میلی متر و اقلیم نیمه خشک سرد کاشته شد. دو تیمار بذرکاری و بذر پاشی در دو تاریخ کشت پاییزه و بهاره، طرح پایۀ آماری کرت­های خرد شده در قالب بلوک­های کاملاً تصادفی، با تیمار اصلی تاریخ کشت و تیمار فرعی روش کاشت در سه تکرار مورد مقایسه قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد، بین فصل کاشت در بهار و پاییز و همچنین بین دو روش کشت بذر پاشی و بذرکاری تفاوت معنی­داری وجود دارد. جوانه زنی و زنده مانی کشت در فصل پاییز (جوانه زنی50/30 %، زنده مانی 97/20 %) نسبت به کشت بهاره (جوانه زنی50/21 %، زنده مانی33/15 %) ارجحیت دارد. هم چنین کشت به روش بذرکاری (جوانه زنی61/32 %، زنده مانی39/22 %) نسبت به بذر پاشی (جوانه‏زنی 39/21 %، زنده مانی92/13%) در مرتع برتری دارد. لذا امکان زراعت این گونه در ایستگاه محل آزمایش و مناطق مشابه آب و هوایی برای تولید علوفه وجود دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of cultivation suitable seasons and methods Vicia subvillosa in Mazandaran Telmadare area

نویسندگان [English]

  • ّFarhad Azhir 1
  • Mohammad Fayaz 2

1 Faculty member of Mazandaran Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center

2 Faculty member of Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands in Iran

چکیده [English]

It was necessary to detect Technical knowledge for advising culturing various plant species which share in production forage rangelands depend on region condition. Vicia subvillosa species seeds were collected from ranges around road direction Azadshahr city toward Shahrood city, on 1900 meter height level form sea, and planted. The goal was to introduce the suitable season and method for cultivating this species in rangeland area. Experiment was performed on Telmadare area in Posht-kooh water spreading station with 350 mm. precipitation and semi dry cold climate. Main treatments include autumn and spring, sowing date, and two subsidiary treatments seedling and planting seed, by split plot completely randomize block design in three repetition were compared. Result showed that there was a significant deference between spring and fall date cultivation, and also between two subsidiary seedlings and planting seed. Seed Germination and survival at growing period in fall season (Germination 30.50%, survival 20.97% ) compared to spring (Germination 21.50%, survival 15.33% ) and planting seed (Germination 32.61%, survival 22.39% ) compared to seedling (Germination 21.39%, survival 13.92% ) were preferred. So with Vicia subvillosa cultivation is possible to produce forage in experimental Station case, and similar climatic ecosystem area.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Vicia subvillosa
  • seedling
  • planting seed
  • Rangeland
  • Mazandaran
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