نشریه علمی - پژوهشی مرتع و آبخیزداری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری بیابان‌زدائی، دانشکدة منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران

2 دانشجوی دکتری آبخیزداری، دانشکدة منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران.

3 دانشیار دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران.

چکیده

ابتکارات محلی از سویی به عنوان فعالیت‌های دسته جمعی خاص، بدون کمک یا مشوق خارجی به منظور کنترل آب‌های زیرزمینی و سطحی تعریف شده است و از سوی دیگر، یکی از مهم‌ترین رویکردهای مدیریتی در منابع آب، رویکرد مدیریت اجتماع محور است که تأکید بر ظرفیت‌سازی و نهادسازی در جوامع محلی برای مدیریت مشارکتی منابع آب دارد. ساختارهای اجتماعی منابع آب یکی از ابعاد دانش بومی در جوامع روستایی ایران محسوب می‌شود که ضرورت دارد در مدیریت منابع آب علاوه بر تحلیل دانش بومی ساختارهای اجتماعی مرتبط با آن نیز مورد تحلیل قرار گیرد. هدف اصلی در این مقاله شناخت ابعاد دانش بومی مرتبط با مدیریت پایدار منابع آب در روستای روزکین بخش ساردوئیه شهرستان جیرفت است. این مطالعه بر اساس روش‌های مردم‌شناسی و رویکردهای کیفی از جمله مشاهدۀ مستقیم و مشارکتی محقق و مصاحبۀ سازمان­یافته با 32 نفر از افراد مطلع و آگاه (کلیۀ کشاورزان) استفاده شده است. در روستای روزکین ساختار اجتماعی خاصی بر مدیریت منابع آب حاکم است که قدمتی بیش از 100 سال در منطقه دارد. همیاری در مدیریت منابع آب یک اصل اساسی در این روستا محسوب می‌شود و نقش‌های اجتماعی ارباب و زَعیم از ابتکارات اجتماعی این روستا در مدیریت منابع آب است. در این روستا تعداد 10 تشکل یا گروه محلی برای مدیریت منابع آب شکل گرفته که هر گروه از ارباب و زَعیم تشکیل شده است. به­طور کلی می‌توان بیان کرد دانش بومی و سنت‌های محلی در این روستا عامل پایداری منابع آب محسوب می‌شود که می‌توان استدلال کرد در ارتقاء تاب‌آوری سیستم‌های اجتماعی- اکولوژیک در مواجهه با بحران‌های زییست‌محیطی از جمله کم آبی نیز می‌تواند مؤثر باشد.  

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Local initiatives and indigenous knowledge in community-based water resources management (Case study: Roozkin Village – Sarduyeh- Jiroft District)

نویسندگان [English]

  • hamed eskandari 1
  • moslem borji 2
  • Mehdi Ghorbani 3

1 university of tehran

2 university of tehran

3 University of Tehran

چکیده [English]

Local initiatives have been defined as specific collective activities without external support or incentives in order to control either ground or surface waters. One of the most important of approaches in water resources management is community-based water management. Social structures of water resources are one of the aspects of indigenous knowledge in the management of water resources and it is necessary to analyze the social structures associated with it. The main objective of this paper is to identify aspects of indigenous knowledge related to the sustainable water resources management in Roozkin Village - Sarduyeh- Jiroft County. In this study, based on anthropological methods and qualitative approaches, including direct and participatory observation and organized interviews with 32 informed respondents (farmers) was used. In Roozkin Village, a certain social structure governs on the management of water resources in the region dating back more than 100 years. Cooperation in water resources management is considered as fundamental principle in this village and the social roles of Arbab and Zaim are among social initiatives of this village in management of water resources. In this village, 10 associations or local groups have been formed for managing water resources and each group is composed of Arbab and Zaim. In general, it could be noted that indigenous knowledge and local traditions in the village are factors influencing on sustainability of water resources and also it could be concluded that they will be effective in the promotion of socio-ecological resilience in the face of environmental crises such as drought.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • local initiatives
  • Indigenous Knowledge
  • water resources management
  • Roozkin village
  • social institution
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