نشریه علمی - پژوهشی مرتع و آبخیزداری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، ایران

2 دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت و کنترل بیابان، دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، ایران

چکیده

از مشکلاتی که در چند دهۀ اخیر در اثر دخالت­های بشری و استفادۀ غیر­منطقی از منابع طبیعی و تخریب آن در حال گسترش است پدیدۀ گردوغبار است. در این پژوهش مطالعۀ فراوانی پدیدۀ گردوغبار طی سال­های 1378 تا 1392 با استفاده از آمار ایستگاه های سینوپتیک منتخب در استان البرز و قزوین انجام شد که با استخراج کدهای گردوغبار از داده­های هواشناسی، فراوانی سالانۀ آن به صورت آماری پایش شد. برای مطالعۀ وضعیت سرعت و جهت بادهای منطقه، گلباد و گلطوفان ایستگاه­های کرج و قزوین ترسیم و جهت باد غالب در آن­ها مشخص گردید که با توجه به آن معلوم گردید که باد غالب در ایستگاه کرج شمال غربی و در ایستگاه قزوین جنوب شرقی می­باشد. بررسی تأثیر خشکسالی بر وقوع پدیدۀ گردوغبار با استفاده از نمایه­های SPI، PNI و ZSI برای مقیاس سالانه صورت گرفت و با نرم افزار SPSS ارزیابی شد. نتایج خشکسالی نشان داد در ایستگاه کرج، سال 1391 خشک­ترین سال و مقدار  SPI، PNI و ZSI به ترتیب 64/1-، 58 و 39/1- به­دست آمد. در ایستگاه قزوین نیز سال 1386 خشک­ترین سال و مقدار SPI، PNI و ZSI به ترتیب 34/2-، 50 و 99/1- محاسبه گردید. با بررسی فراوانی سالانۀ گردوغبار با توجه به کدهای پدیدۀ 06 و 07 مشخص گردید که در ایستگاه کرج در مجموع 169 روز پدیدۀ گردوغبار ثبت شده که در سال­های 1390 و 1392بیشترین فراوانی وقوع را داشته است. در ایستگاه قزوین نیز در مجموع 115 روز پدیدۀ گردوغبار رخ داده بود که سال 1389 با 23 روز بیشترین فراوانی وقوع را داشت. با بررسی ارتباط میان خشکسالی و فراوانی روزهای همراه با گردوغبار در ایستگاه­های کرج و قزوین نیز مشخص شد همبستگی معنی­داری میان این دو پدیده وجود ندارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of drought impact on Frequency of dust phenomenon occurrence by SPI, PNI and ZSI indexes

نویسندگان [English]

  • TAYYEBEH MESBAHZADEH 1
  • nahid alipour 2

1 university of Tehran

2 university of tehran

چکیده [English]

Dust phenomenon is one the problem that is developed due to human interference and unreasonable utilities from natural resources and their destruction. In this review, the dust phenomenon frequency was done using selected synoptic stations statistical in Alborz and Qazvin provinces during 2000 to 2014 that annual frequency was evaluated by extraction of dust codes from meteorological data statistically. In order to study of velocity and direction of region winds, wind rose and storm rose of Karaj and Qazvin stations were drew and prevalent wind direction was determined that it showed prevalent wind is northwest and southeast at Karaj and Qazvin stations respectively. Study of the effect of drought on dust phenomenon event was done using SPI, PNI, ZSI indicator for annual scale and was evaluated via SPSS software. The drought result show that 2013 was the driest year at Karaj station and the SPI, PNI and ZSI values were obtained -1.64, 58 and -1.39 respectively. Also 2008 was the driest year at Qazvin station and SPI, PNI and ZSI values were calculated -2.34, 50 and -1.99 respectively. With studying of annual dust frequency with regard to 06 and 07 codes detected that totally 169 days was reported as day with dust at Karaj station that 2012 and 2014 had the most event frequency. Furthermore, totally 115 days with dust accrued at Qazvin station that 2011 with 23 days had the most event frequency.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Drought indexes
  • Dust
  • storm rose
  • Karaj And Ghazvin stations
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