[1] Almansouri, M., Kinet, J. M. and Lutts, S. (2001). Effect of salt and osmatic stresses on germination in durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.). Plant and Soil, 231, 243-254.
[2] Aminifard, M.H. and Bayat, H. )2020(. Evaluation of Seed Germination and Seedling Growth Characteristics of Sweet Pepper (Capsicum annuum) Under Salinity and Drought Treatment. Iranian Journal of Seed Research, 6(2), 137-149. (In Persian)
[3] Ashraf, M. and Waheed, A. (1990). Screening of local exotic of lentil (lens culinaris medic) for salt tolerance at two growth stage, Plant and Soil, 128: 167-176.
[4] Azad H, Fazeli nasab B. and Sobhanizade, A. (2017). A Study into the Effect of Jasmonic and Humic Acids on Some Germination Characteristics of Rosselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) Seed under Salinity Stress. Iranian Journal of Seed Researches, 4 (1), 1-18. (In persian)
[5] Azimi, R., Borzelabad, M. J., Feizi, H. and Azimi, A. (2014). Interaction of SiO2 nanoparticles with seed prechilling on germination and early seedling growth of tall wheatgrass (Agropyron elongatum L.). Polish Journal of Chemical Technology, 16(3), 25-29.
[6] Bahrani, M.J., Ramazani Gask, M., Shekafandeh, A. and Taghvaei, M. (2008). Seed germination of wild caper (Capparis spinosa L. var. parviflora) as affected by dormancy breaking treatments and salinity levels. Seed Science and Technology, 36(3): 776-780.
[7] Bakhshi-zadeh, J. (2014). Investigation of the effects of salinity and environmental stress on germination and seedling growth characteristics of
(Hypericum perforatum). National Conference on the Application of Medicinal Plants in Lifestyle and Traditional Medicine, 11-27.
[8] Dadkhah, A. )2010(. Effect of salinity on germination and seedling growth of four medicinal plants. Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 3(26), 369-358. (In Persian)
[9] Daneshmand F, Arvin M J, Keramat B, Momeni N. (2012). Interactive effects of salt stress and salicylic acid on germination and plant growth parameters of maize (Zea mays L.) under field conditions. Journal plant process and function. 1 (1), 57-70. (In Persian)
[10] Dawood, M.G., Taie, H.A.A., Nassar, R.M.A., Abdelhamid, M.T., and Schmidhalter, U. (2014). The changes induced in the physiological, biochemical and anatomical characteristics of Vicia faba by the exogenous application of proline under seawater stress. South African Journal of Botany, 93: 54-63.
[11] Deilam, A., Rouhani, H., Sabouri, H. and Gholam Ali Pooralmadari, E. )2019(. Effect of drought stress and salinity on germination, soluble carbohydrates and proline of Atriplex halimus. Iranian Journal of Seed Science and Research, 6(2), 245-255. (In Persian)
[12] Dori, M.A. and Salehi, M. (2010) Germination and Seed Growth Reaction of Four Alfalfa Cultivars Exposed to Sodium Chloride Tension, Journal of applied field crop research, 89: 69-61. (In Persian)
[13] Elgamal, M.H.A., Shaker K.H., Pöllmann K. and Seifert K. (1995). Triterpenoid saponins from Zygophyllum species. Phytochemistry, 40(4), 1233-1236.
[14] Farhoudi, R. and khodarahmpour, Z. (2017). Effect of Salt and Drought Stresses on Germination, Seedling Growth and Cell Membrane Stability of Anise (Pimpinella anisum) and Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare). Iranian Journal Seed Research, 4 (1), 103-110.
[15] Farooq, S., and Azam, F. (2006). The use of cell membrane stability (CMS) technique to screen for salt tolerance wheat varieties. Journal of Plant Physiology, 163(6), 629-637.
[16] Farrokhi, A. and Galeshi, S. (2005). Investigating the effect of salinity, seed size and their interactions on spin, seed conversion efficiency and soybean growth (Glycine max). Iranian journal of agriculture science, 36 (5), 1233-1239.
[17] Flood, M.R., and Jones, R.A. (1996). Response to selection for salt tolerance during germination in tomato seed. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 121, 1001-1006.
[18] Flowers, T. J. and Colmer T.D. (2015). Plant salt tolerance: adaptations in halophytes. Annals of botany, 115(3), 327-331.
[19] Frnciois, L.E. Donovan, T.J. Maas, E.V. (1984). Salinity effects indeed yield growth and germination of grain sorghum, Agronomy Journal, 76, 741-744.
[20] Ghahreman, A. (1997). Flora of Iran. Tehran: Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands 250p.
[21] Ghasemi Nejad, P., Bahmaniar, M., Hosseini, M., Rafiei, H. Gholami, S. (2012). Effect of PGPR and salinity on germinating seed of carnation (Syzygium aromaticum). Summary of Articles of the National Conference on Natural Products and Medicinal Plants, 231.
[22] Haung, J. and Redmann, R.E. (1995). Salt and drought tolerance of Hordeum and Brassica species during germination and early seedling. Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 75(4), 815-819.
[23] Jamil, M. Lee, D.B. Jung, K.Y. Ashraf, M. Lee, S.C. and Rha, E.S. (2006). Effect of salt (nail) stress on germination and early seedling growth of four vegetables species, Journal of Central European Agriculture, 7(2), 273-282.
[24] Kafi, M. and Mahdavi Damghani, A. M. (2000) Mechanisms of resistance to environmental stress", translation. Ferdowsi University Press and Publishing. P. 130- 11
[25] Keshavarz Afshar, R., Keykhah, M., Chaeichi, M.R. and Ansari, M. (2013). Effect of different levels of salinity and drought stress on seed germination characteristics and seedling growth of forage turnip (Brassica rapa L.). Iranian Journal of Field Crop Science, 43(4), 661-671. (In Persian)
[26] Khaef, N., Taghvayi, N. and Niazi, A. (2011). Investigation of the interaction of light and temperature on seed germination (Calotropis procer L.). Journal of rangeland, 5(1), 19-26. (In Persian)
[27] Labbafi, M., Mehrafarin, A., Naghdibadi, H., Ghorbani, M. and Tavakoli, M. (2018). Investigating the effect of various chemical and non-chemical treatments break dormancy galbanum seeds Ferula gummosa Boiss. Eco-phytochemical Journal of Medicinal Plants, 6(2), 80-88. (In Persian)
[28] Lambardo, V. & Saladino, L. (1997). Effect of salinity of water on seed germination capacity, Irrigation -e- Drenaggio, 44:1, 3-7.
[29] Lefevre, I., Vogel-Mikus, K., Arcon, I. and Lutts, S. (2016). How do roots of the metalresistant perennial bush Zygophyllum fabago cope with cadmium and zinc toxicities? Plant and Soil, 404 (1-2), 193-207.
[30] Li, Y. (2008). Effect of salt stress on seed germination and seedling growth of three salinity Plants, Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 11(9), 1268-1272.
[31] Maghsoudi Moud, A. and Maghsoudi, K. (2008). Salt stress effects on respiration and growth of germinated seeds of different wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars, World Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 4(3), 351-358.
[32] Mehrabi, A.A. and Hajinia, S. (2019). The Effect of Seed Pre-treatments on Germination of Astragalus gossypinus Seed. Iranian Journal of Seed Research, 6(1), 97-114. (In Persian)
[33] Mohammadi, H. and Beheshtian Mesgaran, M. (2005). Effect of salinity and drought stress on germination of Medicago scutellata and Trifolium alexandrium. First national conference of natural resources, Iran, Karaj, (208-207)
[34] Mojab, M., Hosseini, M., Zamani, Gh.R., Kohansal, A., Ebrahimi, A. (2015). The effect of different methods of seed dormancy breaking and effects of salinity and drought stress on germination characteristics of weed (Prosopis stephaniana willd). Environmental stresses in crop science, 8 (1), 101-108. (In Persian)
[35] Morgenson, G. (1999). Effects of cold strafication, warm-cold stratification, and acid scarification on seed germination of three Crataegus species. Tree planters' Notes, 49 (3), 72-74.
[36] Mozaffarian, V.A. (2013). Identification of medicinal and aromatic plants of Iran. Farhang Moaser publication. 1444 p.
[37] Munns, R., Tester, M. (2008). Mechanisms of salinity tolerance. Annual Review of Plant Biology, 59, 651-668.
[38] Nasiri, M., Babakhanloo, P. and Maddah Arefi, H. (2003). Seed germination in Kozal (Diplotaenia damavadica Mozaffarian, Hege & Lamond). Iranian Journal of Rangelands Forests plant Breeding and Gentic research, 11(2), 256-275. (In Persian)
[39] Panahi, F and Arast, M. (2019). The effect of different treatments on seeds dormancy and germination of Gundelia tournefortii. Iranian Journal of Seed Science and Research, 6(3), 347- 358. (In Persian)
[40] Rogers, M. E., Noble, C. L., Halloran, G. M. & Nicolas, M. E. (1995) The effect of NaCl on germination and early seedling growth of Trifolium repens populations selected for high and low salinity tolerance, Seed Science and Technology, 23(2), 227-228.
[41] Roumani, A. and Ehteshami M. (2014). Effect of different levels of salinity stress on seed germination and early growth of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-greacum) seedling. Iranian Journal Seed Research, 1 (1), 33-45. (In Persian).
[42] Saeedifar, R., and Chaparzadeh, N. (2016). Interactive effects of salinity and Nitric oxide on water relations of Zygophyllum fabago L. Journal of plant research, 21 (3), 675-685. (In Persian).
[43] Tavili, A., Zare, S. and Yari, R. (2010). Effect of different treatments on seed dormancy breaking and germination stimulation of Ammodendron persicum. Iranian journal of Range and Desert Research, 17 (3), 466-475. (In Persian)
[44] Yoosefi, B. (2015). Comparison of erosion and sediment estimation methods to correct soil edibility factor in Nazlouchai watershed, M.Sc. thesis in Watershed management, Urmia University, 104 p. (In Persian)
)