نشریه علمی - پژوهشی مرتع و آبخیزداری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران.

2 استادیار گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه فسا، فسا، ایران.

3 دانش‌آموختۀ کارشناسی ارشد مرتعداری، گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران.

چکیده

رشد و عملکرد گیاهان در محیط تحت تأثیر تنش­های محیطی زنده و غیر زنده متعدد و نیز خواب بذر محدود می­باشد. شوری در خاک، یکی از تنش­های مهم نواحی خشک و نیمه­خشک است. خواب بذر یک سازوکار کلیدی جهت بقای گیاهان در محیط رشد طبیعی می­باشد. هدف از تحقیق حاضر بررسی اثر تیمارهای شستشوی بذر با اسید سولفوریک و آبیاری بذور با آب شور بر روی جوانه­زنی بذور گیاه دارویی Zygophyllum fabago می­باشد. با توجه به تحقیقات قبلی مرتبط، بدین منظور برای اعمال تیمار اسیدشویی سه غلظت 0، 10 و 20 درصد تهیه شد. برای تیمار شوری نیز چهار سطح: 0، 60، 90 و 120 میلی مول بر لیتر در نظر گرفته شد. آبیاری با اسپری آب­پاش در مواقع لازم روی همۀ پتریدیش­ها به طور مساوی صورت پذیرفت. شمارش بذرهای جوانه­زده هر روز انجام شد و تا زمانی که در چند روز متوالی، افزایشی در تعداد بذر جوانه­زده مشاهده نگردید، ادامه یافت. نتایج نشان داد تیمارهای اسید و شوری بر جوانه­زنی بذر Z. fabago اثر معنی­داری دارند. اثرات اصلی تیمارها بر سه پارامتر درصد، سرعت و زمان جوانه­زنی در سطح یک درصد معنی­دار بود. اثر متقابل اسید و شوری نیز تنها در خصوص میزان سرعت جوانه­زنی معنی­دار بوده و برای دو پارامتر دیگر معنی­دار نبوده است. مقایسۀ میانگین اثر اصلی سطوح مختلف تیمار اسید بر درصد جوانه­زنی گیاه Z. fabago نشان داد تیمارهای غلظت اسید صفر و ده درصد با میزان 59 و 60 درصد مقدار بیشتری را دارد. در خصوص اثرات اصلی تیمار شوری نیز تیمار شوری صفر میلی مول بر لیتر دارای درصد جوانه­زنی بیشتری با میزان 75 درصد است. پارامتر متوسط زمان جوانه­زنی نتایج برعکس بوده و تیمارهای اسید 20 درصد و شوری 120 میلی مول بر لیتر با مقدار 4/7 و 9/7 دارای بیشترین مقدار نسبت به سایر تیمارها بوده است. درخصوص مقایسۀ میانگین حاصل از اثرات متقابل اسید و شوری نیز نتایج نشان داد بهترین ترکیب تیماری مربوط به اسید صفر درصد و شوری صفر و ده میلی مول بر لیتر می­باشد. بنابراین گونۀ Z. fabagoبرایرشد بهینۀ خود نیاز به غلظت­های پایین شوری و اسید سولفوریک دارد. از این رو از آن می­توان برای اصلاح و احیای اکوسیستم­های مرتعی با توجه به میزان شوری منطقۀ مورد نظر استفاده کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of the effect of seed washing with sulfuric acid and irrigation with salt water on seed germination of Zygophyllum fabago L.

نویسندگان [English]

  • Esmaeil Sheidai Karkaj 1
  • Esfandiar Jahantab 2
  • Zahra Mahmoodi 3

1 Assistant professor, Department of Range and Watershed Management, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Urmia University, Urmia

2 Fasa University

3 Urmia University

چکیده [English]

Plant growth and yield in the environment is affected by numerous biotic and abiotic environmental stresses as well as seed dormancy. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of seed washing treatments with sulfuric acid and irrigation of seeds with saline water on seed germination of Zygophyllum fabago. According to previous relevant researches, for this purpose, three concentrations of 0, 10 and 20% were prepared for acid washing treatment. For salinity treatment, four levels were considered: 0, 60, 90 and 120 mmol / l. Irrigation with spray water was applied evenly on all pteridia when necessary. Germinated seeds were counted daily and continued until no increase in the number of germinated seeds was observed .Comparison of the mean of the main effect of different levels of acid treatment on the germination percentage of Z. fabago showed that zero and ten percent acid concentration treatments with 59 and 60 percent have a higher value. Regarding the comparison of the mean of the interaction effects of acid and salinity, the results showed that the best treatment combination is zero percent acid and zero salinity of ten and ten millimoles per liter. Therefore, Z. fabago species needs low concentrations of salinity and sulfuric acid for optimal growth. Therefore, it can be used to improve and rehabilitate rangeland ecosystems according to the salinity of the area.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Seed dormancy
  • Sulfuric acid
  • Salinity
  • Germination
  • Medicinal plant
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