نشریه علمی - پژوهشی مرتع و آبخیزداری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار پژوهشی، بخش تحقیقات بیابان، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

2 کارشناس مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان کرمانشاه، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

کاکتوس علوفه‌ای گیاهی مقاوم با شرایط خشک و نیمه خشک است که در این مناطق می‌ تواند برای تولید علوفه کشت شود. به‌همین‌منظور ارزیابی قابلیت کشت گیاه کاکتوس علوفه‌ای (Opuntia ficus indica L.) در منطقه نفت‌شهر شهرستان قصرشیرین، استان کرمانشاه مد نظر قرار گرفته است. در این تحقیق از تیمارهای مختلف، بدون آبیاری، یک، 15 و 30 روز یک آبیاری در طول دوره رشد در سه تکرار به مدت سه سال بر اساس طرح بلوک‌های کاملاً تصادفی انجام شد. کشت گیاه کاکتوس در نیمه اول آبان و آبیاری از اول خرداد ماه شروع شد. برخی از ویژگی‌های زراعی گیاه مانند تعداد پد، ارتفاع گیاه و ماندگاری تعداد گیاهان مورد اندازه‌گیری قرار گرفت. مقایسه میانگین‌های نتایج به دست آمده با استفاده از آزمون چند دامنه‌ای دانکن در نرم‌افزار SPSS انجام شد. نتایج آنالیز واریانس نشان داد که اثر دور آبیاری و اثر متقابل دور آبیاری در زمان اندازه‌گیری بر تعداد پد و ارتفاع گیاه دارای اثر معنی‌داری در سطح آماری 01/0 داشته است. زنده‌مانی 75، 57، 43 و 38 درصد گیاهان به‌ترتیب با تیمارهای، دور آبیاری 15، 30، یک‌بار و بدون آبیاری به دست آمد. نتایج این تحقیق نشان می‌دهد کاشت کاکتوس در مناطقی با اقلیم خشک بیابانی مانند قصرشیرین، نفت‌شهر و سومار استان کرمانشاه با توجه به سازگاری بالای آن توصیه می‌شود. تولید علوفه خشک کاکتوس علوفه‌ای می‌تواند برای توسعه دامداری در این مناطق و مناطق مشابه موثر باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of Forage Cactus Plantation (Opuntia ficus indica L.) in Reviving and Repairing Destroyed Tropical Rangelands (Case Study: Qasrshirin Rangelands of Kermanshah Province)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Khosro Shahbazi 1
  • Borzoo Yoosefi 2

1 1Assistant Professor, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran

2 Expert of Agricultural Research and Training Center and Kermanshah Province, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

Therefore, in order to evaluate the cultivability of forage cactus (Opuntia ficus indica L.) in the Naft shahr of Qesir shirin city, Kermanshah province has been considered. Different treatments without irrigation, 1, 15, 30 days, once irrigation in three repetitions for three years were performed based on a completely randomized block design. Cultivation of cactus plant in the first half of November and irrigation began on the first of June. The means of the results were compared using Duncan's multiple range test in SPSS software.The results of analysis of variance showed that the effect of irrigation cycle and the interaction effect of irrigation cycle at the time of measurement on the number of pads and plant height had a significant effect at the statistical level of 0.01. Survival of 75, 57, 43 and 38% of plants was obtained with 15-day irrigation cycle, 30-day treatment, one-time irrigation and no irrigation treatment, respectively. The results of this study show that planting cactus in areas with arid desert climate such as Qesir shirin and Somar in Kermanshah province is recommended due to its high adaptability. Dry forage production Cactus forage can be effective for livestock development in these and similar areas. Also, due to the role of cactus in soil conservation, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of dust, desertification, pasture destruction and soil erosion in the region by developing crops. Also,

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Dust
  • Forage Cactus
  • Impact of irrigation period
  • Qesir shirin
  • Soil erosion
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