نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 استادیار، گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکده آب و خاک، دانشگاه زابل. ایران
2 دانش آموخته دکتری علوم مرتع، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع‌طبیعی گرگان. ایران
3 اســتادیار پژوهشــی بخش تحقیقات جنگل‌ها، مراتع و آبخیزداری، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشــاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان کهگیلویه و بویراحمد، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، یاسوج، ایران
چکیده
این تحقیق به منظور بررسی اثر آللوپاتیک عصاره اندام هوایی و زیرزمینی اکالیپتوس بر مراحل جوانه‌زنی و رشد گیاهچه‌ی گونه‌های Cassia angustifolia Vahl. ، Datura stramonium L. و Hibiscus sabdariffa L. انجام گرفت. ابتدا عصاره استخراج شده از اندام‌های هوایی و زیرزمینی گونه مذکور تهیه شد و از این عصاره با افزودن آب مقطر غلظت‌های۰ (شاهد)، ۲۵، ۵۰ ، ۷۵ و ۱۰۰ درصد به دست آمد. سپس در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی اثر چهار تیمار مذکور و آب مقطر به عنوان شاهد در چهار تکرار بر جوانه‌زنی بذر و رشد اولیه گونه‌های مذکور بررسی شد. نتایج نشان داد که در هر سه گونه مورد بررسی بین صفات اندازه‌گیری شده درصد جوانه‌زنی، سرعت جوانه‌زنی، طول ریشه‌چه، طول ساقه‌چه، طول گیاهچه و شاخص بنیه‌بذر، تفاوت معنی‌دار در سطح یک درصد وجود دارد. مقایسه میانگین‌ها نشان داد که افزایش غلظت عصاره آللوپاتیک اکالیپتوس باعث کاهش جوانه‌زنی و رشد اولیه گیاهچه‌ها به طور معنی‌داری در هر سه گونه شد. بیشترین درصد و سرعت جوانه‌زنی مربوط به گونه چای ترش (۶۰ ٪ و ۵/۳) در غلظت صفر (شاهد) بدست آمد. همچنین در گونه تاتوره فقط تا غلظت ۲۵ درصد (۲۰ ٪) شاهد جوانه‌زنی بودیم و در غلظت‌های ۵۰، ۷۵ و ۱۰۰ درصد جوانه‌زنی صفر بود. با توجه به نتایج، گیاه دارویی تاتوره حساسیت بیشتری به اثر آللوپاتیک اکالیپتوس نسبت به دو گونه دیگر دارد. بطور کلی پیشنهاد می-شود در منطقه مورد مطالعه تا حد امکان از کشت اکالیپتوس به عنوان بادشکن توام با گونه‌های دارویی، سنای هندی، چای ترش و تاتوره مورد استفاده قرار نگیرد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Allelopathic Effects of Eucalyptus camaldulensis on Seed Germination and Initial Growth of Three Medicinal species
نویسندگان [English]
- Morteza Saberi 1
- Vahid Karimian 2
- Majid khazaei 3
1 Assistant professor, Range and watershed management department, Water and Soil collage, University of Zabol, Iran
2 Ph.D. Graduate, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.
3 3- Assistant Professor, Forests, Rangelands and Watershed Management Enginering, Department, Kohgiluyeh & Boyerahmad Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research , Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Yasouj, Iran.
چکیده [English]
The allelopathic influence of aqueous extracts of Eucalyptus camaldulensis on Cassia angustifolia Vahl., Datura stramonium L. and Hibiscus sabdariffa L. germination (%), germination stages and seedling growth were examined. For this goal, the extract was prepared from the shoot and roots of Eucalyptus camaldulensis firstly. The extract was diluted by adding distilled water to 0 (control), 25, 50, 75 and 100 percent. The effect of the four mentioned treatments, as well as distilled water as control were studied in four repetitions on seed germination using a completely randomized design. Results showed that there were significant differences among the measured characteristics for germination percentage and speed, length of root, length of shoot, length seedling and vigority index (p<1%) in all three species. Comparison of means indicated that increasing the concentration of allelopathic extract of Eucalyptus decreased seed germination and initial growth of seedlings in all three species significantly. The highest germination percentage and speed was belonging to Hibiscus sabdariffa (60% and 3.5) at zero concentration (control). Also, germination of Datura stramonium done only until concentration of 25 percent (20%) and at concentrations 50, 75 and 100 % it was zero. According to the results Datura stramonium had more sensibility than two other species related to allelopathic effect of Eucalyptus camaldulensis. Generally, it is recommended not to plant eucalyptus as a windbreak with medicinal species Cassia angustifolia, Datura stramonium and Hibiscus sabdariffa as much as possible in the study area.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Germination
- Allelopathy
- Extract
- Eucalyptus camaldulensis
- Medicinal plant
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