نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانش آموخته، گروه علوم و مهندسی آبخیزداری، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه لرستان
2 استادیار گروه علوم و مهندسی آبخیزداری، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه لرستان
3 دانشیار گروه علوم و مهندسی آبخیزداری، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه لرستان
چکیده
در سال‌های اخیر اقدامات گسترده‌ای از نظر کنترل سیل، فرسایش و رسوب در زمینه های تحقیقاتی، مطالعاتی و اجرایی آبخیزداری انجام شده است. لذا این تحقیق با هدف ارزیابی اثر اقدامات آبخیزداری بر روی خصوصیات جریان و رسوب معلق در دو زیر حوضه از حوضه قلعه گل انجام گرفت. برای مقایسه اثر اقدامات آبخیزداری بر روی میزان جریان و رسوب معلق خروجی از هر دو زیرحوضه، در زمان شروع بارندگی تا پایان بارندگی و رسیدن ارتفاع جریان رودخانه به دبی پایه، اندازه‌گیری سرعت جریان و نمونه‌برداری از بار معلق به صورت مستقیم و میدانی از زیرحوضهها انجام گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که در تمام اندازه‌گیری‌ها میزان دبی و رسوب زیرحوضه جنوبی با عملیات آبخیزداری اجرا شده بیش از زیرحوضه شمالی بدون اجرای عملیات آبخیزداری بود. مطابق نتایج آزمون‌های آماری، مشخص شد که اختلاف بین دبی اوج جریان خروجی (P=0.691) و رسوب اوج خروجی (P=0.840) زیرحوضه‌های شمالی و جنوبی معنی‌دار نبوده است. همچنین مطابق نتایج این تحقیق، اختلاف بین دبی ویژه و گل‌آلودگی ویژه خروجی از این زیرحوضهها معنی‌دار نبوده است (P>0.05). بر اساس این نتایج مشخص شد که اجرای این عملیات ظاهراً بعد از گذشت چند سال کارایی لازم برای کاهش میزان دبی و رسوب خروجی حوضه را از دست داده‌اند. بدین معنی که عملیات اجرا شده، تأثیرگذاری خود بری روی رسوب و رواناب خروجی را از دست داده‌اند. لذا برای افزایش کارایی سازه‌های مکانیکی آبخیزداری اجرا شده در آبراهه‌ها، بایستی همزمان اقدام به اجرای عملیات بیولوژیک و بیومکانیکی در روی دامنه‌ها نمود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Assessment the Effects of watershed management operations on the characteristics of runoff and suspended sediment load in Ghaleh Gol Watershed, Lorestan province
نویسندگان [English]
- Bahram Mir Derikvand 1
- Alireza Sepahvand 2
- Hossein Zeinivand 3
1 Department of Range and Watershed Management, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Lorestan University
2 Department of Range and Watershed Management Engineering,Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran
3 Department of Range and Watershed Management, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Lorestan University
چکیده [English]
In recent years, extensive practices have been done on flood control, erosion and sediment in the fields of research and implementation of watershed management. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the effects of watershed management practices on the characteristics of runoff and suspended sediment load in two subwatersheds in Ghaleh Gol watershed in Lorestan province, Iran. In this research, for comparing the effect of watershed management practices (WMP) on discharge and suspended sediment load (SSL) from both subwatersheds, the flow velocity was measured and the SSL was sampled directly from the beginning of the rainfall events until the end of them. Results showed that in all measurements, the discharge and suspended sediment load of the southern subwatershed with watershed management practices was higher than the northern subwatershed without such practices. According to the results of ANOVA test, it was found that the difference between discharge peak (P=0.691) and suspended sediment load peak (P=0.840) was not significant in two subwatersheds. Also, according to the results, the difference between specific discharge and specific SSL was not significant (P>0.05). Based on these results, it was found that the implementation of WMP in the study area apparently has no the required performance to reduce the discharge and SSL, and the WMP have lost their performance before the end of their useful life. Therefore, in order to increase the performance of mechanical watershed management practices (MWMP), the biological and biomechanical practices has to be performed simultaneously.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Lorestan province
- Ghaleh Gol watershed
- watershed management operations
- peak of discharge
- peak of sediment suspended load
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